Time allocation among three technical information channels by R and D engineers

Dependance of research project efficiency on information channels - operations researc

Caregivers reluctance to use palliative care practices: Construction of a causal model

peer reviewedObjective To identify any reason for healthcare professionals to resist to provide palliative care and to understand the main interactions between these factors, in order to develop a further work project which could modify them. Definition of resistance The passivity or the unconscious refusal, to reproduce behaviours and/or acts corresponding to the basic principles of the palliative approach when facing palliative patients. Target group Healthcare professionals, i.e all professionals who take care of patients suffering from an advanced or incurable disease. These are doctors, nurses, nursing auxiliaries, and also physiotherapists, psychologists, home carers, etc. Family members of the patient or volunteers were excluded from the target group. Method The causal analysis consists in building a causality tree of a specific problem within a team. The presentation under the form of a tree allows the reading of the identified factors, from the closest to the most distant. The causal analysis is a time-consuming method, but it will form the basis of further work of our team. Result The obtained model is an orderly repertory of the factors which contribute to the cause of the problem. Conclusion The members of the analysis unit have shared their knowledge to create a tool. This tool will be used to determine actions in order to reduce directly or indirectly the resistance to provide palliative care.Objectif Cerner l’ensemble des facteurs de la résistance des soignants à pratiquer les soins palliatifs et appréhender les interactions principales entre ces facteurs dans le but de développer un projet de travail ultérieur, susceptible de les modifier. Définition de la résistance La passivité ou le refus inconscient, devant un patient « palliatif », à mettre en œuvre des attitudes et/ou des actes appris qui s’inscrivent dans les principes de base de l’approche palliative. Public cible Les soignants, c’est-à-dire l’ensemble des professionnels qui s’occupent des patients atteints d’une maladie grave ou incurable. Il s’agit des médecins, des infirmiers, des aides-soignantes mais aussi des kinésithérapeutes, des psychologues, des gardes à domicile, des aides familiales, etc. Sont exclus du public cible les membres de la famille du patient et les volontaires. Méthode L’analyse causale qui consiste à construire, en équipe, un arbre de causalité d’un problème spécifique. La présentation sous forme d’arbre permet la lecture des différents facteurs recensés, des plus proches aux plus éloignés. L’analyse causale est une méthode consommatrice de temps, mais elle va constituer le fondement du travail ultérieur de la Plate-forme. Résultat Le modèle obtenu est un répertoire ordonné des facteurs qui participent à la cause du problème. Conclusion Les membres de la cellule d’analyse ont mis leurs savoirs en commun pour créer un outil de référence. Cet outil servira à définir des actions pour modifier directement ou indirectement la résistance des soignants à appliquer les soins palliatifs

Time allocation among three technical information channels by R & D engineers

Dependance of research project efficiency on information channels - operations researc

Les langages de la danse

Les éditions Contredanse, créées en 1990, répondent-elles au constat d’un manque dans le monde de la danse ? Florence Corin : L’association Contredanse a vu le jour à l’initiative de Patricia Kuypers, qui souhaitait élargir le paysage de la danse à Bruxelles, notamment en invitant des chorégraphes et des artistes qui n’y avaient jamais enseigné, en faisant découvrir des pratiques qu’on connaissait peu en Belgique, en mettant en place une bibliothèque de référence et en créant un médium qui fa..

Structural and functional responses of invertebrate communities to climate change and flow regulation in alpine catchments

Understanding and predicting how biological communities respond to climate change is critical for assessing biodiversity vulnerability and guiding conservation efforts. Glacier‐ and snow‐fed rivers are one of the most sensitive ecosystems to climate change, and can provide early warning of wider‐scale changes. These rivers are frequently used for hydropower production but there is minimal understanding of how biological communities are influenced by climate change in a context of flow regulation. This study sheds light on this issue by disentangling structural (water temperature preference, taxonomic composition, alpha, beta and gamma diversities) and functional (functional traits, diversity, richness, evenness, dispersion and redundancy) effects of climate change in interaction with flow regulation in the Alps. For this, we compared environmental and aquatic invertebrate data collected in the 1970s and 2010s in regulated and unregulated alpine catchments. We hypothesized a replacement of cold‐adapted species by warming‐tolerant ones, high temporal and spatial turnover in taxa and trait composition, along with reduced taxonomic and functional diversities in consequence of climate change. We expected communities in regulated rivers to respond more drastically due to additive or synergistic effects between flow regulation and climate change. We found divergent structural but convergent functional responses between free‐flowing and regulated catchments. Although cold‐adapted taxa decreased in both of them, greater colonization and spread of thermophilic species was found in the free‐flowing one, resulting in higher spatial and temporal turnover. Since the 1970s, taxonomic diversity increased in the free flowing but decreased in the regulated catchment due to biotic homogenization. Colonization by taxa with new functional strategies (i.e. multivoltine taxa with small body size, resistance forms, aerial dispersion and reproduction by clutches) increased functional diversity but decreased functional redundancy through time. These functional changes could jeopardize the ability of aquatic communities facing intensification of ongoing climate change or new anthropogenic disturbances.reprin

Structural and functional responses of invertebrate communities to climate change and flow regulation in alpine catchments

Understanding and predicting how biological communities respond to climate change is critical for assessing biodiversity vulnerability and guiding conservation efforts. Glacier‐ and snow‐fed rivers are one of the most sensitive ecosystems to climate change, and can provide early warning of wider‐scale changes. These rivers are frequently used for hydropower production but there is minimal understanding of how biological communities are influenced by climate change in a context of flow regulation. This study sheds light on this issue by disentangling structural (water temperature preference, taxonomic composition, alpha, beta and gamma diversities) and functional (functional traits, diversity, richness, evenness, dispersion and redundancy) effects of climate change in interaction with flow regulation in the Alps. For this, we compared environmental and aquatic invertebrate data collected in the 1970s and 2010s in regulated and unregulated alpine catchments. We hypothesized a replacement of cold‐adapted species by warming‐tolerant ones, high temporal and spatial turnover in taxa and trait composition, along with reduced taxonomic and functional diversities in consequence of climate change. We expected communities in regulated rivers to respond more drastically due to additive or synergistic effects between flow regulation and climate change. We found divergent structural but convergent functional responses between free‐flowing and regulated catchments. Although cold‐adapted taxa decreased in both of them, greater colonization and spread of thermophilic species was found in the free‐flowing one, resulting in higher spatial and temporal turnover. Since the 1970s, taxonomic diversity increased in the free flowing but decreased in the regulated catchment due to biotic homogenization. Colonization by taxa with new functional strategies (i.e. multivoltine taxa with small body size, resistance forms, aerial dispersion and reproduction by clutches) increased functional diversity but decreased functional redundancy through time. These functional changes could jeopardize the ability of aquatic communities facing intensification of ongoing climate change or new anthropogenic disturbances.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio