Täiskasvanute vaktsineerimisega seotud tegurid Eestis

https://www.ester.ee/record=b535941

User-centred quality of UI interventions aiming to influence online news commenting behaviour

While HCI literature offers general frameworks for understanding user-centred quality, specific application areas may call for more detailed contextualisation of it. This paper focuses on socio-technical context of online news commenting by investigating speculative UI interventions intended to influence users’ emotions and social behaviour. To understand the aspects of quality that matter to users in such UI interventions, we conducted an international online survey (N = 439) and qualitatively analysed respondents’ first impressions of eight different design proposals. The findings describe contextually relevant socio-technical viewpoints and offer actionable considerations for design. For example, the findings imply that designers should be mindful of possible unintentional misuse that may result from the UI reinforcing specific emotional states or affording stigmatisation of individual users. The study advances understanding of which aspects of quality should be considered when designing and deploying UI interventions for digital media services and evaluating them with potential end-users.publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Online Survey on Novel Designs for Supporting Self-Reflection and Emotion Regulation in Online News Commenting

publishedVersionPeer reviewe

Tunteiden, teknologian ja journalismin ristipaineessa: Verkkokommentoinnin moderointi suomalaisissa uutistoimituksissa

Uutisten verkkokommentoinnin kielteistä ilmapiiriä ja asiattomia kommentteja pidetään vakavana, julkisen keskustelun laatua heikentävänä ongelmana. Keskustelujen moderointia pidetään yleisesti hyvänä tapana puuttua asiattomuuksiin, mutta sen nykyiset keinot koetaan riittämättömiksi, olipa kyse tietokoneohjelmista tai ihmisten tekemästä moderointityöstä. Artikkelissa esittelemme uutiskommenttien moderointia käsittelevää aikaisempaa tutkimusta sekä tarkastelemme aihetta empiirisesti analysoimalla viittä eri mediataloa edustavan suomalaisen media-alan ammattilaisen näkemyksiä ja kokemuksia verkkokommenttien moderoinnista, keskittyen erityisesti kommenteissa esiintyvien tunteiden rooliin. Analyysin pohjalta kommenteista ja niiden moderoinnista piirtyy ristiriitainen kuva. Yhtäältä kommentteja arvostetaan yleisön osallistumisen muotona ja niiden tunnesisällön koetaan lisäävän keskustelun vetovoimaa. Toisaalta moderointi koetaan vaivalloisena ja journalistisesta perustyöstä erillisenä tehtävänä ja kommentit liian negatiivisina. Myös moderoinnin ja journalismin vaaliman ilmaisunvapauden suhde näyttäytyy jännitteisenä. Tietokoneavusteinen moderointi puolestaan koetaan hyödylliseksi, mutta sitä pidetään myös epätarkkana. Näitä havaintoja vasten pohdimme, millaista uutiskommenttien moderointi voisi tulevaisuudessa olla suomalaisella mediakentällä. Esitämme, että tehokkuutta tavoittelevan moderoinnin lisäksi käytössä olisi hyvä olla keinoja, jotka tarttuvat asiattomaan kommentoitiin pehmeämmin kuin sisältöä poistamalla

Emotionally toned online discussions evoke subjectively experienced emotional responses

acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Applying Critical Voice in Design of User Interfaces for Supporting Self-Reflection and Emotion Regulation in Online News Commenting

On digital media services, uncivil commenting is a persistent issue causing negative emotional reactions. One enabler for such problematic behavior is the user interface, conditioning, and structuring text-based communication online. However, the specific roles and influences of UIs are little understood, which calls for critical analysis of the current UI solutions as well as speculative exploration of alternative designs. This paper reports a research-through-design study on the problematic phenomenon regarding uncivil and inconsiderate commenting on online news, envisioning unconventional solutions with a critical voice. We unpack this problem area and outline critical perspectives to possible solutions by describing and analyzing four designs that propose to support emotion regulation by facilitating self-reflection. The design choices are further discussed in respect to interviews of ten news media experts. The findings are reflected against the question of how can critique meaningfully manifest in this challenging problem area.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Validity of five foot and ankle specific electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) instruments in patients undergoing elective orthopedic foot or ankle surgery

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROS) are widely accepted measures for evaluating outcomes of surgical interventions. As patient-reported information is stored in electronic health records, it is essential that there are valid electronic PRO (ePRO) instruments available for clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of electronic versions of five widely used foot and ankle specific PRO instruments. Methods: Altogether 111 consecutive elective foot/ankle surgery patients were invited face-to-face to participate in this study. Patients completed electronic versions of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), the modified Lower Extremity Function Scale (LEFS), the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ), and the Visual Analogue Scale Foot and Ankle (VAS-FA) on the day of elective foot and/or ankle surgery. Construct validity, coverage, and targeting of the scales were assessed. Results: Based on general and predefined thresholds, construct validity, coverage, and targeting of the ePRO versions of the FAAM, the FAOS, the MOXFQ, and the VAS-FA were acceptable. Major issues arose with score distribution and convergent validity of the modified LEFS instrument. Conclusions: The ePRO versions of the FAAM, the FAOS, the MOXFQ and the VAS-FA provide valid scores for foot and ankle patients. However, our findings do not support the use of the modified LEFS as an electronic outcome measure for patients with orthopedic foot and/or ankle pathologies. (C) 2020 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Vrak och skeppsbrott

Vrak och skeppsbrott Innehållsförteckning – Inledaren: Idioti som kan föra skärgården på grund av Pia Prost och Nina Söderlund – Vrak i Finland Anna Moa Westerlund-Rönnberg – Vrak som hobby av Risto Sajaniemi – På dykresa i Skärgårdshavet av Pia Prost och Erik Saanila – Alfred – det kungliga vraket av Johnny Strömborg och Erik Saanila – Skeppsbrott och vrakplundring på medeltida Östersjön av Mikko Huhtamies – Vrak i åländska vatten av Marcus Lindholm – Champagnegaleasen av Kristin Ilves – Vrakturism inom projektet BALTACAR av Pernilla Flyg – Vrakpark vid Gråhara i Finska vikens stora grav av Thure Malmberg – Tsaren på grund av Anders Moliis-Mellberg – I Östersjöns stenigaste farvatten av Iris Sjöberg – Vraken ger platserna själ av Carola Sundqvist – Stolta minnen och förälskade sjömän av Cecilia Lundberg – Bomans på Tornskär av Pia Prost – Gustavsvärns historia av Thure Malmberg – Människan och havet av Anna Törnroos-Remes & Nina Tynkkynen – Vinden Drar – 34 år med nordiska allmogebåtar av Bosse Mellberg – Världsarvsporten har öppnats av Pia Prost – Skärinytt – Sista bilden av Julia Ajank

Histone H3.3 beyond cancer: Germline mutations in Histone 3 Family 3A and 3B cause a previously unidentified neurodegenerative disorder in 46 patients

Although somatic mutations in Histone 3.3 (H3.3) are well-studied drivers of oncogenesis, the role of germline mutations remains unreported. We analyze 46 patients bearing de novo germline mutations in histone 3 family 3A (H3F3A) or H3F3B with progressive neurologic dysfunction and congenital anomalies without malignancies. Molecular modeling of all 37 variants demonstrated clear disruptions in interactions with DNA, other histones, and histone chaperone proteins. Patient histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) analysis revealed notably aberrant local PTM patterns distinct from the somatic lysine mutations that cause global PTM dysregulation. RNA sequencing on patient cells demonstrated up-regulated gene expression related to mitosis and cell division, and cellular assays confirmed an increased proliferative capacity. A zebrafish model showed craniofacial anomalies and a defect in Foxd3-derived glia. These data suggest that the mechanism of germline mutations are distinct from cancer-associated somatic histone mutations but may converge on control of cell proliferation

INTERDEPENDENCE AND INTERVENTION: NEWS ORGANIZATIONS’ CONTRADICTORY RELATIONSHIP WITH ONLINE COMMENTS

Online news comments are intended to cultivate an interdependent relationship between news organizations and their audiences. However, uncivil online comments have become a persistent problem that requires constant intervention through moderation. In this paper, to better understand these interventions, we analyze interviews of eleven managers of online comments of large Finnish news organizations. By exploring the views of journalistic managers of moderation, this study contributes new insights to the discussion about online content moderation, as previous research has focused more on social media platforms and moderators. Our results suggest that the managers have a complex relationship with comments. They would like to see more engaging comments but were also frustrated with the continuous need to moderate the comments. The managers also expressed concern that uncivil comments keep more constructive commenters from participating, thus harming the audience relationship. Organizations tend to outsource moderation to third parties or automated moderation, as moderation is often seen as time-consuming and outside of the core work of journalists. However, the managers were not satisfied with outsourced or automated moderation, mainly because of a lack in contextual knowledge, as also noted in previous research. Reflecting previous literature, our results suggest that some aspects of uncivil commenting may require alternative approaches to moderation altogether. For example, some managers suggested replacing comments with other means of interaction. To address the inherent contradictions in online news comment moderation, we advocate a view that focuses on cultivating and rewarding civil comments instead of deleting and punishing for uncivil comments