Profile of aerobic fitness and muscle power of athletes on the Brazilian National Paralympic Five-a-side Football Team

We aimed to profile the aerobic fitness and muscle power of five-a-side football athletes on the Brazilian National Paralympic Team. The sample consisted of 12 male Paralympic athletes on the Brazilian National five-a-side football team, including 3 sighted goalkeepers and 9 blind (B1 category) outfield players. The results were: peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), 51.8 ± 5.8 ml/kg/min; maximum speed, 17.1 ± 1.4 km/h and VO2 ventilatory threshold (VT), 40.2 ± 6.5 ml/kg/min The peak torque values (Nm) of the right and left legs were 241 ± 48 and 234 ± 45 for 60° extension, 127 ± 17 and 123 ± 16 for 60° flexion, 170 ± 29 and 162 ± 28 for 180° extension, 113 ± 13 and 109 ± 13 for 180° flexion, 130 ± 20 and 129 ± 23 for 300° extension, and 118 ± 17 and 115 ± 18 for 300° flexion, respectively. The five-a-side football players on the Brazilian National Paralympics Team exhibited physiologically normal responses to physical training related to the observed physical capacities as shown by the aerobic fitness and muscle power results observed. These results suggest that blind individuals can improve their physical capacity regardless of their visual impairment

Influence of fluid ingestion on heart rate, cardiac autonomic modulation and blood pressure in response to physical exercise : a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression

A systematic review was undertaken to investigate the involvement of hydration in heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and diastolic (DBP) and systolic (SBP) blood pressure in response to exercise. Data synthesis: The EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, LILACS and Web of Science databases were searched. In total, 977 studies were recognized, but only 36 were included after final screening (33 studies in meta-analysis). This study includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs with subjects > 18 years old. The hydration group consumed water or isotonic drinks, while the control group did not ingest liquids. For the hydration protocol (before, during and after exercise), the HR values during the exercise were lower compared to the controls (−6.20 bpm, 95%CI: −8.69; −3.71). In the subgroup analysis, “water ingested before and during exercise” showed lower increases in HR during exercise (−6.20, 95%CI: 11.70 to −0.71), as did “water was ingested only during exercise” (−6.12, 95%CI: −9.35 to −2.89). Water intake during exercise only revealed a trend of avoiding greater increases in HR during exercise (−4,60, 95%CI: −9.41 to 0.22), although these values were not significantly different (p = 0.06) from those of the control. “Isotonic intake during exercise” showed lower HRs than the control (−7.23 bpm, 95% CI: −11.68 to −2.79). The HRV values following the exercise were higher in the hydration protocol (SMD = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.30 to 0.67). The values of the SBP were higher than those of the controls (2.25 mmHg, 95%CI: 0.08 to 4.42). Conclusions: Hydration-attenuated exercise-induced increases in HR during exercise, improved autonomic recovery via the acceleration of cardiac vagal modulation in response to exercise and caused a modest increase in SBP values, but did not exert effects on DBP following exercise

Composición y calidad de la leche en función de la etapa de lactancia y de la paridad

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the relationship among lactation order and days in milking with milk production, composition and somatic cells count (SCC) from Holstein cows and also verify the efficiency of "California Mastitis Test” (CMT) to detect high scores of SCC. Milk samples were collected from the Experimental Farm of Iguatemi located in Maringa, Parana State, from 2008 to 2009. Regression analyzes were performed by a computer system R (2009) in order to verify the behavior of production and milk components as a function of days of lactation order and using the mixed model methodology, considering animal and day of milk control as random. To evaluate the efficiency of CMT test in detecting high SCC was considered negative binomial distribution for the response variable, because it is data that exhibit over dispersion, using the methodology of generalized linear models. It was found that milk production increases and milk fat decreases by the lactation order. Milk protein increases with the days in milking because milk production is decreased. It was concluded that milk production and quality are closely connected to the lactation order and days in milking and CMT performed on farm is positively linked with CCS.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación entre el orden y los días de lactancia con la producción, composición y conteo de células somáticas (CCS) en leche de vacas Holstein, así como comprobar la eficacia de la prueba California para Mastitis (CMT) detectando alto CCS. Se tomaron muestras de leche del rebaño de la Hacienda Experimental de Iguatemi, Maringá-PR, en un periodo comprendido entre 2008 y 2009. Fueron realizados análisis de regresión utilizando el programa estadístico R (2009) con el fin de verificar el comportamiento de la producción y los componentes de la leche en función de los días y orden de lactancia utilizando la metodología de modelos lineares mixtos, considerando el animal y día de control lechero como aleatorios. Para evaluar la eficacia de la prueba de CMT para detectar alto CCS se consideró distribución binomial negativa para la variable respuesta, ya que los datos mostraron sobredispersión utilizando la metodología de modelos lineales generalizados. Se encontró que a medida que la producción de leche aumenta, el porcentaje de grasa en la leche disminuye, siendo diferente en cada orden de lactancia. El porcentaje de proteína aumenta con el periodo de lactación, mientas disminuye la producción. Se concluye que la producción y la calidad de la leche están estrechamente relacionadas con el orden y los días de lactación, la prueba CMT tiene relación positiva con el CCS

USO DE METODOLOGIA NO ENSINO DO SISTEMA DE VEIAS ÁZIGO

Anatomy is an essential tool for describing species and comparing them when they are morphologically similar, in addition to solving clinical practice problems. In addition, the azygous vein system drains the back of the thoracoabdominal walls and mediastinal viscera. It presents many variations, not only in its origin but also in its path, tributaries, anastomosis and terminations. Therefore, this research aims to carry out a study on the azygous vein system based on active teaching and learning methodology. Two groups of students were analyzed, with only one being influenced by the active methodology and, later, both were compared regarding the learning provided by each method. It was concluded that the use of active methodologies contributed satisfactorily to the student's learning, increasing his ability to fix the content and interact with the material, in addition to maintaining motivation in the active search for learning.La anatomía es un instrumento esencial para la descripción de especies y comparaciones entre ellas cuando son morfológicamente similares, además de resolver problemas de práctica clínica. Además, el sistema de venas cigotos drena la parte posterior de las paredes de las vísceras toracoabdominales y mediastínicas. Presenta muchas variaciones, no solo en su origen sino también en su trayectoria, afluentes, anastomosis y terminaciones Esta investigación tiene como objetivo realizar un estudio sobre el sistema de venas cigotos a partir de la metodología activa de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Se analizaron dos grupos de estudiantes, y solo uno fue influenciado por la metodología activa y, posteriormente, se compararon ambos para el aprendizaje proporcionado por cada método. Se concluyó que el uso de metodologías activas contribuyó satisfactoriamente al aprendizaje del estudiante, aumentando su capacidad para fijar el contenido e interactuar con el sujeto, además de mantener la motivación en la búsqueda activa del aprendizaje.A anatomia é um instrumento essencial para a descrição de espécies e comparações entre elas quando morfologicamente parecidas, além de resolução de problemas da prática clínica. Além disso, o sistema de veias ázigo drena o dorso das paredes toracoabdominais e vísceras mediastinais. Ele apresenta muitas variações, não só na sua origem mas também no seu trajeto, tributárias, anastomose e terminações Diante disso, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar um estudo sobre o sistema de veias ázigo a partir de metodologia ativa de ensino e aprendizagem. Foram analisados dois grupos de estudantes, sendo que somente um recebeu influência da metodologia ativa e, posteriormente, ambos foram comparados quanto ao aprendizado proporcionado por cada método. Concluiu-se que, a utilização de metodologias ativas contribuiu de forma satisfatória para o aprendizado do aluno, aumentando sua capacidade de fixação do conteúdo e interação com a matéria, além de manter a motivação na busca ativa do aprendizado

HIDROLATO DE MENTHA VILLOSA COMO AGENTE ANTIPARASITÁRIO PARA TILÁPIA DO NILO

Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes concentrações e tempos do hidrolato de Mentha villosa como agente antiparasitário para tilápias-do-nilo. Foram utilizadas mudas de hortelã e 100 tilápias. Na primeira etapa definiu-se a dose para o efeito antiparasitário do hidrolato, os 50 peixes foram submetidos a banhos de imersão em diferentes concentrações de hidrolato. Para definir o tempo de ação, utilizou-se a concentração definida na primeira etapa, as tilápias foram submetidas a banhos em diferentes tempos. Após os banhos terapêuticos, foram avaliados parasitos. Baseando-se nos resultados pôde-se concluir que a dose de 20ml/L foi eficaz, bem como o tempo de 30 minutos no banho

O PIBID/Química UEL - Um Relato de Experiência na Escola: Abordando o Tema Radioatividade

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Identification of Eschweilenol C in derivative of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. and green synthesis of bioactive and biocompatible silver nanoparticles

A green synthetic route was developed to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in aqueous solution for biological applications. Eschweilenol C, a compound derivative ellagic acid was identified as the main constituent of the aqueous fraction of the ethanolic extract of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. by NMR analysis. In the green synthesis, the ethanolic extract of T. fagifolia and its aqueous fraction were used to promote silver reduction and nanoparticle stabilization. The synthesized AgNPs presented a spherical or polygonal morphology shape by TEM analysis and AgNPs showed high levels of antioxidant and considerable antibacterial and antifungal activities. Synthesized nanoparticles presented significant antioxidant activity by sequestration of DPPH and ABTS radicals, in addition to iron reduction (FRAP assay) and measurement of antioxidant capacity in ORAC units, in addition, AgNP synthesized with the aqueous fraction also demonstrated antioxidant potential in microglial cells. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to growth inhibition by the nanoparticles, among which the AgNPs formed by the ethanolic extract was the most effective. The data obtained by AFM images suggested that AgNPs could lead to the lysis of bacteria and subsequent death. The antifungal assays showed high efficiency against yeasts and dermatophytes. This work represents the first description of antifungal activity by AgNPs against Fonsecaea pedrosoi, the etiologic agent of chromoblastomycosis. In relation to biocompatibility, the AgNPs induced lower haemolysis than AgNO3.We thank Herbert Kogler and Reinhard Wimmer for the identification of Eschweilenol C. The NMR laboratory at Aalborg University is supported by the Obel Family, SparNord and Carlsberg foundations.The authors are grateful to Carla Eiras (LIMAV/CT/UFPI) and to FCT and EU for financial support through project UID/QUI/50006/2013– POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265 from COMPETE and projectNORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000011 from COMPETE. Thanks to Andreia Pinto for help with the TEM measurements at Instituto de Medicina Molecular (IMM). This work was supported by the Histology and Comparative Pathology Laboratory of the IMMinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio