DNA DAMAGE IN CANINE TRANSMISSIBLE VENEREAL TUMOR CELLS

The Transmissible Venereal Tumor (TVT) has been classified according to the predominant cell type as follows: lymphocytoid, plasmocytoid, and mixed. Various degrees of aggressiveness with large array of biological behaviour have been described according to the TVT cell lineages, the present study was designed to investigate the level of DNA damage in the three TVT cell types aiming a better understanding of mechanisms related to the aggressiveness of this neoplasia. A total of 35 dogs were evaluated, with no restriction regarding sex, age or breed, and with clinical and cytological diagnoses for TVT. Cell samples from the 35 tumoral neoplasmas were obtained by fine needle aspiration and taken to cytology and DNA damage analysis by the comet assay. From the 35 TVT cases, 12 (34.3%) were plasmocytoid, 11 (31.4%) lymphocytoid, and 12 (34.3%) mixed. Statistically significant (p<0.05) higher level of DNA damage was detected in lymphocytoid TVT cells when compared to the other two types

O uso de contraceptivos orais associados ao desenvolvimento de acidente vascular encefálico (AVE): revisão sistemática

Introdução: Os COCs são esteróides compostos por associação de estrogênio e progestágeno. As novas formulações desses métodos, mantém o risco aumentado para o AVE (condição patológica caracterizada por perda súbita da função neurológica). É relevante investigar o impacto de sua utilização no desenvolvimento desse evento. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre o uso de contraceptivos orais e o risco acidente vascular encefálico (AVE). Metodologia: Estudo de revisão sistemática elaborada segundo o modelo PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Foram analisados artigos com estudos publicados no período de Janeiro de 2016 até Dezembro 2022. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos, tese, estudos de caso, estudo transversal e de coorte. Foram excluídos artigos de opinião, além de artigos em outros idiomas que não sejam português, espanhol e inglês. Resultados: Os contraceptivos orais, são uma forma amplamente utilizada de contracepção. No entanto, há evidências que sugerem que eles podem estar associados a um risco aumentado de AVC. O aumento do risco de acidente vascular cerebral com o uso de contraceptivos orais se deva ao componente estrogênio da pílula. Conclusão: Os contraceptivos orais são geralmente seguros e eficazes, mas apresentam riscos, como aumento do risco de derrame, especialmente em mulheres que apresentam outros fatores de risco, como tabagismo, pressão alta, obesidade, diabetes e histórico pessoal ou familiar de derrame ou doença cardíaca. Estrogênio em altas doses aumentam o risco de derrame, mas mesmo as pílulas contendo doses baixas podem aumentar o risco para mulheres com fatores de risco

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost