Transformation of news in digital information era

87-97Communication, publication or promotion to public can be categorised as paid news or unpaid news. Paid news represents advertorial, commercial information, promotion of products, etc., while unpaid news is information available in newspapers, magazines, websites or blogs. In line with the rapid development of ICT, social media and networking are also being used to propagate information to the public quickly. They can lead to positive impact, but certain news created/generated can lead to significant negative impacts..     In Indonesia, social media provides opportunity for public engagement apart from being a political tool to drive public opinion and social mobilisation. However, social media produces news that can be categorised as fake news and framed news, especially those that come from untrusted resources or web sites.     Fake news unquestionably delivers false facts in various fields including public understanding in science and technology. On the other hand, framed news is not always fake but leads to public misinterpretation. These phenomena enable ideological divergence among communities and have become a major concern in public communication of information. This situation challenges current internet governance, ethics and regulation in Indonesia

Pengaruh Penggunaan Garam Natrium Dan Kalium Metabisulfit Pada Mutu Sale Pisang Ambon

Techniques of improving the colour, aroma, texture and storage life of pisang sale or dried banana (Musa paradisiacal was conducted through sulphiting and drying. In this study, the sulphiting of ball all a fruit was done by soaking the fruit in O.S% sodium meta bisulfite solution (NazSzOs) or O.S% potasium metabisulfite solution (K2S2O5) for five minutes. Dehydration was conducted at 6O°C for 44 hours in a tray dryer. The dried banana was put in plastic bag of O.5 mm film thickness and stored in a rack covered with transparent plastic film at ambient temperature (25° ± 2°C) and relative humidity of ±70%. The experiment was done using random block design. Analysis of the dried banana products included chemical, microbiological an d organoleptic methods after storage for one day, three weeks, six weeks and 12 weeks. The results indicated that the artificial drying coupled with the metablsulphite treatment could improve the quality and shelf life of the dried banan a produced. The product quality characteristics include: water content (23-27%), total reducing sugar (41-49%), SO2 (3-S fpm), color/optical density (0,3-0,7); and total colony count (7-7.5 x 10(3)) per gram sample for the products stored up to 12 weeks

Patchouli Oil Production for Fixative Aromatheraphy: A Case Study Design of Condenser for Steam Distillation

Patchouli oil is an important material for aromatherapy industries and made from patchouli leaves by steam distillation. The important parts of steam distillation is condenser. The problem is process of farmer's patchouli based on experience not used chemical process of steam distillation cause not effective and efficient. The study was designed of condensers on steam distillation for patchouli leaves. Specification of condenser type is shell and tube, stainless steel material and water as coolant. Tubing sized is ¼ inch with 500 mm of length and 24 pieces. Shell measuring 2.5 inch and 600 mm of length. The performance of condenser gave the efficiency at 94.51%. The process condition of ratio stems to leaves is 5:6 and 4.5 hours was considered ideal for steam distillation. The used of energy is lowest cause the efficiency condenser and yield will be higher. Patchouli oil yield of 2.39% and patchouli alcohol content is 35.65%

Simple Purification of Vetiver Oil by Multiglass Plate System for Quality Improvement

Vetiver oil is one of essential oil from Indonesia which no synthetic substitute is available. The drawback of vetiver oil from Indonesia is smoky odor and dark appearance. To increase added value of Indonesian vetiver oil, therefore it is need method with cheap production, simple and easy to operate. Multiglass plate system (MGS) is one method to increase added value of vetiver oil. The aim of this research is to improve the vetiver oil quality in terms of appearance, odor and the physicochemical properties by MGS method and also optimize the operation condition on the vetiver oil yield and total vetiverol contents. The process parameters used on this research are to optimize the flow rate, angular and amount of glass plate. As a result, was obtained the optimum condition in 0.38 ml/sec of flow rate, 3o of glass plate angular and 5 of glass plate to increase 15% of total vetiverol contents, while the yields decreased until 5.6%. Refined vetiver oil by MGS are almost meet fulfill with Indonesia National Standard number 06-2386-2006 except total vetiverol contents and odor. Even though, the total vetiverol content increased and the odor became slightly smoky compare to raw material. Based on the results, MGS method can give higher purification of vetiverol of increase vetiver oil quality with easy to handle, low cost operation and also can moved to anywhere due to portable unit and mobile system

CONVERSION OF (±)-CITRONELLAL AND ITS DERIVATIVES TO (-)-MENTHOL USING BIFUNCTIONAL NICKEL ZEOLITE CATALYSTS

(±)-Citronellal and its derivatives were converted to (-)-menthol by a one-pot reaction system using zeolite based nickel catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by immobilization of nickel on natural zeolite (NZ) or synthetic zeolite (ZSM-5) by a simple cation exchange method. Calcination and hydrogen treatment procedures were able to significantly increase the surface area and pore volume of NZ based catalysts whereas negligible changes in the properties were observed for that of ZSM-5. Catalytic reactions were carried out at 70ºC by stirring the mixture in the air for cyclization of (±)-citronellal to (±)-isopulegol followed by hydrogenation towards the desired (-)-menthol at 2 Mpa of H2 pressure. The Ni/NZ catalyst was able to convert a (±)-citronellal derivative yielding 9% (-)-menthol (36% selectivity) with conversion up to 24%, whereas Ni/ZSM5 catalyst directly converted 65% (±)-citronellal to give 4% menthol (6% selectivity). These zeolite based catalysts are therefore potential materials for the conversion of biomass feed stock to value-added chemicals

Innovation Readiness Assessment toward Research Commercialization: Case of Surfactants for Food Processing

Determining the readiness of research toward commercialization becomes significant issues encountered by the institution working on research, innovation and technology development. Particularly in food processing area, the issue is much more involving other aspects aside from technological matter, hence, an assessment tool should be consider these aspects altogether to capture integrated perspective. This study explored the use of Innovation Readiness Level to measures the maturity of research from the perspective of technology, market, organization, partnership and risk. Case of surfactant researches in the Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences will be deployed as examples of study. According to the assessment, it has been obtained the surfactant recommended for further development towards commercialization of R & D results for food processing, i.e. Glycerol Mono Stearate (GMS), which has reached the level of IRL 3. This finding resulted some implications for improvements strategies to foster the research toward commercialization

PEMISAHAN SITRONELAL DARI MINYAK SEREH WANGI MENGGUNAKAN UNIT FRAKSIONASI SKALA BENCH

ABSTRACTIsolation of citronellal from citronella oil has been studied by using bench scale (2-6 L) fractionation unit. The column used has packed with 120 stages and equipped with a reflux unit. The separation processes were based on temperature, the variation of vacuum pressure 40, 60, 80 mmHg and reflux ratio 10:10, 20:10, 30:10. The optimum condition was obtained at reflux ratio 20:10 and vacuum pressure 60 mmHg with yield of 41.33%. Chromatography analysis showed that isolate has citronellal content about 96.103%.  Keyword: citronella oil, citronellal, fractionatio

PEMISAHAN SITRONELAL DARI MINYAK SEREH WANGI MENGGUNAKAN UNIT FRAKSIONASI SKALA BENCH

ABSTRACTIsolation of citronellal from citronella oil has been studied by using bench scale (2-6 L) fractionation unit. The column used has packed with 120 stages and equipped with a reflux unit. The separation processes were based on temperature, the variation of vacuum pressure 40, 60, 80 mmHg and reflux ratio 10:10, 20:10, 30:10. The optimum condition was obtained at reflux ratio 20:10 and vacuum pressure 60 mmHg with yield of 41.33%. Chromatography analysis showed that isolate has citronellal content about 96.103%.  Keyword: citronella oil, citronellal, fractionatio