Environmentální modelování změn ve využití půdy v okolí povrchových uhelných dolů pomocí GIS

ENVIRONMENTÁLNE MODELOVANIE ZMIEN VO VYUŽITÍ PÔDY V OKOLÍ POVRCHOVÝCH UHOĽNÝCH BANÍ POMOCOU GIS Abstrakt Ľudská spoločnosť spôsobuje stále väčší tlak na krajinu a jej využitie. Za niekoľko posledných desiatok rokov sa výrazne zmenili požiadavky a nároky ľudstva. Od toho sa odvíjajú neustále dopady na životné prostredie, predovšetkým na miestach, kde spoločnosť ťaží a využíva prírodné zdroje vo veľkom meradle pre vlastný a ekonomický blahobyt, a tým výrazne premenia povrch krajiny. Cieľom práce je na základe mapovej dokumentácie z diaľkového prieskumu Zeme s využitím geografických informačných systémov poukázať na zmeny vo využití pôdy v okolí povrchových uhoľných baní v okresoch Chomutov, Most, Sokolov a Teplice, kde sa tieto uhoľné bane vyskytujú a zaberajú veľké plochy. Ťažbou výrazne premieňajú vzhľad okolitej krajiny a majú vysoký dopad na životné prostredie. Práca poukazuje na zmenu vo využití pôdy na základe snímok z družíc Landsat a pomocou zaradenia do základných kategórií CORINE, kde bola vytvorená vrstva krajinného krytu za rok 1990, 2000, 2006 a 2012, a ďalej na ekologickú stabilitu krajiny od roku 1986 až po súčasnosť. Vývoj a zmeny ekologickej stability sú analyzované pomocou ekologického koeficientu, zhlukovej analýzy, lineárnej regresie a riadenej klasifikácie s využitím CORINE Land Cover....ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING OF LAND USE CHANGES IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF COAL MINES WITH THE GIS Abstract Human society causes an increasing pressure on land and its use. The requirements and demands of humanity has significantly changed in the last few decades. This is the foundation of continuous environmental impacts, particularly in those areas where mining companies exploit natural resources on a large scale for personal and economic well-being, and thus significantly transform the land surface. The objective of this thesis is to refer to changes in land use in the vicinity of surface coal mines in the districts of Chomutov, Most, Teplice and Sokolov where these coal mines take up large areas. We do so with the help of remote-sensing-based documentation and GIS applications. Mining dramatically transforms the appearance of surrounding landscapes and has a high impact on the environment. The thesis shows the change of land use based on both the images from the Landsat satellite and the inclusion in basic Corine categories in which was created layer of land cover for 1990, 2000, 2006 and 2012, and further shows the ecological stability of the landscape from 1986 up to now. The evolution and changes of ecological stability are analyzed with the help of ecological coefficient, cluster analysis, linear...Institute for Environmental StudiesÚstav pro životní prostředíPřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

Úloha písania vo výučbe akademického diskurzu

V príspevku sa zameriavame na možnosti skvalitniť výučbu odbornej angličtiny na vysokej škole zmenou prístupu k výučbe reflektujúc zmenu vlastností študentov, ktorú priniesla moderné doba. Navrhujeme využiť vo výučbe písanie ako proces, ktoré študentovi umožní pochopiť princípy tvorby odborného textu v interaktívnom procese. V závere príspevok ponúka didaktický experiment ako príklad využitia procesu písania.

Synthesis and evaluation of InhA inhibitors as potential antitubercular drugs

Univerzita Karlova, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Katedra organické a bioorganické chemie Riešiteľ práce: Simona Antalová Vedúci práce: doc. PharmDr. Mgr. Martin Krátký, Ph.D. Názov diplomovej práce: Syntéza a hodnocení potenciálních antituberkulotik na bázi inhibitorů InhA Tuberkulóza je infekčné ochorenie patriace medzi prvých desať príčin smrti celosvetovo. Pôvodcom tohto ochorenia sú baktérie Mycobacterium tuberculosis komplexu. Antimikrobiálna terapia ochorenia je v súčasnosti komplikovaná rapídnym nárastom kmeňov rezistentných ku štandardnej antituberkulotickej liečebnej schéme, čo je dôvodom rastúceho záujmu a významu v oblasti hľadania nových látok potenciálne účinných v terapii tohto ochorenia. Jedným z možných prístupov je systematická modifikácia štruktúr so známou antimykobakteriálnou aktivitou. Medzi takéto látky patrí triklosan, ktorý pôsobí ako nekompetetívny inhibítor enzýmu enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reduktázy. (InhA). Ide o proteín, ktorý sa účastní biosyntézy mykobakteriálnych mastných kyselín. Táto molekula nevyžaduje aktiváciu mykobakteriálnym enzýmom KatG, čím sa vyhýba najčastejšej forme rezistencie na izoniazid, ktorý taktiež pôsobí inhibíciou InhA. Cieľom tejto práce bolo syntetizovať a vyhodnotiť nové potenciálne antituberkulotické látky odvodené od triklosanu. V...Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Author: Simona Antalová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Mgr. Martin Krátký, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis and evaluation of InhA inhibitors as potential antitubercular drugs Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that belongs to one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. The most common cause of the disease are Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains. Antimicrobial therapy of the disease is nowadays complicated by alarming increase of strains resistant to standardly used antitubercular treatment. This is the reason of growing interest and significance in research of new potential antitubercular agents. One of the possible approaches is systematic modification of compounds with a known antimycobacterial activity, one of such compounds being triclosan. This substance acts as an uncompetitive inhibitor of enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase (InhA), an enzyme participating in the mycobacterial fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. It does not require activation by the mycobacterial KatG enzyme, thereby avoiding the most frequent mechanism of resistance to the frontline drug isoniazid targeting InhA too. The aim of the study was to synthesise ad evaluate new potential antitubercular drugs based...Department of Organic And Bioorganic ChemistryKatedra organické a bioorganické chemieFarmaceutická fakulta v Hradci KrálovéFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králov

Súvislosť výchovných štýlov rodičov, vzťahovej väzby a závislosti od návykových látok u adolescentov

This bachelor's thesis deals with the connection between parenting styles, attachment and drug addiction in adolescents. The literature review section is devoted to the description of individual phenomena. It then presents relevant research that can outline the relationships between them. The theoretical part is followed by a mixed methods research proposal, the aim of which is to examine the relationships between phenomena on a sample of adolescents. Quantitative data are supplemented by case studies for the purpose of better introduction to the issue. Keywords Parenting Styles; Attachment; Addictive Substances; Addiction; AdolescenceTáto bakalárska práca sa zaoberá súvislosťou výchovných štýlov rodičov, vzťahovej väzby a závislosti od návykových látok u adolescentov. Literárne prehľadová časť je venovaná popisu jednotlivých fenoménov. Ďalej predkladá relevantné výskumy, ktoré môžu načrtnúť súvislosti medzi nimi. Na teoretickú časť nadväzuje návrh výskumu so zmiešaným dizajnom, ktorého cieľom je preskúmať vzťahy medzi fenoménmi na vzorke adolescentov. Kvantitatívne dáta sú pre potreby lepšieho uvedenia do problematiky doplnené o kazuistiky. Kľúčové slová výchovné štýly; vzťahová väzba; návykové látky; závislosť; adolescenciaDepartment of PsychologyKatedra psychologieFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

Evolution and Flare Activity of Delta-Sunspots in Cycle 23

The emergence and magnetic evolution of solar active regions (ARs) of beta-gamma-delta type, which are known to be highly flare-productive, were studied with the SOHO/MDI data in Cycle 23. We selected 31 ARs that can be observed from their birth phase, as unbiased samples for our study. From the analysis of the magnetic topology (twist and writhe), we obtained the following results. i) Emerging beta-gamma-delta ARs can be classified into three topological types as "quasi-beta", "writhed" and "top-to-top". ii) Among them, the "writhed" and "top-to-top" types tend to show high flare activity. iii) As the signs of twist and writhe agree with each other in most cases of the "writhed" type (12 cases out of 13), we propose a magnetic model in which the emerging flux regions in a beta-gamma-delta AR are not separated but united as a single structure below the solar surface. iv) Almost all the "writhed"-type ARs have downward knotted structures in the mid portion of the magnetic flux tube. This, we believe, is the essential property of beta-gamma-delta ARs. v) The flare activity of beta-gamma-delta ARs is highly correlated not only with the sunspot area but also with the magnetic complexity. vi) We suggest that there is a possible scaling-law between the flare index and the maximum umbral area

The phase relation between sunspot numbers and soft X-ray flares

To better understand long-term flare activity, we present a statistical study on soft X-ray flares from May 1976 to May 2008. It is found that the smoothed monthly peak fluxes of C-class, M-class, and X-class flares have a very noticeable time lag of 13, 8, and 8 months in cycle 21 respectively with respect to the smoothed monthly sunspot numbers. There is no time lag between the sunspot numbers and M-class flares in cycle 22. However, there is a one-month time lag for C-class flares and a one-month time lead for X-class flares with regard to sunspot numbers in cycle 22. For cycle 23, the smoothed monthly peak fluxes of C-class, M-class, and X-class flares have a very noticeable time lag of one month, 5 months, and 21 months respectively with respect to sunspot numbers. If we take the three types of flares together, the smoothed monthly peak fluxes of soft X-ray flares have a time lag of 9 months in cycle 21, no time lag in cycle 22 and a characteristic time lag of 5 months in cycle 23 with respect to the smoothed monthly sunspot numbers. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients of the smoothed monthly peak fluxes of M-class and X-class flares and the smoothed monthly sunspot numbers are higher in cycle 22 than those in cycles 21 and 23. The correlation coefficients between the three kinds of soft X-ray flares in cycle 22 are higher than those in cycles 21 and 23. These findings may be instructive in predicting C-class, M-class, and X-class flares regarding sunspot numbers in the next cycle and the physical processes of energy storage and dissipation in the corona.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc

An Overview of Forest Management Development in Slovakia

This article deals with forest management as a sector of national economy, whose main aim is the holistic and sustainable management of forests in Slovakia and their further development. The article discusses the issue of the current situation in forests and forestry in Slovakia, not only from the aspect of the extent of forest land and forest stands, but also from the aspect of tree species composition, timber felling and logging, forest opening up by forest roads, application of technologies in forestry, principles of timber felling and the resulting obligations for the staff responsible for the keeping of ecological principles

Prevention of using legal addictive substances - alcohol, tobacco pruducts and energy drinks at primary schools in České Budějovice

The diploma thesis presents ways to prevent the abuse of legal addictive substances in primary school students. Focusing on the use of alcohol, tobacco products and energy drinks, a research was conducted among primary school students in the area of České Budějovice with the aim to clarify whether and to what extent they are at risk of using the aforementioned legal addictive substances. A number of papers dealing with this topic have targeted students of low secondary or secondary schools. Unfortunately, addictive substances are being used by an increasing number of primary school students, as well. The paper is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with definitions of terms such as legal addictive substance, alcohol, tobacco products, energy drinks, risky behaviour, addictive behaviour, prevention, family environment etc. The practical part is based on a quantitative research, where a total of 304 questionnaires were distributed among the students of the fourth and fifth grades at primary schools in České Budějovice. The primary schools were selected by their locations, with three primary schools located in the very center of České Budějovice and other three schools situated in the outskirts of the town. The research has revealed the rate of occurrence of legal addictive substances in primary school students. The students are most affected by the use of energy drinks. Alcohol abuse is another issue that primary school students have mentioned. The smallest number of students in the fourth and fifth grades have reported using tobacco products. In addition, the research has shown that prevention of drug use in primary schools takes place within the framework of teaching as well as in families. Media (TV and the Internet) also prove helpful in terms of prevention. However, in spite of ongoing preventive programmes, part of the students still fail to realize the harmfulness of the drug substances examined, some of them struggling to identify harmful addictive substances contained in energy drinks. The results of the processed questionnaires may be partly influenced by the fact that not all students gave completely true responses even though each of them was informed about anonymity of the questionnaires

Connection between parenting styles, attachment and drug addiction in adolescents

This bachelor's thesis deals with the connection between parenting styles, attachment and drug addiction in adolescents. The literature review section is devoted to the description of individual phenomena. It then presents relevant research that can outline the relationships between them. The theoretical part is followed by a mixed methods research proposal, the aim of which is to examine the relationships between phenomena on a sample of adolescents. Quantitative data are supplemented by case studies for the purpose of better introduction to the issue. Keywords Parenting Styles; Attachment; Addictive Substances; Addiction; Adolescenc