Luis Enrique Sepúlveda, coleccionista de imágenes y desencanto

Presentación de los dibujos de Luis Enrique Sepúlveda

Segmentación de líneas de texto en documentos manuscritos antiguos independiente del lenguaje

Hasta el momento no se ha utilizado todo el conocimiento que hay en los manuscritos antiguos debido a que reconocimiento de texto manuscrito aún no cuenta con métodos robustos para esta tarea. El primer problema de los métodos para el reconocimiento de texto manuscrito es que requieren que el texto se encuentre dividido en líneas. Los métodos actuales para la segmentación de líneas de texto manuscrito no han sido optimizados para trabajar con manuscritos antiguos. La primera etapa de la Segmentación de Líneas de Texto (SLT) manuscrito consiste en la Localización de Líneas de Texto (LLT). Para la SLT se han propuesto métodos que buscan los valores máximos locales en un histograma. El problema para estos métodos es que existen demasiados máximos locales, lo cual no permite localizar las líneas que hay. La segunda etapa de la SLT en manuscritos antiguos consiste en la búsqueda de una ruta que permita separar las líneas de texto, el problema de los métodos actuales es que algunos realizan una búsqueda local de la ruta y los otros métodos buscan la ruta evitando pasar por la mayor cantidad de caracteres. En este trabajo se presenta un sistema compuesto por dos nuevos métodos para la LLT manuscrito y otro método para la Búsqueda de una Ruta que permita Segmentar Líneas de Texto en documentos manuscritos (BRSLT) que supera a los métodos analizados en el estado del arte en las dos etapas. En el primer método propuesto se presenta la extracción de un mapa de energía que incrementa las diferencias entre los máximos y mínimos locales en un histograma. El segundo método propuesto consiste en buscar la mejor ruta para segmentar líneas de texto manuscrito antiguo usando un algoritmo genético. Para evaluar la exactitud de los métodos propuestos se han realizado experimentos con dos colecciones de documentos. Se ha realizado una evaluación independiente de los dos métodos propuesto. Las colecciones de documentos incluyen los idiomas: español, chino, árabe, inglés, árabe-español con escritura moderna y escritura antigua. Con los resultados de la experimentación se ha demostrado que es posible mejorar la LLT implementando un mapa de energía que incremente las diferencias entre máximos y mínimos locales. Los experimentos de la segunda sección demuestran que es necesario realizar una optimización global de la ruta para segmentar líneas de texto

Quantum gas mixtures in different correlation regimes

We present a many-body description for two-component ultracold bosonic gases when one of the species is in the weakly interacting regime and the other is either weakly or strongly interacting. In the one-dimensional limit the latter case system is a hybrid in which a Tonks-Girardeau gas is immersed in a Bose-Einstein condensate, which is an example of a new class of quantum system involving a tunable, superfluid environment. We describe the process of phase separation microscopically and semiclassically in both situations and show that the quantum correlations are maintained in the separated phase.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

On welfare criteria and optimality in an endogenous growth model

In this paper we explore the consequences for optimality of a social planner adopting two different welfare criteria. The framework of analysis is an OLG model with physical and human capital. We first show that, when the SWF is a discounted sum of individual utilities defined over consumption per unit of natural labour, the precise cardinalization of the individual utility function becomes crucial for the characterization of the social optimum. Also, decentralizing the social optimum requires an education subsidy. In contrast, when the SWF is a discounted sum of individual utilities defined over consumption per unit of efficient labour, the precise cardinalization of preferences becomes irrelevant. More strikingly, along the optimal growth path, education should be taxed.endogenous growth, human capital, intergenerational transfers, education policy

Employment descentralisation: polycentric compaction or sprawl? The case of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region 1986-1996

The Barcelona Metropolitan Region (BMR) has been repeatedly characterised as a polycentric-type urban system. The aim of this study is to corroborate this affirmation by making use of a methodology that enables the identifying of employment subcentres and valuing of the degree of polycentrism of the BMR in 1986 and 1996. The results obtained in the two years confirm the existence and extension of the polycentrism.Employment subcentres, identification, descentralisation, sprawl, compaction, polycentrism.

Influencia del potencial, concentración y pH en el fosfatizado electroquímico y su capacidad como inhibidor de la corrosión de un acero AISI SAE 1018

47 páginas. Maestría en Ciencias e Ingeniería de Materiales.Se llevó a cabo un estudio del proceso de fosfatizado electroquímico de acero AISI SAE 1018, mediante las técnicas electroquímicas de voltamperometría cíclica (VC) y cronoamperometría (CA). Los estudios se realizaron en una disolución acuosa de H3PO4 concentrado a temperatura ambiente. El análisis de los transitorios potenciostáticos de corriente relacionados con la formación de la película de FePO4 a diferentes potenciales aplicados, se efectuó mediante ajustes no lineales a los datos experimentales, empleando modelos de nucleación y crecimiento descritos por Palomar-Pardavé y col. (J. Solid State Electrochem. 17 (2013) 459-466), esto, permitió obtener información para describir los mecanismos de nucleación y crecimiento de la película de fosfatizado formada. Se determinó que la respuesta cronoamperométrica corresponde a una suma de 4 contribuciones, relacionadas con la adsorción de iones fosfato, disolución de Fe, crecimiento 2D de una película conductora de FePO4(s) y el crecimiento 3D de esta misma película con características menos conductoras. Esto permitió el cálculo de la densidad de carga relacionada con cada contribución. Se evaluó la corrosión de un acero al carbono en un medio de ácido Sulfúrico 1M mediante la técnica de Resistencia a la polarización, encontrando que la velocidad a la corrosión y la morfología de la película formada dependen del potencial aplicado. Posteriormente de acuerdo al diagrama de predominio de especies y los diagramas de Pourbaix, se realizaron estudios del proceso de fosfatizado electroquímico para el mismo acero, mediante técnicas electroquímicas de voltamperometría cíclica (VC) y cronoamperometría (CA). Los estudios se realizaron en una disolución acuosa de H3PO4 3.05 M, pH=4, a temperatura ambiente. Para el análisis de los transitorios potenciostáticos de corriente relacionados con la formación de la película de FePO4 se hicieron variaciones a diferentes potenciales, observando que existe la formación directa de la película de FePO4 sin pasar por otras especies.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NURSING SAFETY CULTURE AND PATIENT PERCEPTION OF SAFETY IN INPATIENT UNITS OF AN ACADEMIC SPECIALTY HOSPITAL

The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between nursing safety work culture in inpatient nursing units of a specialty academic hospital and their patients’ perception of safety using quantitative and qualitative methods. The aim of the quantitative study was to quantitatively evaluate whether nursing safety culture, as measured on the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPS) safety questions of the institutional employee opinion survey, was associated with patients’ perception of safety during their inpatient care, as measured by responses on the inpatient Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. The aim of the qualitative study was to explore patients’ and nurses’ perceptions of the experiences about safety through individual interviews. The setting of the study was 14 inpatient nursing units. The sample for the quantitative study was these 14 units. The selected HSOPS and HCAHPS question scores were used for selected domains for a regression analysis. For the qualitative study, 4 units were selected from these 14 units based on their HCAHPS score (top, lowest, and two average performers). A total of 14 nurses and 12 patients were interviewed from these selected units. The quantitative results indicated that there was no significant association between any of the domains of the nurses’ safety culture and the domains of patients’ perception of safety. A possible explanation was the limited vii statistical power, given the fixed sample size of 14 units. In the qualitative study, the nursing themes were the following: High workload and insufficient staff, nurses identified safety risks, and safety climate is favorable. The patient themes were the following: Patients identified safety risks, Communication and caring from nurses is appreciated, Patients noticed nurses work as a team, Insufficient staffing not an issue for patients. The conclusions from the study was that nurses are working in a favorable safety climate and teamwork is important because both nurses and patients recognized it as part of safety, patients perceived safe care and felt that nurses genuinely cared for them, and working and staffing are the highest safety priority for nurses

Does Indirect Tax Harmonization Deliver Pareto Improvements in the Presence of Global Public Goods?

This paper identifies conditions under which, starting from any tax distorting equilibrium, destination- and origin-based indirect tax-harmonizing reforms are potentially Pareto improving in the presence of global public goods. The first condition (unrequited transfers between governments) requires that transfers are designed in such a way that the marginal valuations of the global public goods are equalized, whereas the second (conditional revenue changes) requires that the change in global tax revenues, as a consequence of tax harmonization, is consistent with the direction of inefficiency in global public good provision relative to the (modified) Samuelson rule. Under these conditions, tax harmonization results in redistributing the gains from a reduction in global deadweight loss and any changes in global tax revenues according to the Pareto principle. And this is the case independently of the tax principle in place (destination or origin).origin principle, destination principle, indirect tax harmonization, reform of commodity taxes, global/local public goods

Heat current control in trapped BEC

We investigate the heat transport and the control of heat current among two spatially separated trapped Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC), each of them at a different temperature. To allow for heat transport among the two independent BECs we consider a link made of two harmonically trapped impurities, each of them interacting with one of the BECs. Since the impurities are spatially separated, we consider long-range interactions between them, namely a dipole-dipole coupling. We study this system under theoretically suitable and experimentally feasible assumptions/parameters. The dynamics of these impurities is treated within the framework of the quantum Brownian motion model, where the excitation modes of the BECs play the role of the heat bath. We address the dependence of heat current and current-current correlations on the physical parameters of the system. Interestingly, we show that heat rectification, i.e., the unidirectional flow of heat, can occur in our system, when a periodic driving on the trapping frequencies of the impurities is considered. Therefore, our system is a possible setup for the implementation of a phononic circuit. Motivated by recent developments on the usage of BECs as platforms for quantum information processing, our work offers an alternative possibility to use this versatile setting for information transfer and processing, within the context of phononics, and more generally in quantum thermodynamics.Comment: 33 pages, 4 Figure