Analiza antropologiczna materiału kostnego z wykopów nr 69 i 70 ze stanowiska Poznań-Ostrów Tumski 9/10

The purpose of this study was to estimate the sex, age structure and minimum number of individuals (MNI) of human skeletal remains found in trenches number 69 and 70 located in St Mary’s Church in Ostrów Tumski. A new methodology had to be created as a consequence of bone fragmentation and the absence of preserved anatomical system. The lower limit of the group was obtained by adding the number of particular bones found in their entirety to the number of ends of the same bone. Sex and age were determined on the basis of skulls. The best quantitative indicators for adult vs immature status were femurs. Somewhat less useful was tibias. Based on the new methodology, the MNI for excavation no. 69 was 17 adult, 6 immature; for in excavation no. 70, 229 adult, 17 immature. Femurs and tibias were distinguished by the best state of preservation due to their robustness and characteristic anatomical structure, which facilitated the identification of even small elements. The disadvantage of this research was that only the lower limit of the group could be determined

The Metrological Research of Machu Picchu Settlement: Application of a Cosine Quantogram Method for 3D Laser Data

The purpose of this research is to look for a basic unit or units of measure (quantum), the multiplication of which would help delineate the outline of Inca settlements such as Machu Picchu. By making use of the statistical method developed by D. G. Kendall, the cosine quantogram, and dealing with data acquired through 3D laser scanning, we can answer the question about Inca imperial measurement system. Based on length measurements from the construction level of niches, we can conclude that an imperial system of measure existed. Three basic units of design were used in different ranks and functions of the building, as follows: 0.20 m; 0.41 m; 0.54 m

3D Models of Architectural Remains in Archaeological Context: Visualisation as a Tool in Interdisciplinary Research of the Polish Archaeological Mission in Kato Paphos on Cyprus

The aim of the paper is to present the usage of different methods for obtaining 3D virtual models in order to document and better understand features of various kinds of data collected during excavations of the Polish Archaeological Mission of the University of Warsaw at Kato Paphos in Cyprus. During several recent seasons of excavations we tested a few methods of generating 3D spatial data, among others the image-based modelling and the structured light 3D scanner. As an interdisciplinary group of architects and archaeologists we used them for different kinds of objects: from relatively small pieces of architectural details and sculpture (e.g. fragments of columns, cornices, altars, etc.), through archaeological trenches to fragments of bigger structures and edifices. Most of the objects, independently of their size and scale, belonged to architectural remains. The comparison of methods and workflows with spatial data on the field helped us to find the best solution for multidisciplinary studies on the archaeological site of the Greek and Roman residential settlement in Kato Paphos

Exploring the Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Dry Eye Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Introduction Dry eye syndrome, as defined by TFOS, is a multifactorial ocular surface disease with tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and neuro-sensory abnormalities. With a prevalence between 6.5% and 52.4%, it poses a substantial public health challenge, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation is often suggested by clinicians as an adjunctive treatment, offering potential benefits across various levels.   Aim of the study The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Materials and methods Literature selections of PubMed and Google Scholar databases from the last seven years (2016-2023) were performed. Articles were searched in English using the following keywords: dry eye disease; omega-3; fatty acid. Results Omega-3 fatty acids may have benefits in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, as argued by a number of potential mechanisms of action. However, the literature does not agree on the efficacy of their use in the treatment of dry eye syndrome, and thus there is insufficient evidence to bring omega-3 acids into the standard of treatment for dry eye syndrome. Conclusion Studies on the effect of oral supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids on the treatment of dry eye syndrome are at an early stage and need to be continued to improve knowledge. There is a need for further long-term studies to standardize conclusions about the efficacy of these acids in reducing dry eye symptoms

Thyroid Response to Mercury: Varied Effects on Function and Structure - A Review of the Latest Research

Introduction In the current era of burgeoning industry, our exposure to various detrimental environmental factors, including mercury, has become increasingly prevalent. Recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most significant threats to public health, mercury induces a multitude of harmful effects on the entire body. Our focus in this article will be directed towards examining the specific impact of mercury on the thyroid. Purpose of the study The purpose of the study was to review the latest literature on the effects of mercury on the thyroid gland. Materials and Methodology Literature selections of medical databases PubMed and Google Scholar from the last six years (2017-2023) were performed. Articles were searched in English using the following key words: mercury, thyroid. Results Research consistently confirms mercury accumulation in thyroid cells, increasing with age. Mercury exposure influences thyroid function, raising the risk of hormonal issues and potential thyroid cancer. It also interacts with other elements, compounding adverse effects on the thyroid. Conclusion Presently, there is a limited number of studies specifically addressing the effects of mercury on the human thyroid gland. Consequently, it is probable that the full spectrum of its impacts on the thyroid has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Further research is imperative to delve into this subject comprehensively. Additionally, there is an urgent call for initiatives aimed at enhancing public awareness regarding the sources of mercury in the environment and food, along with strategies to mitigate exposure to this harmful substance

Poetyckie konkretyzacje zmysłów w wierszach Cypriana Norwida

Praca doktorska zbiera analogie i zależności na temat wiedzy dotyczącej zmysłowych konkretyzacji w wierszach Cypriana Norwida. Prace na poszczególnych etapach wykazały, że zmysły w tej poezji wzajemnie się uzupełniają. Ważną kwestią było omówienie zjawiska synestezji, łączenia różnych doznań zmysłowych. Obecność zmysłowych tematów w twórczości Norwida jest dowodem ogromnej wrażliwości sensorycznej autora "Promethidiona". Zmysłowe odniesienia wskazują na symboliczny sens i premodernistyczny charakter jego poezji.The subject of dissertation is: The substantiation of senses in the lyrics of Cyprian Norwid. The results of my research have supported the thesis that senses play a crucial role in Norwid’s poetic works, particularly in his lyrics. In my dissertation I discuss the relationship between the sensory and the extrasensory in Norwid’s lyrics. At different stages of my research studies I have tried to prove the statement that senses in Norwid’s poetry are inter complementary. An important issue was the discussion of synesthesia, a phenomenon of combining different sensory experiences. The frequent references to senses is the evidence for the powerful sensory sensitivity in Norwid’s poetry. The way the poet exploits the five senses indicates the symbolic, pre-modernistic nature of his poetry as well as its unique character

Traumatic instability in the knee joint due to an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in a 23-year-old athlete

 Introduction  In this paper, we aim to present an analysis of the diagnostic, therapeutic, and rehabilitation procedures in a 23-year-old athlete with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The study includes the patient's medical history, circumstances of the injury, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures applied, as well as the course of postoperative rehabilitation. Objective  The objective of our study is to present the anatomy of the ACL, the typical mechanism of injury, and diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. Methods  This is a retrospective study. The medical documentation and imaging studies were subjected to analysis. The analysis was complemented by a literature review based on publications in the English-language PubMed database. Results  The case involves a 23-year-old soccer player with an isolated ACL injury in the right knee joint. The case analysis highlights the challenges related to diagnosis and decision-making regarding therapeutic procedures. ACL reconstruction using the STG method and lateral tenodesis with the iliotibial band in combination with postoperative rehabilitation resulted in a positive outcome in terms of knee joint stability and return to sports. Conclusions  The review of this medical case underscores the importance of a personalized approach to each patient with an ACL injury, taking into account age, level of physical activity, and coexisting injuries within the knee joint. This allows for the correct decision on the best treatment method for the patient, facilitating a return to sports and minimizing the risk of complications

Wtórna prewencja kardiologiczna u pacjentów po przebytym zawale serca

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Poland. About 10% of all deaths from cardiovascular diseases are deaths from myocardial infarction. Due to high mortality of cardiovascular diseases it is a major public health challenge. Although currently used modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods allow quick diagnosis and effective treatment of patients with myocardial infarction, area of secondary prevention is still deficient. Secondary prevention involves comprehensive care provided to patient by an interdisciplinary team (cardiologist, physiotherapist, nurse, psychologist and nutritionist). The model involves a comprehensive impact on pharmacotherapy compliance, reduction of exposure to risk factors and modificationof adverse health behaviors.it includesalso health education. An integral part of the model is physical exercise program. Comprehensive prevention programs are the most effective way to reduce mortality from cardiovascular diseases.Choroby układu sercowo-naczyniowego (CVD) są najczęstszą przyczyną zgonów w Polsce. Spośród wszystkich zgonów z powodów sercowo-naczyniowych zgony wywołane zawałem serca (MI) stanowią około 10%. Ze względu na wysoką śmiertelność prewencja CVD stanowi duże wyzwanie dla zdrowia publicznego. Choć stosowane obecnie, nowoczesne metody diagnostyczne i lecznicze pozwalają na szybkie rozpoznanie i skuteczne leczenie chorych z MI, to deficytowy pozostaje obszar związany z prewencją wtórną. Polega ona na objęciu chorego kompleksową opieką specjalistyczną przez interdyscyplinarny zespół (lekarz kardiolog, fizjoterapeuta, pielęgniarka, psycholog oraz dietetyk). W tym modelu przewiduje się kompleksowe oddziaływanie w zakresie stosowania się pacjenta do farmakoterapii, redukcji narażenia na czynniki ryzyka i modyfikacji niekorzystnych zachowań zdrowotnych, a także edukację zdrowotną. Integralną częścią modelu jest program ćwiczeń fizycznych. Kompleksowe programy prewencji stanowią najskuteczniejszy sposób zmniejszenia umieralności z powodu CVD

The Sleep Microbiome: Insights into Probiotics and Sleep Health

Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) defines probiotics as "live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host." A number of scientific reports show that their effects extend beyond the immune and gastrointestinal systems, and that poor sleep quality and insomnia are an increasingly important social problem. Studies indicate that 30-50% of adults experience sleep problems. Sleep deficiencies are associated with higher rates of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, mental health disorders and increased risk of death. One promising way to help treat sleep problems is through the use of probiotics. Interaction through the gut-brain axis suggests that altering the gut microbiota may become a useful tool for improving sleep quality. Aim of the study The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effectiveness of probiotics in improving sleep quality and treating insomnia. Materials and Methodology PubMed and Google Scholar databases were analyzed. Articles were searched in English using the following keywords: probiotics; sleep quality. Results Probiotics resulted in a favorable cumulative effect on sleep quality as measured by the PSQI global questionnaire and a statistically significant positive effect on at least one of the components characterizing sleep quality (i.e., sleep latency, sleep length, sleep disturbance, daytime sleepiness). They allow to maintain a high percentage of slow-wave sleep, despite stressors, and indirectly affect sleep quality in athletes by reducing muscle soreness. Conclusion The results of studies to date indicate that probiotics are an effective, safe and clinically sound adjunctive method for improving sleep quality and treating insomnia. However, these studies are at an early stage and require further efforts using larger research groups