Collecting Race, Ethnicity, and Language Data to Identify and Reduce Health Disparities: Perceptions of Health Plan Enrollees

Abstract available at publisher's website

As possibilidades de uso de ferramentas da informática: software para análise de dados qualitativos e ISD

O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e discutir possibilidades de uso de software de análise de dados qualitativos no quadro dos procedimentos propostos pelo ISD (interacionismo sociodiscursivo) com ênfase nos softwares livres e/ou em versões gratuitas. Faz-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso de software para análise de dados qualitativos na área das ciências sociais e humanas, com foco especial na área de estudos da linguagem. Destacam- se as funções oferecidas por algumas ferramentas entre elas, WeftQDA, MLCT, Yoshikoder e Tropes. Dentre esses, detalha-se o Tropes por suas funções relativas a análise semântica e de elementos lingüísticos, tais como tipos de verbo, modalizações, etc. Embora a tentativa de automatizar uma análise inteiramente baseada nos procedimentos do ISD seja inviável em termos absolutos, os programas mostram-se poderosos auxiliares para a análise de questões específicas. Parece importante ainda conhecer e utilizar diferentes programas para se obter uma visão diversificada sobre os dados analisados. Cabe ao pesquisador ser crítico da análise produzida pelo computador. Palavras-chave: análise de dados qualitativos, software, análise de texto, análise de discurso, interacionismo sóciodiscursivo, Tropes, CAQDA

As possibilidades de uso de ferramentas da informática: software para análise de dados qualitativos e ISD

The objective of the present article is to identify and discuss the possibilities of using qualitative data analysis software in the framework of procedures proposed by SDI (socio-discursive interactionism), emphasizing free distribuited software or free versions of commercial software. A literature review of software for qualitative data analysis in the area of social sciences and humanities, focusing on language studies is presented. Some tools, such as: WeftQDA, MLCT, Yoshikoder and Tropes are examined with their respective features and functions. The software called Tropes is examined in more detail because of its particular relation with language and semantic analysis, as well as its embeded classification of linguistic elements such as, types of verbs, adjectives, modalizations, etc. Although trying to completely automate an SDI based analysis is not feasible, the programs appear to be powerful helpers in analyzing specific questions. Still, it seems important to be familiar with software options and use different applications in order to obtain a more diversified vision of the data. It is up to the researcher to be critical of the analysis provided by the machine. Key words: qualitative data analysis, software, text analysis, discourse analysis, sociodiscursive interactionism, CAQDA.O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e discutir possibilidades de uso de software de análise de dados qualitativos no quadro dos procedimentos propostos pelo ISD (interacionismo sociodiscursivo) com ênfase nos softwares livres e/ou em versões gratuitas. Faz-se uma revisão da literatura sobre o uso de software para análise de dados qualitativos na área das ciências sociais e humanas, com foco especial na área de estudos da linguagem. Destacam- se as funções oferecidas por algumas ferramentas entre elas, WeftQDA, MLCT, Yoshikoder e Tropes. Dentre esses, detalha-se o Tropes por suas funções relativas a análise semântica e de elementos lingüísticos, tais como tipos de verbo, modalizações, etc. Embora a tentativa de automatizar uma análise inteiramente baseada nos procedimentos do ISD seja inviável em termos absolutos, os programas mostram-se poderosos auxiliares para a análise de questões específicas. Parece importante ainda conhecer e utilizar diferentes programas para se obter uma visão diversificada sobre os dados analisados. Cabe ao pesquisador ser crítico da análise produzida pelo computador. Palavras-chave: análise de dados qualitativos, software, análise de texto, análise de discurso, interacionismo sóciodiscursivo, Tropes, CAQDA

Sobre os ofícios (τέχναι), trabalhos e profissões. Artemidoro de Daldis, Oneirokritika Livro I, Capítulo 51.1 a 52.18, uma tradução para o português brasileiro

Tradução e comentário do Livro I da Oneirokritika, de Artemidoro de Daldis, Capítulos 51.1 a 52.18

Effects of social and outcome expectancies on hazardous drinking among Chinese university students: The mediating role of drinking motivations

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.Background and Objectives: Based on the theory of reasoned action, the present study investigated the relative effects of drinking outcome expectancies and parental norms, as well as the mediating effect of drinking motivations, on hazardous drinking in Chinese university students. Method: A sample of Chinese university students in Hong Kong and Macao (N = 973, M=19.82, SD=1.57, 48.9% males), who reported drinking in the past 3 months, voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire. Path analysis was used to test the effects of the variables on hazardous drinking. Results: All the psychosocial variables showed positive correlations with hazardous drinking. In the path model, controlling for sex, parental norms had both direct and indirect effects on hazardous drinking through social and enhancement motivations. Courage had the strongest indirect effect on drinking behavior through social, enhancement, and coping motivations, whereas the relationship between tension reduction and hazardous drinking was mediated by enhancement and coping motivations. Sociality and sexuality only had indirect effect through social and coping motivations respectively. Negative outcome expectancies had no direct nor indirect effects on hazardous drinking. Conclusions: Perceived approval from parents and positive alcohol outcome expectancies may enhance individuals’ tendency to engage in hazardous drinking by increasing their motivation to drink to be social, for enjoyment, and to cope with problems. Parents should explicitly show their disapproval of their children’s drinking, and education efforts should focus on decreasing positive outcome expectancies and associated motivations for drinking among Chinese university students

Microbial metagenomic approach uncovers the first rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus genome in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD) causes high morbidity and mortality in rabbits and hares. Here, we report the first genomic characterization of lagovirus GI.2 virus in domestic rabbits from sub-Saharan Africa. We used an unbiased microbial metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) approach to diagnose the pathogen causing the suspected outbreak of RHD in Ibadan, Nigeria. The liver, spleen, and lung samples of five rabbits from an outbreak in 2 farms were analyzed. The mNGS revealed one full and two partial RHDV2 genomes on both farms. Phylogenetic analysis showed close clustering with RHDV2 lineages from Europe (98.6% similarity with RHDV2 in the Netherlands, and 99.1 to 100% identity with RHDV2 in Germany), suggesting potential importation. Subsequently, all the samples were confirmed by RHDV virus-specific RT-PCR targeting the VP60 gene with the expected band size of 398 bp for the five rabbits sampled. Our findings highlight the need for increased genomic surveillance of RHDV2 to track its origin, understand its diversity and to inform public health policy in Nigeria, and Sub-Saharan Africa

Reliability, Validity, and Cut Scores of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) for Chinese

We examined the reliability, validity, and classification accuracy of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) when adopted for use in Chinese. The DSM-IV criteria for pathological gambling served as the standard against which the classification accuracy of the SOGS was tested. A total of 283 Chinese adults in the community and 94 Chinese treatment-seeking gamblers were recruited. The internal reliability of the SOGS was satisfactory for the general sample and acceptable for the gambling sample. The SOGS was correlated with the DSM-IV criteria items as well as psychosocial and gambling-related problems. Relative to the DSM-IV criteria, the SOGS tended to overestimate the number of pathological gamblers in both samples. In general, we were relatively confident that individuals were not pathological gamblers if the SOGS scores were between 0 and 4 and were pathological gamblers if the SOGS were between 11 and 20. There was about 50–50 chance of being pathological gamblers if the SOGS scores were between 8 and 10. However, the probability of individuals being pathological gamblers was about 0.30 if the SOGS scores were between 5 and 7. We proposed a SOGS cut score of 8 to screen for probable pathological gambling in Chinese societies

Urgent need for a non-discriminatory and non-stigmatizing nomenclature for monkeypox virus

Free PMC article: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9451062/We propose a novel, non-discriminatory classification of monkeypox virus diversity. Together with the World Health Organization, we named three clades (I, IIa and IIb) in order of detection. Within IIb, the cause of the current global outbreak, we identified multiple lineages (A.1, A.2, A.1.1 and B.1) to support real-time genomic surveillance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Policy and prevention approaches for disordered and hazardous gaming and internet use: an international perspective

Problems related to high levels of gaming and Internet usage are increasingly recognized as a potential public health burden across the developed world. The aim of this review was to present an international perspective on prevention strategies for Internet gaming disorder and related health conditions (e.g., Internet addiction), as well as hazardous gaming and Internet use. A systematic review of quantitative research evidence was conducted, followed by a search of governmental reports, policy and position statements, and health guidelines in the last decade. The regional scope included the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, China, Germany, Japan, and South Korea. Prevention studies have mainly involved school-based programs to train healthier Internet use habits in adolescents. The efficacy of selective prevention is promising but warrants further empirical attention. On an international scale, the formal recognition of gaming or Internet use as a disorder or as having quantifiable harms at certain levels of usage has been foundational to developing structured prevention responses. The South Korean model, in particular, is an exemplar of a coordinated response to a public health threat, with extensive government initiatives and long-term strategic plans at all three levels of prevention (i.e., universal, selective, and indicated). Western regions, by comparison, are dominated by prevention approaches led by non-profit organizations and private enterprise. The future of prevention of gaming and Internet problems ultimately relies upon all stakeholders working collaboratively in the public interest, confronting the reality of the evidence base and developing practical, ethical, and sustainable countermeasures

A year of genomic surveillance reveals how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic unfolded in Africa

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