Bibliometría de la fisioterapia en Brasil: análisis fundamentado en las especialidades de la profesión

A fisioterapia carece de análises bibliométricas que relatem os aspectos mais relevantes da produção científica, bem como o perfil das publicações das diversas especialidades da profissão. Esta análise bibliométrica objetivou avaliar os artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros na área da fisioterapia e verificar sua relação com as especialidades da profissão. Este estudo transversal envolveu 15 periódicos com algum enfoque na área de fisioterapia, considerando os artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2014. Os dados dos periódicos foram coletados em cada home page. Foram analisados os artigos classificados dentre as especialidades da fisioterapia, reconhecidas pelo Conselho Federal de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional. A região Sudeste apresentou o maior número de periódicos e a maior produção científica. O Qualis B1 e B4 foram os mais frequentes. Dentre os 2.683 artigos encontrados, 1.664 (62%) estiveram vinculados à área de fisioterapia. O tempo entre submissão e aceite foi de 157 (68-243) dias e do aceite à publicação de 109 (60-177) dias. A fisioterapia traumato-ortopédica concentrou o maior número de publicações (34,3%). As pesquisas quantitativas (80,8%) e com seres humanos (83,9%), bem como a estatística inferencial (67,7%), foram as mais frequentes e predominaram dentre as especialidades. A fisioterapia permanece em ascensão quanto à quantidade e qualidade de suas pesquisas no Brasil, vislumbrando o crescimento da prática profissional baseada em evidência nas suas diversas especialidades. Porém, o tempo até a publicação dos artigos ainda é demorado. A maior prevalência de pesquisas quantitativas e de estatística inferencial pode promover avanços substanciais à profissão.La fisioterapia precisa de análisis bibliométricas que plantean los aspectos más relevantes de la producción científica, así como el perfil de las publicaciones de las diversas especialidades de la profesión. En este análisis bibliométrica se pretende evaluar los textos publicados en revistas brasileñas en el área de fisioterapia y comprobar su relación con las especialidades de la profesión. En este estudio de tipo transversal se investigó 15 revistas con enfoque en fisioterapia, teniendo en cuenta los textos publicados entre 2011 y 2014. Se recolectaron los datos de las revistas electrónicas en sus páginas iniciales. Se evaluaron los textos clasificados entre las especialidades de fisioterapia, reconocidas por el Consejo Federal de Fisioterapia y Terapia Ocupacional. La región Sudeste de Brasil fue la con mayor cantidad de revistas y mayor producción científica. El Qualis B1 y B4 fueron los más frecuentes. De los 2.683 textos encontrados, 1.664 (62%) relacionaban al área de la fisioterapia. El tiempo de presentación y aceptación fue de 157 (68-243) días, y el tiempo de la aceptación a la publicación fue de 109 (60-177) días. La fisioterapia traumatología y ortopedia fue la que más publicó (34,3%). Los estudios cuantitativos (80,8%) y con seres humanos (83,9%), así como la estadística inferencial (67,7%), fueron los más frecuentes y predominantes en las especialidades. La fisioterapia sigue creciendo en cuanto a la cuantidad y calidad de sus estudios en Brasil, con crecimiento de la práctica profesional en evidencia en sus distintas especialidades. Sin embargo, todavía se lleva mucho tiempo para publicar los textos. La mayor prevalencia de estudios cuantitativos y de estadística inferencial puede promocionar avances sustanciales a la profesión.Physical therapy lacks bibliometric analyses that report the most relevant aspects of its scientific production, as well as the profile of publications of the several specialties of this profession. This bibliometric analysis aimed to evaluate the articles published in Brazilian journals in the field of Physical Therapy and verify their relationship with the profession specialties. This cross-sectional study involved 15 journals with a focus on Physical Therapy, considering articles published between 2011 and 2014. Data of the journals were collected in each home page. We analyzed articles classified among the specialties of Physical Therapy, recognized by the Federal Council of Physical and Occupational Therapy. The Southeast region presented the greatest number of journals and the largest scientific production. Qualis B1 and B4 were the most frequent ones. Among the 2,683 articles, 1,664 (62%) were linked to the area of Physical Therapy. The time between submission and acceptance was 157 (68-243) days, and, from acceptance to publication, 109 (60-177) days. Trauma-Orthopedic Physical Therapy concentrated the highest number of publications (34.3%). Quantitative (80.8%) and human subject research (83.9%), as well as inferential statistics (67.7%), were the most frequent ones and prevailed among the specialties. Physical Therapy remains on the rise regarding the quantity and quality of its research in Brazil, glimpsing the growth of evidence-based professional practice in its various specialties. However, its articles still take a long time to be published. The higher prevalence of quantitative research and inferential statistics may promote substantial progress to the profession

Insulin Therapy does not Interfere with Venous Endothelial Function Evaluation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

INTRODUCTION: Endothelium-dependent dilation is improved in insulin-treated diabetic patients, but this effect is probably due to improved glycemic control. The objective of the present study was to compare endotheliumdependent dilation in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes who are or are not using insulin as part of their therapy. METHODS: We studied 27 patients with type 2 diabetes (11 women, 60.3 years ¡ 6 years, with HbA1c , 7% and no nephropathy), including 16 patients treated with anti-diabetic agents (No-Ins, 8 women) and 11 patients treated with insulin alone or in combination with anti-diabetic agents (Ins, 3 women). Endothelial function was evaluated by the dorsal hand vein technique, which measures changes in vein diameter in response to phenylephrine, acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent vasodilation) and sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent vasodilation). RESULTS: Age, systolic blood pressure (No-Ins: 129.4 mmHg ¡ 11.8 mmHg, Ins: 134.8 mmHg ¡ 12.0 mmHg; P = 0.257), HbA1c, lipids and urinary albumin excretion rate [No-Ins: 9 mg/24 h (0-14.1 mg/24 h) vs. Ins: 10.6 mg/24 h (7.5- 14.4 mg/24 h), P = 0.398] were similar between groups. There was no difference between endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the No-Ins group (59.3% ¡ 26.5%) vs. the Ins group (54.0% ¡ 16.3%; P = 0.526). Endotheliumindependent vasodilation was also similar between the No-Ins (113.7% ¡ 35.3%) and Ins groups (111.9% ¡ 28.5%; P = 0.888). CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous insulin therapy does not interfere with venous endothelial function in type 2 diabetes when glycemic and blood pressure control are stable

Espirometria de incentivo a volume versus a fluxo sobre parâmetros respiratórios em idosos

En el proceso de envejecimiento, el individuo pasa por cambios fisiológicos, destacándose la declinación de la función pulmonar. La espirometría de incentivo, utilizada en diversas poblaciones, aun no deja clara la diferencia entre los métodos a volumen y a flujo sobre variables respiratorias en sujetos añosos. El objetivo fue comparar los efectos de la espirometría de incentivo - volumen y flujo, sobre la función pulmonar, fuerza muscular respiratoria y movilidad tóraco-abdominal de añosos sanos. Este fue un ensayo clínico con 48 añosos, entre 60 y 84 años de edad, randomizados para espirometría de incentivo a volumen (n=23) o a flujo (n=25). Fueron evaluadas las presiones inspiratoria (PImáx) y expiratoria (PEmáx) máximas, volúmenes y capacidades pulmonares y cirtometría tóraco-abdominal pre y post entrenamiento domiciliario. Los datos fueron analizados por el análisis de varianza de dos vías con medidas repetidas. Hubo aumento de la PImáx, PEmáx, capacidad vital forzada (CVF), volumen expiratorio forzado en el primer segundo, volumen minuto, volumen corriente y cirtometría a nivel xifoides y umbilical en ambos grupos (pNo processo de envelhecimento, o indivíduo passa por mudanças fisiológicas, destacando-se o declínio da função pulmonar. A espirometria de incentivo, utilizada em diversas populações, ainda não deixa clara a diferença entre os métodos a volume e a fluxo sobre variáveis respiratórias em sujeitos idosos. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os efeitos da espirometria de incentivo - volume e fluxo, sobre a função pulmonar, força muscular respiratória e mobilidade tóraco-abdominal de idosos saudáveis. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico com 48 idosos, entre 60 e 84 anos de idade, randomizados para espirometria de incentivo a volume (n=23) ou a fluxo (n=25). Foram avaliadas as pressões inspiratória (PImáx) e expiratória (PEmáx) máximas, volumes e capacidades pulmonares e cirtometria tóraco-abdominal pré e pós-treinamento domiciliar. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de variância de duas vias com medidas repetidas. Houve aumento da PImáx, PEmáx, capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo, volume minuto, volume corrente e cirtometria a nível xifoide e umbilical em ambos os grupos (pIn the aging process, the individual goes through physiological changes, especially the decline in lung function. The incentive spirometry, used in many populations, not yet makes clear the difference between the methods and the volume flow on respiratory variables in older subjects. This study aimed to compare the effects of incentive spirometry - volume and flow, on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and thoracoabdominal mobility in healthy elderly. It was a clinical trial with 48 elderly between 60 and 84 years old, randomized to the incentive spirometry by volume (n=23) or by flow (n=25). We evaluated the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and the maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), volumes and pulmonary capacities and thoracoabdominal cirtometry before and after home training. The data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. There was an increase in MIP, MEP, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second, minute volume, tidal volume and xiphoid and umbilical cirtometry level in both groups (

The maxillary lateral incisor in the rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate

This study analyzed the maintenance of lateral incisors in the dental rehabilitation of individuals with cleft lip and palate. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a tertiary craniofacial center and comprised retrospective analysis of panoramic and periapical radiographs of Caucasoid individuals with non-syndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, analyzing all radiographs available on the records of each individual, from the first to the last up to 12 years of age. Overall, 2,826 records were reviewed to achieve a sample of 1,000 individuals. Among these, 487 individuals presented the permanent lateral incisors on both cleft and non-cleft sides, which were included in this study. Results: The results were evaluated in percentages and by descriptive statistics. The association between maintenance of the lateral incisor and timing of alveolar bone graft were analyzed by the t test. Among the 487 individuals, 265 had not completed treatment, 62 presented insufficient information, and 44 concluded the treatment elsewhere. Among the remaining 116 individuals, the lateral incisor was extracted from 88 (75.86%) of them on the cleft side (CS) and from 23 (19.83%) people on the non-cleft side (NCS). The age at accomplishment of alveolar bone graft was significantly associated with maintenance of the lateral incisor on the cleft side (p<0.01). Most extractions were indicated because of the inadequate positioning on the CS and for midline correction on the NCS. Rehabilitation was primarily completed by orthodontic movement (53 individuals on the CS and 13 individuals on the NCS). Conclusion: In conclusion, the lateral incisor on the cleft side was not maintained in most individuals. Positive relationship was observed between extraction of the lateral incisor and age at accomplishment of the alveolar bone graft, suggesting the need to anticipate the initial radiographic evaluation to enhance its maintenance and reduce the procedures required for rehabilitation

INFLUÊNCIA DO CONTROLE VIROLÓGICO E TERAPIA ANTIRRETROVIRAL NA FORÇA MUSCULAR RESPIRATÓRIA EM SUJEITOS COM HIV

Objetivo: avaliar a influência do controle virológico e do uso de terapia antirretroviral (TARV) sobre a força muscular respiratória em pacientes com Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Métodos: estudo transversal com 60 sujeitos com HIV, de ambos os sexos, em uso da terapia antirretroviral há pelo menos três meses ou sem uso. Os indivíduos foram subdivididos em três grupos: com TARV e carga viral não detectável (GTCV-; n=20), com TARV e carga viral detectável (GTCV+; n=20) e sem TARV e carga viral detectável (GsTCV+; n=20). A força muscular respiratória foi mensurada com um manovacuômetro digital e os valores preditos das pressões respiratórias máximas calculados pela equação de Neder et al, 1999. Considerou-se fraqueza muscular inspiratória valores de pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx) <70% do predito. Resultados: a carga viral foi menor no GTCV+ do que no GsTCV+. A contagem de células T-CD4 foi maior no GTCV- do que nos demais. Os grupos GTCV+ (60,5 [37,1-70,5]cmH2O) e GsTCV+ (67,9 [50,3-93]cmH2O, p<0,004) apresentaram redução da pressão expiratória máxima (PEmáx) na comparação com o GTCV- (100,2 [71-121,9]cmH2O), baseado no  % do predito. Tanto o GTCV+ quanto o GsTCV+ apresentaram valores de mediana que demonstram fraqueza muscular inspiratória. Conclusões: o grupo de pacientes em uso da TARV e com carga viral não detectável apresentou maior força muscular expiratória e não foi classificado com fraqueza muscular inspiratória. Estes efeitos favoráveis da TARV e da baixa carga viral podem implicar em melhores desfechos funcionais, que devem ser testados em futuros trabalhos

Elevated serum interleukin-6 is predictive of coronary artery disease in intermediate risk overweight patients referred for coronary angiography

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a central role in atherosclerosis and infammation. It may improve risk prediction in patients at intermediate cardiovascular risk. Objective: To analyze the impact of serum IL-6 in predicting early angiographic coronary artery disease in patients at intermediate cardiovascular risk with chest pain. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, patients referred for coronary angiography due to suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) were included. Coronary artery disease was defned as the presence of at least 30% stenosis in one or more coronary artery. Severity of CAD was classifed by the anatomic burden score. Performance of serum IL-6 assay was compared with ACC/AHA atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score and hs-CRP through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: We have included 48 patients with a mean 10-year ASCVD risk of 10.0 ± 6.8%. The prevalence of CAD was 72.9%. The presence of CAD was associated with higher mean levels of IL-6 (p = 0.025). Patients with CAD had signifcantly more overweight than subjects without CAD. In 27% of patients, IL-6 was >1.0 pg/mL and 100% of these patients had CAD, while only 64% in those with IL-6 1.0 pg/mL were further reclassifed into ASCVD high risk due to the presence of coronary lesions. Conclusion: In intermediate risk patients referred for coronary angiography, a serum IL-6 level above 1 pg/mL is predictive of signifcant CAD. IL-6 determination may be useful to reclassify ASCVD intermediate risk patients into higher risk categories

Acute effects of slow, controlled breathing exercises on arterial pressure and autonomic cardiac modulation in hypertensive patients

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of slow, controlled breathing exercises (SCBE) on arterial pressure and autonomic cardiac modulation in hypertensive patients. 29 hypertensive patients were evaluation in two data collections (period between 1 to 3 days). In each evaluation, data were collected after 10 min of spontaneous breathing (between 12 and 20 breaths per minute – bpm) and 10 min of SCBE (12 bpm, in the rhythm of standardized verbal stimulus). The arterial pressure was evaluated by a multi-parameter monitor and the autonomic cardiac modulation by the rate variability technique. The SCBE reduced systolic arterial pressure (1st evaluation: -4.8 mmHg and 2nd evaluation: -4.3 mmHg), decreased sympathetic activity by 18% and modified autonomic modulation by about 50%. SCBE reduced both systolic arterial pressure and sympathetic activity and can be used in control arterial pressure of hypertensive patients

Sugarcane (Saccharum X officinarum): A Reference Study for the Regulation of Genetically Modified Cultivars in Brazil

Global interest in sugarcane has increased significantly in recent years due to its economic impact on sustainable energy production. Sugarcane breeding and better agronomic practices have contributed to a huge increase in sugarcane yield in the last 30 years. Additional increases in sugarcane yield are expected to result from the use of biotechnology tools in the near future. Genetically modified (GM) sugarcane that incorporates genes to increase resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses could play a major role in achieving this goal. However, to bring GM sugarcane to the market, it is necessary to follow a regulatory process that will evaluate the environmental and health impacts of this crop. The regulatory review process is usually accomplished through a comparison of the biology and composition of the GM cultivar and a non-GM counterpart. This review intends to provide information on non-GM sugarcane biology, genetics, breeding, agronomic management, processing, products and byproducts, as well as the current technologies used to develop GM sugarcane, with the aim of assisting regulators in the decision-making process regarding the commercial release of GM sugarcane cultivars

Identifying associations between diabetes and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: an analysis of the LUNG SAFE database

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common co-existing disease in the critically ill. Diabetes mellitus may reduce the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but data from previous studies are conflicting. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between pre-existing diabetes mellitus and ARDS in critically ill patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Methods: An ancillary analysis of a global, multi-centre prospective observational study (LUNG SAFE) was undertaken. LUNG SAFE evaluated all patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) over a 4-week period, that required mechanical ventilation and met AHRF criteria. Patients who had their AHRF fully explained by cardiac failure were excluded. Important clinical characteristics were included in a stepwise selection approach (forward and backward selection combined with a significance level of 0.05) to identify a set of independent variables associated with having ARDS at any time, developing ARDS (defined as ARDS occurring after day 2 from meeting AHRF criteria) and with hospital mortality. Furthermore, propensity score analysis was undertaken to account for the differences in baseline characteristics between patients with and without diabetes mellitus, and the association between diabetes mellitus and outcomes of interest was assessed on matched samples. Results: Of the 4107 patients with AHRF included in this study, 3022 (73.6%) patients fulfilled ARDS criteria at admission or developed ARDS during their ICU stay. Diabetes mellitus was a pre-existing co-morbidity in 913 patients (22.2% of patients with AHRF). In multivariable analysis, there was no association between diabetes mellitus and having ARDS (OR 0.93 (0.78-1.11); p = 0.39), developing ARDS late (OR 0.79 (0.54-1.15); p = 0.22), or hospital mortality in patients with ARDS (1.15 (0.93-1.42); p = 0.19). In a matched sample of patients, there was no association between diabetes mellitus and outcomes of interest. Conclusions: In a large, global observational study of patients with AHRF, no association was found between diabetes mellitus and having ARDS, developing ARDS, or outcomes from ARDS. Trial registration: NCT02010073. Registered on 12 December 2013

Spontaneous Breathing in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Insights From the Large Observational Study to UNderstand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory FailurE Study

OBJECTIVES: To describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome with or without spontaneous breathing and to investigate whether the effects of spontaneous breathing on outcome depend on acute respiratory distress syndrome severity. DESIGN: Planned secondary analysis of a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study. SETTING: International sample of 459 ICUs from 50 countries. PATIENTS: Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and at least 2 days of invasive mechanical ventilation and available data for the mode of mechanical ventilation and respiratory rate for the 2 first days. INTERVENTIONS: Analysis of patients with and without spontaneous breathing, defined by the mode of mechanical ventilation and by actual respiratory rate compared with set respiratory rate during the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spontaneous breathing was present in 67% of patients with mild acute respiratory distress syndrome, 58% of patients with moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome, and 46% of patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Patients with spontaneous breathing were older and had lower acute respiratory distress syndrome severity, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, ICU and hospital mortality, and were less likely to be diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome by clinicians. In adjusted analysis, spontaneous breathing during the first 2 days was not associated with an effect on ICU or hospital mortality (33% vs 37%; odds ratio, 1.18 [0.92-1.51]; p = 0.19 and 37% vs 41%; odds ratio, 1.18 [0.93-1.50]; p = 0.196, respectively ). Spontaneous breathing was associated with increased ventilator-free days (13 [0-22] vs 8 [0-20]; p = 0.014) and shorter duration of ICU stay (11 [6-20] vs 12 [7-22]; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous breathing is common in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome during the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation. Spontaneous breathing is not associated with worse outcomes and may hasten liberation from the ventilator and from ICU. Although these results support the use of spontaneous breathing in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome independent of acute respiratory distress syndrome severity, the use of controlled ventilation indicates a bias toward use in patients with higher disease severity. In addition, because the lack of reliable data on inspiratory effort in our study, prospective studies incorporating the magnitude of inspiratory effort and adjusting for all potential severity confounders are required