Analysis of Water Quality and River Waters Microbology for Manifestation of Food Safety

 Abstract. Banjir Kanal Barat is a river in the Garang watershed, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Its function is as a source of water for the community. The level of pollution in this river is already high. The purpose of this study is to provide advice to governments, communities and related stakeholders to realize integrated river management, and fisheries-based food security is achieved. This research method is: analyzing the water quality of the Banjir Kanal Barat river, and analyzing the amount of faecal and total coliform bacteria content in the Banjir Kanal Barat river, and analyzing how to overcome the decline in the quality of waters of the Banjir Kanal Barat river due to faecal and total coliform bacteria pollution. The results showed that the water quality at the research location was still in the quality standard. The content of coliform dan faecal bacteria at the study site exceeds the quality standard, this is due to the influence of domestic waste from households. The thing that needs to be done is counseling the existence of a clean and healthy life, especially for people who are still throwing domestic waste into the river. The existence of water purification equipment is also very necessary to overcome this problem. Water quality management can be done with policy analysis. Regulations related to water quality management can be analyzed and then given solutions and recommendations related to these rules so that policies can be taken that are sustainable, integrated, and coordinated between various parties in managing river water quality and food security. Keywords: food security, water quality, river, faecal coliform, total colifor

STUDI PENINGKATAN KADAR DISSOLVED OKSIGEN AIR, SETELAH DI INJEKSI DENGAN AERATOR KINCIR ANGIN SAVONIUS ARREUS, MENGGUNAKAN DO METER TYPE LUTRON DO-5510

Teknologi budidaya perikanan makin maju, semakin meningkat padat tebar, makin besar pula kebutuhan Aerasi. Namun alat aerator relatif mahal, baik harga beli maupun biaya operasionalnya.Disisi lain, arus angin di daerah pesisir sangat besar. Merupakan potensi yang sangat besar untuk energi terbaharukan, maupun untuk aerasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja dari aerator savonius darreus untuk meningkatkan kadar Desolve Oksigen dalam air. Aerator savonius darreius telah dicoba mampu berputar mulai kecepatan angin 2,5 M/S. Aerator savonius darreeius diuji pada tiga tempat yang berbeda, yaitu diuji pada akuarium, pada kolam terbuka, dan pada tambak pembibitan ikan bandeng. Metode pengukuran Desolve Oksigen pada penelitian ini menggunakan DO Meter Type Lutron DO-5510. Pada percobaan dalam akuarium, aerator ssavonius darreius mampu meningkatkan kadar Desolve Oksigen sebesar 0,7 Mg/L3 dalam 50 menit percobaan di siang hari.Pada percobaan dalam kolam terbuka, aerator ssavonius darreius mampu meningkatkan kadar Desolve Oksigen sebesar 0,2 Mg/L3 dalam 50 menit percobaan di siang hari.Pada percobaan dalam tambak pembibitan ikan bandeng, aerator ssavonius darreius belum mampu meningkatkan kadar Desolve Oksige

RANCANG BANGUN FILTER WET SCRUBBER UNTUK PENURUNAN TEMPERATUR DAN PENGURANGAN KANDUNGAN TAR TERHADAP HASIL SYNGAS PROSES GASIFIKASI

Biomassa merupakan salah satu sumber alam yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan, pemanfaatan biomassa sebagai sumber energi dapat dilakukan dengan teknologi gasifikasi. Teknologi gsifikasi merupakan proses pengkonversian bahan bakar padat menjadi gas mampu bakar (CO, CH4, H2) melalui pross pembakaran. Produk gas hasil gasifikasi tersebut berupa gas mampu bakar seperti karbon monoksida (CO), Hidrogen (H2), gas metan, pengotor anorganic seperti NH3 dan HCN, Kandungan H2S, debu halus dan pengotor organik seperti tar. Untuk pengrangan kandungan tar maka perlu adanya proses penyaringan, dalam penelitin ini menggunakan filter wet scrubber dengan tujuan penurunan temperature dan penyaringan kandungan tar, debu serta mendapatkan visualisasi nyala api terbaik dari 4 jenis biomssa dengan pengaturan tekanan air pada sprayer. Disisi lain pengurangan kandungan tar berpegaruh terhadap hasil syngas yang nantinya hasil syngas diteruskan ke mesin diesel sebagai penganti bahan bakar minyak, jika syngas masih mengandung tar, dapat menghambat bahkan merusak dari mesin diesel tersebut. Peneliti menggunakan 4 jenis biomassa yaitu: serbuk kayu jati, kayu sengon, sekam padi dan tempurung kelapa dengan tekanan sprayer 2,3,4 kg/cm2. Dari 4 jenis biomassa didapat nyala api terbaik yaitu tempurung kelapa dengan tekanan sprayer 4 kg/cm2, temperature 193 oC dan nyala api tanpa mengandung asap serta hasil syngas sedikit mengandung kandungan tar

ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DA AFERIÇÃO DO PEAK FLOW ANTES E DEPOIS DE UM TREINAMENTO FÍSICO DE ASMÁTICOS EM UM PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIO

Asma é uma doença inflamatória crônica das vias aéreas, que está associada à hiper-responsividade das vias aéreas, levando a sibilos, dispneia, opressão torácica e tosse. Pico de Fluxo Expiratório é considerado um indicador indireto da obstrução das grandes vias aéreas e é afetado pelo grau de insuflação pulmonar. O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar valores de Pico de Fluxo Expiratório obtidos antes e depois do treinamento físico. Tratou-se de um estudo pré-experimental do tipo antes e depois. Foram incluídos oito indivíduos, que foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo A, com idade média de 4,7±1,25 anos, sendo dois do gênero masculino e dois do feminino; e Grupo B, com idade média de 8±2,16 anos, com três masculinos e um feminino. Na aferição do Pico de Fluxo nos dois momentos do trabalho, observamos no Grupo A um pequeno acréscimo na aferição final, mas ainda ficou abaixo do esperado para a faixa etária. Já o Grupo B apresentou um pequeno decréscimo final, porém mantevese na faixa de valor considerado normal. Concluímos que, para o grupo de menor idade, teremos de rever o processo avaliativo pela dificuldade de compreensão do teste; para os maiores, talvez se devesse reduzir a intensidade do treinamento físico, pois esse pode ter sido o motivo do aumento da obstrução.Palavras-chave: Asma. Peak Flow. Crianças

Le regime de l'arbitrage dans les litiges de consommation en droit français /

For some time now, Article 2061 of the French Civil Code had laid down the general principle that arbitration clauses were invalid. In 2001, an amendment to Article 2061 reversed the concept, so that the former principle became the exception and the law was made to favour arbitration. While the reform was a progressive step, it did leave some ambiguity especially concerning the consumer disputes. Arbitration is indeed a very convenient alternative dispute resolution method in this arena. The purpose of this thesis is to address some of the issues related to consumer disputes. It seeks to demonstrate that by adopting the concept of "inefficiency" of the arbitration clause, whose sanction depends on the will of the consumer, French law will not only reconcile its domestic provisions but also be in accordance with the other judicial systems

RANCANG BANGUN INSTRUMENTASI INFRARED OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE SENSOR PADA DYNAMOMETER PRONY BRAKE DENGAN SISTEM MONITORING BERBASIS IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS)

Dynamometer is a test tool used to measure the torque of the motor. There are several types of dynamometers currently available, including Prony Brake dynamometers, Water Brake dynamometers, Rope Brake dynamometers, Eddy Current dynamometers, and Motor Generator dynamometers. In this thesis the researcher uses the Prony Brake Dynamometer system. The working principle of Prony Brake is to use the braking principle. Braking is done by adjusting the gas handle which presses the disc brake dynamometer which rubs against the motorbike's disc brake. The purpose of this research is to design and realize a Prony Brake type motor torque meter equipped with a sensor as a reading of the engine rotational speed value. As for what is produced in this study is the design of electrical Infrared sensors can work in accordance with the objectives in the formulation of this thesis problem. It is proven that the infrared sensor can read the rotary speed value of the prony break dynamometer engine and can send the results of that value to the Thinger.io web

PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN REAKTOR FIXED BED GASIFIER UNTUK PRODUKSI SYNGAS DARI BIOMASSA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN BAKAR GENERATOR DIESEL

Pemanfaatan beberapa biomassa yang berpotensi menjadi sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses perancangan dan pembuatan reaktor fixed bed gasifier dan menganalisis hasil proses gasifikasi menggunakan 4 jenis biomassa yang berbeda melalui beberapa tahapan untuk produksi gas mampu bakar atau syngas. Pengujian reaktor menggunakan 4 jenis biomassa yang berbeda dengan jumlah 3 kg untuk setiap biomassa serta laju aliran udara 1,2 m/s kemudian diproses reaktor fixed bed gasifier melalui proses gasifikasi. Hasil penelitian dan pengujian menunjukkan proses gasifikasi dapat menghasilkan syngas (CO, CH4, H2). Metode Penelitian menggunakan metode experiment dengan proses pengujian menggunaka biomassa tempurung kelapa yang dapat menghasilkan syngas lebih effisien dibanding biomassa lain. Hal ini desebabkan karena biomassa tempurung kelapa memiliki nilai kalor yang tinggi, laju aliran gas stabil, efisiensi gasifikasi, laju aliran udara terbatas, efisiensi waktu, dan hasil nyala api stabil secara visual berwarna merah pekat. Hasil pengujian berupa gas akan didistibusikan untuk bahan bakar generator / genset sebagai pengganti bahan bakar minyak