γδ T cells affect IL-4 production and B-cell tolerance

γδ T cells can influence specific antibody responses. Here, we report that mice deficient in individual γδ T-cell subsets have altered levels of serum antibodies, including all major subclasses, sometimes regardless of the presence of αβ T cells. One strain with a partial γδ deficiency that increases IgE antibodies also displayed increases in IL-4–producing T cells (both residual γδ T cells and αβ T cells) and in systemic IL-4 levels. Its B cells expressed IL-4–regulated inhibitory receptors (CD5, CD22, and CD32) at diminished levels, whereas IL-4–inducible IL-4 receptor α and MHCII were increased. They also showed signs of activation and spontaneously formed germinal centers. These mice displayed IgE-dependent features found in hyper-IgE syndrome and developed antichromatin, antinuclear, and anticytoplasmic autoantibodies. In contrast, mice deficient in all γδ T cells had nearly unchanged Ig levels and did not develop autoantibodies. Removing IL-4 abrogated the increases in IgE, antichromatin antibodies, and autoantibodies in the partially γδ-deficient mice. Our data suggest that γδ T cells, controlled by their own cross-talk, affect IL-4 production, B-cell activation, and B-cell tolerance

The Student Movement Volume 16 Issue 19: Strut to the Beat of Your Own Drum: AUnited Serves Diversity Through Style

HUMANS Honors Research Scholar: Jessica Rim, Interviewed by: Lauren Kim Senior Spotlight: Matthew Shelton, Interviewed by: Timmy Duado Student Movement Editor-in-Chief Candidate: Alannah Tjhatra, Interviewed by: Karenna Lee ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT AU\u27s New Community Art Classes, Megan Napod Son of Man, I Have Made Thee a Watchman : An Update on The Watchmen Acapella, Interviewed by: Steven Injety The AUnited Fashion Show, Solana Campbell NEWS Spring Graduation Schedule 2022, From the President\u27s Office and the Graduation Committee Statement from Vice President Faehner on Instagram Harassment, Abigail Lee, Francis Faehner, and Alyssa Palmer Sexual Assault Awareness Month: Take Back the Night , Andrew Pak IDEAS How To: Get Rid of that One Friend that Always Drops By at the Worst Moments, Gabriela Francisco Money, Unionization, and Assumption, Yoel Kim Should Kids Be Raised With Minimal Technology?, Elizabeth Getahun The Anonymous Elephant in the Room, Abigail Lee PULSE Infusion Vespers 2022, Wambui Karanja Other User, Anonymous What We Want, What We Need: Student\u27s Hopes for AUSA, Alannah Tjhatra THE LAST WORD Engagement Above All, Kurt Kuhlmanhttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-106/1018/thumbnail.jp

The Student Movement Volume 106 Issue 15: AU Theatre Wing Presents Pride and Prejudice

HUMANS Matchmaking by SASA - Details on the New Club Event!, Interviewed by: Irina Gagiu Meeting AU\u27s New Librarian, Katherine Van Arsdale Bell, Interviewed by: Grace No My Future Plans: Hannah Castillo, Interviewed by: Lauren Kim ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT Creative Spotlight: Students of the AU Theatre Wing, Interviewed by: Megan Napod New Artist Releases: Evin Nazya-Musgrove, Eli Wilson, & Jonathan Lutterodt, Solana Compbell The One Inch Barrier, Steven Injety NEWS Herbert Blomstedt Comes to Andrews University, Abigail Lee It\u27s for the Effect: A Student Response, Chris Ngugi Worship Concert, Healing Together , Andrew Pak IDEAS Are Attention Spans Decreasing?, Elizabeth Getahun Do I Have to Be a Parent?, Angelina Nesmith Naming the Familiar: Emotions, Experiences, & our Insufficient Language, Alexander Navarro PULSE Checking Out Rate My Professors , Gloria Oh Dorm Policies, Alannah Tjhatra Lessons I\u27ve Learned on My Year Abroad, Terika Williams THE LAST WORD A Friend, Taylor Uphushttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-106/1014/thumbnail.jp

The Student Movement Volume 106 Issue 10: Let\u27s Get This Gingerbread: AU Celebrates the Christmas Season

HUMANS Christmas with President Luxton - Memories, Traditions, & Favorites!, Interviewed by: Irina Gagiu My Christmas Wish..., Interviewed by: Grace No Semester Reflections with Ian Freed, Interviewed by: Timmy Duado ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT AU\u27s Christmas Playlist, Solana Campbell Creative Spotlight, Kayla Bruno (junior, psychology), Interviewed by: Megan Napod The Conundrum of Christmas Movies, Hannah Cruse NEWS A Very Merry Makarios Christmas Party, Nathan Mathieu Andrews Wind Symphony: Joy to the Season, Andrew Pak Winter Break Is Almost Here: Now What? IDEAS Master Your Sleep to Master Your Finals!, Robert Zhang Pollution and Progress: The Nuclear Dilemma Should We Lie To Kids About Santa?, Elizabeth Getahun PULSE A Yearly Theme Instead, T Bruggeman AUSA Christmas Light-Up, Karenna Lee Christmas Gift Ideas, Gloria Oh THE LAST WORD The Positives of a Global Pandemic, Alyssa Henriquezhttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-106/1009/thumbnail.jp

The Student Movement Volume 107 Issue 15: Moving Forward: AU Rings in Black History Month

HUMANS Current Book Reads, Anna Pak Interview with Kayla Goodman, Lamson Student Dean, Interviewed by: Grace No Meet Julaine Phillips, BSCF Vice President, Interviewed by: Grace No ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT Creatives on Campus: Black History Month, Mora Martin Currently: You People, Jonathon Woolford-Hunt Shining Talent at Young Artists Concert 2023, Aiko J. Ayala Rios NEWS BSCF\u27s IMPACT Vespers Kicks off Black History Month, Andrew Francis Death of Tyre Nichols: Catalyst for Change or Recurring Event?, Hannah Cruse Honors Agape Feast, Gloria Oh Pre-Vet Club Fundraisers for Stray Cats, Alannah Tjhatra IDEAS I Don\u27t Understand Poetry, T Bruggemann Open AI\u27s Chat GPT. Gabriela Francisco The Diasporic Black History Month, Elizabeth Getahun PULSE A Glance into the Office of Innovation & Entrepreneurship, Gloria Oh Duality in Spirituality: A Shift in Perspective, Wambui Karanja Our Food: Can We Cook It?. Charisse Lapubla LAST WORD Black in (Almost) Every Language, Chris Ngugihttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-107/1014/thumbnail.jp

The c-Myc/miR17-92/PTEN Axis Tunes PI3K Activity to Control Expression of Recombination Activating Genes in Early B Cell Development

Appropriate PI3K signals generated by the antigen receptor are essential to promote B cell development. Regulation of recombination activating gene (RAG)-1 and RAG-2 expression is one key process that is mediated by PI3K to ensure developmental progression and selection. When PI3K signals are too high or too low, expression of RAGs does not turn off and B cell development is impaired or blocked. Yet, the mechanism which tunes PI3K activity to control RAG expression during B cell development in the bone marrow is unknown. Recently we showed that a c-Myc/miR17-92/PTEN axis regulates PI3K activity for positive and negative selection of immature B cells. Here, we show that the c-Myc/miR17-92/PTEN axis tunes PI3K activity to control the expression of RAGs in proB cells. Using different genetically engineered mouse models we show that impaired function of the c-Myc/miR17-92/PTEN axis alters the PI3K/Akt/Foxo1 pathway to result in dis-regulated expression of RAG and a block in B cell development. Studies using 38c-13 B lymphoma cells, where RAGs are constitutively expressed, suggest that this regulatory effect is mediated post-translationally through Foxo1

Evidence-Based Tuberculosis Diagnosis

Madhukar Pai and colleagues discuss how systematic reviews on tuberculosis diagnostics can influence research, policy, and clinical practice

Suicide Attempts Among a Cohort of Transgender and Gender Diverse People

INTRODUCTION: Transgender and gender diverse people often face discrimination and may experience disproportionate emotional distress that leads to suicide attempts. Therefore, it is essential to estimate the frequency and potential determinants of suicide attempts among transgender and gender diverse individuals. METHODS: Longitudinal data on 6,327 transgender and gender diverse individuals enrolled in 3 integrated healthcare systems were analyzed to assess suicide attempt rates. Incidence was compared between transmasculine and transfeminine people by age and race/ethnicity and according to mental health status at baseline. Cox proportional hazards models examined rates and predictors of suicide attempts during follow-up. Data were collected in 2016, and analyses were conducted in 2019. RESULTS: During follow-up, 4.8% of transmasculine and 3.0% of transfeminine patients had at least 1 suicide attempt. Suicide attempt rates were more than 7 times higher among patients aged45 years, more than 3 times higher among patients with previous history of suicide ideation or suicide attempts than among those with no such history, and 2-5 times higher among those with 1-2 mental health diagnoses and more than 2 mental health diagnoses at baseline than among those with none. CONCLUSIONS: Among transgender and gender diverse individuals, younger people, people with previous suicidal ideation or attempts, and people with multiple mental health diagnoses are at a higher risk for suicide attempts. Future research should examine the impact of gender-affirming healthcare use on the risk of suicide attempts and identify targets for suicide prevention interventions among transgender and gender diverse people in clinical settings