Dor psicológica e ideação suicida em estudantes

Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica e da SaúdeOs estudantes do Ensino Superior, especificamente do curso de Enfermagem (pela sua conhecida natureza multifacetada), apresentam níveis de ansiedade mais elevados quando comparados com outros, sendo a licenciatura de Enfermagem aquela que reúne condições mais susceptíveis para ser considerada ameaçadora e de certa forma indutora de stresse para os seus estudantes. Quando estes níveis de stresse são percebidos negativamente ou se tornam excessivos (distress psicológico), podem afetar não só a realização académica como a saúde mental dos estudantes, provocando sintomas depressivos e uma significativa dor psicológica que pode despoletar no jovem adulto pensamentos, desejos e até mesmo planos para terminar com tal sofrimento (Ideação Suicida). O presente estudo teve como objetivo, avaliar a depressão, o distress psicológico, especificamente a dor psicológica e ideação suicida em estudantes de Enfermagem da Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, ESEnfc, comparando estes diferentes níveis com os diferentes anos académicos. A amostra é constituída por 776 alunos, com idades compreendidas entre os 17 e os 58 anos (M=20.78; DP=3.14). Esta amostra respondeu a um protocolo composto por um Questionário Sóciodemográfico; o Questionário de Saúde do Paciente PHQ-SADS, o Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos BSI e a Escala da Dor Psicológica. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se ser o sexo feminino, aquele que possui valores mais elevados de distress e depressão. Desta forma, também são as raparigas que apresentam maiores níveis de dor psicológica comparativamente com o sexo oposto, o que está relacionado com a forma como estas encaram o ensino superior, desde a entrada até à permanência no mesmo, provocando concomitantemente uma maior percentagem de respostas verdadeiras nas questões relacionadas com a ideação suicida. Importante será referir que é no 1º e 4º ano da licenciatura que se verificam níveis mais elevados de distress, sendo o 3º ano aquele que pontua valores mais baixos em todas as variáveis. São sugeridos novos estudos no âmbito do ensino superior, mais especificamente nas áreas de saúde, para revelar quais os motivos pelos quais estes valores mantém-se elevados. Seria útil implementar um programa de prevenção junto dos alunos logo na fase de ingresso ao Ensino Superior, de forma a melhor lidar com a ansiedade, diminuindo a dor psicológica dos mesmos e dessa forma prevenir a ideação suicida e possível suicidio consumado nesta população.Students in Higher Education, specifically in the nursing course (known for its multifaceted nature), have higher levels of anxiety when compared with others, also the degree in Nursing congregates conditions most likely to be considered threatening and somehow stress inducing to their students. When these stress levels are perceived negatively, or become excessive (psychological distress), they can affect not only academic achievement but also mental health of the students, causing significant depressive symptoms and psychological pain that may trigger the adult thoughts, desires and even plans to end such suffering (Suicidal Ideation). The present study aimed to assess depression, psychological distress, more specifically psychological pain and suicidal ideation in nursing students from the Nursing School of Coimbra, ESEnfC, comparing these levels in the different academic years. The sample consisted of 776 students, aged 17 to 58 years (M = 20.78, SD = 3.14). This sample responded to a protocol which contains a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-SADS, Psychopathological Symptom Inventory BSI and Psychological Pain Scale. According to the results, females have higher levels of distress and depression. Thus, they also have higher levels of psychological pain compared with the opposite sex. This could be related to how they perceive higher education, from the entrance to the residence in the same, concomitantly causing a higher percentage of responses true in matters related to suicidal ideation. Importantly is to be noted that in the 1st and 4th year of the degree is the higher levels of distress occur. Also, the 3rd year reveals lower values for all variables. It is necessary to undertake further studies in the framework of higher education, specifically in health related courses, in order to explore more thoroughly the motives of the resukts. Moreover, futher studies may contribute to a better implementation of prevention programs among students at the beginning of their entrance to Higher Education in order to avoid future anxiety disorders and psychological pain, and also prevent possible suicide ideation suicide attempts

Acordo sobre o programa nuclear do Irão: Oportunidades e desafios do modelo negocial

Esta dissertação procura explorar os principais fatores que motivaram e influenciaram o acordo sobre o programa nuclear do Irão, assinado em julho de 2015 por Teerão e pelas principais potências mundiais (Estados Unidos, França, Reino Unido, Alemanha, China e Rússia), com o aval das instituições e regimes internacionais, nomeadamente a União Europeia, Nações Unidas e sob as regras do Tratado de Não-Proliferação Nuclear. As próximas páginas exploram o histórico das negociações do dossier nuclear, com destaque para os avanços e recuos registados desde 2003, bem como o passado das relações entre os principais atores - Irão e Estados Unidos - que ajudam a compreender o que falhou nas tentativas anteriores de acordo. Baseando-se numa lógica racionalista, com foco na Teoria da Escolha Racional, a dissertação propõe um olhar analítico do acordo em causa com recurso à teoria dos jogos, mas também às principais teorias das Relações Internacionais, nomeadamente o realismo e sobretudo o institucionalismo liberal, que ajudarão a uma compreensão mais abrangente do tema. Será de igual forma relevante incluir a explicação sobre os regimes e instituições multilaterais e ainda o Direito Internacional e as sanções económicas, base que legitima a negociação do acordo final. Por fim, argumenta-se nesta dissertação que, não obstante os vários fatores de enorme relevância no contexto internacional que marcaram a assinatura do acordo, foram os fatores de política doméstica de Estados Unidos e Irão que demonstraram ser decisivos ao longo de todas as etapas e tentativas de negociação.This dissertation aims to explore the main factors that motivated and influenced the Iran nuclear deal, signed in July 2015 by Tehran and major world powers (United States, France, United Kingdom, Germany, China and Russia), with the endorsement of international institutions and regimes, including the European Union, the United Nations and the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The next pages explore the history of the negotiations, highlighting its progress and setbacks since 2003, as well as the past relations between the main actors – Iran and the United States – that will help to understand what failed and what succeeded in previous attempts. Based in a rationalistic approach and focusing on the Rational Choice Theory, this dissertation proposes an analysis of the agreement using game theory, but also some of the main theories of International Relations, specifically realism and liberal institutionalism, which will help to achieve a broader understanding of the subject. It will also be relevant to include an explanation of the multilateral regimes and institutions, as well as international law and economic sanctions, as they offer a basis of legitimization that lead to the final agreement. Finally, and despite several external factors of enormous relevance in the international context, it is argued that it was the domestic policy factors inside United States and Iran that proved to be decisive throughout all stages and attempts of negotiation

Enhancing the handling of standard substitution weights on a hydrostatic weighing apparatus

project “17RPT02-rhoLiqThe hydrostatic weighing apparatus is a first-level method used to measure the density of solids and liquids. At the Portuguese Institute for Quality the hydrostatic tests for the determination of the liquids’ density implies the multiple manual placement of a set of standard substitution weights on apparatus’ balance pan, leading to undesirable perturbations in the weighing environment. Also, by this the eccentricity effects on the balance, contribute for an unwanted increase of the measurement uncertainty. To overcome these phenomena, an automated mechanism was designed and implemented, which allows the placing and recollection of the set of standard weights on the balance. To validate the new mechanism, tests to ultrapure water at 20 °C were executed before and after its implementation and the obtained results were compared. Despite a 3-fold increase in density measurement uncertainty, mainly due to the exposure of the standard substitution weights to air convection currents, the execution of hydrostatic tests was improved, not only for the fact that the measurements are now carried out quicker, but also for the fact that the operator only needs to intervene once during the whole test. Moreover, the smaller absolute deviation from the reference density value for ultrapure water at 20 °C results also in a normalised error En lower than 1 (0.3), thus validating the designed automated mechanism for the handling of standard substitution weights.publishersversionpublishe

O que vem depois do Neoliberalismo?

Um resgate histórico das forças que nos trouxeram até o processo de transformação ideológica profunda que está em curso no mundo contemporâneo, resultando no contexto atual que dá nome à obra — O grande recuo: a Política pós-populismo e pós-pandemia, publicada em 2023 pela Todavia. O sociólogo italiano Paolo Gerbaudo retrocede aos efeitos da crise econômica de 2008, quando crises bancárias multiplicaram-se pelo mundo e resultaram em recessão, para identificar o ponto em que o capitalismo ocidental foi lançado ao caos político. Nesse mapeamento, o autor aborda conflitos e alianças de classe, os inimigos da direita nacionalista e da esquerda socialista, o novo intervencionismo estatal e a ascensão e queda da globalização

Allergy to grass pollen – Mapping of Dactylis glomerata and Phleum pratense allergens for dogs by two-dimensional immunoblotting.

Introduction: Much less is known about grass-pollen allergens to dogs, when compared with humans. Genetic based patterns might play an important role in sensitization profiles, conditioning the success of allergen-specific immunotherapy. Aim: Mapping of Dactylis glomerata (D. glomerata) and Phleum pratense (P. pratense) allergens for grass pollensensitized atopic dogs, for better understanding how individual allergograms may influence the response to grasspollen immunotherapy. Material and methods: To identify D. glomerata and P. pratense allergoms for dogs, 15 individuals allergic to grass pollen and sensitized to D. glomerata and P. pratense were selected. D. glomerata and P. pratense proteomes were separated by isoelectric focusing (IEF), one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Separated proteins were blotted onto Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes and allergens were identified by patient sera IgE in Western Blotting (WB). Results: In D. glomerata, 17 allergens were identified from IEF and 11 from 1-D SDS-PAGE, while from P. pratense, 18 and 6 allergens were identified, respectively. From 2-D SDS-PAGE 13 spots were identified from D. glomerata and 27 from P. pratense. Conclusions: Several similarities were found between dog and human D. glomerata and P. pratense sensitization profiles but no relationship between clinical signs and a specific pattern of allergen recognition was observed. Similarities were found in each patient pattern of sensitization between D. glomerata and P. pratense, also suggesting cross-reactive phenomena. Further molecular epidemiology approach is needed to understand the role of the sensitization pattern in allergen-specific immunotherapy effectiveness in grass-pollen allergic dogs

“PECTORALIS MINOR SYNDROME” ARTERIAL EM PEDIATRIA – A PROPÓSITO DE UM CASO CLINICO POUCO FREQUENTE

A síndrome do desfiladeiro toraco-braquial pode resultar da compressão do feixe neurovascular do membro superior, no segmento abaixo da clavícula. Neste caso o responsável é o músculo pequeno peitoral, conhecido na literatura anglo-saxónica como “pectoralis minor syndrome” (PMS). Na idade pediátrica, apesar de poder estar presente, esta síndrome é pouco frequente e está sub-diagnosticada. Descreve-se um jovem de 14 anos, praticante de andebol, com PMS de apresentação pouco habitual, tendo sido o diagnóstico confirmado por arteriografia. Foi iniciada fisioterapia e diminuição da atividade desportiva levando, em 6 meses, a uma substancial melhoria clínica. Ao fim de dois anos, verificou-se a inexistência de qualquer alteração no eixo subclávio-axilar. Trata-se de um caso raro, segundo a literatura revista, estando a sua etiologia relacionada com a prática desportiva

S. aureus modulates P. aeruginosa small-colony variants formation

EUROBIOFILMS 2017 - 5th European Congress on Microbial BiofilmsSome studies reported that, in polymicrobial consortia, some P. a eruginosa exoproducts suppresses the growth of S.aureus and provokes the emergence of SCV, associated with antimicrobial resistance, altered metabolism and reduced immunogenicity. However, the role of S.aureus in P.aerugionsa behavior has still not been deciphered. This work aimed to deeply investigate the phenotypic changes undergone by P. aeruginosa and S.aureus in a co-infection scenario. The cells recovered from 24 -h-old single and dual-species biofilms were inspected regarding their colony morphology differentiation, antibiotic susceptibility profiles and expression of virulence factors. The population analysis profiles showed the existence of two P.aeruginosa SCV resulting only from the dual-species biofilms. These SCV exhibited impressive ability to form biofilm, impaired swimming, twitching and swarming abilities, in comparison with the wild -type morphotype. Their morphologies remained unchangeable over 10 passages onto solid media, which may mean these phenotypic alterations were not adaptive. Yet, the two SCV were susceptible to the action of several classes of antibiotics. In conclusion, the presence of S.aureus in biofilms seemed to modulate some phenotypic alterations in P.aeruginosa that may be clinically relevant as two SCV were detected. As t he role of S. aureus over P. aeruginosa stills not full clear, some tests are being run to more comprehensively know how these P. aeruginosa SCV modulate the dual -species community response to in - use antimicrobials.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), through the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 and COMPETE 2020 (POCI- 01-0145-FEDER-006684), and FCT and the European Community fund FEDER, through COMPETE and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER -000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020. Grants of SPL (SFRH/BPD/95616/2013) and APM (UMINHO/BD/25/2016)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Self‐Care Dependency Evaluation Form: Psychometric properties of the revised version with 27 items

Abstract Introduction: The Self-Care Dependency Evaluation Form assesses dependency in performing self-care activities, but its original version is extensive and provides redundant information. The present study aims to scrutinise the items of the scale with the purpose of creating a revised version and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, an exploratory and correctional analysis of the items of the original form was performed from a database with 282 participants, followed by a review by a panel of experts who analysed the discriminatory ability and the contribution and relevance of each item, which resulted in the revised version. In the second phase, a new study with a sample comprising 150 participants was conducted to test the psychometric properties of the revised version. All ethical aspects and matters of confidentiality and privacy were assured. Results: The scale with 27 items shows good internal consistency, ranging from 0.67 (taking medication) to 0.96 (walking). It was moderately correlated with the Barthel Index and the Lawton and Brody Scale, proven to be a discriminatory measurement instrument. Discussion/Conclusion: This measure will enable health professionals to better evaluate self-care activities and provide more efficient, simple and effective prescriptions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ANALYSIS OF DEPENDENCE DEGREE AND PREDISPOSITION TO PRESSURE ULCERS IN PATIENTS AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL

Fue analizada la predisposición a úlceras por presión en 23 pacientes de Clínica Médica y 17 de Neurología. Por medio de observación no participante, se aplicó en los 40 pacientes un Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes (SCP) y, a seguir, la Escala de Braden (EB), entre agosto y octubre de 2005. Se obtuvo como resultados: 02 pacientes en cuidados mínimos; 17 en cuidados intermedios;18 en semiintensivos; y 03 en intensivos. Por la EB, 08 pacientes en riesgo leve, 10 con riesgo moderado y 22 con riesgo severo para el desarrollo de úlcera por presión (UP). Entre los pacientes, 10 fueron admitidos con UP, siendo 07 con más de 60 años y 05 pacientes desarrollaron UP entre 8 y 26 días de internamiento. Los pacientes obtuvieron grado de dependencia alto y los ancianos presentaron mayor predisposición y desarrollo de UP. Hubo correlación directa entre las condiciones de trabajo en enfermería y las necesidades de cuidado.Analisou-se a predisposição para úlceras de pressão em 23 pacientes de Clínica Médica e 17 de Neurologia. Por meio de observação não participante, aplicou-se nos 40 pacientes um Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes (SCP) e a seguir a Escala de Braden (E.B) entre agosto a outubro de 2005. Obteve-se como resultado: 02 pacientes em cuidados mínimos, 17 em cuidados intermediários, 18 em semi-intensivos e 03 em intensivos. Pela EB, 08 pacientes em risco leve, 10 em risco moderado e 22 com risco alto para o desenvolvimento de úlcera de pressão (UP). Dentre os pacientes, 10 foram admitidos com UP, sendo 07 acima de 60 anos e 05 pacientes desenvolveram UP entre 8 e 26 dias de internamento. Os pacientes obtiveram grau de dependência alto e os idosos com maior predisposição e desenvolvimento de UP. Houve correlação direta entre as condições de trabalho em enfermagem e as necessidades de cuidado.It was analyzed the predisposition to pressure ulcers in 23 patients in the Medical Clinic and 17 of Neurology. Through outside observation, a patient classification system was applied in 40 patients followed by Braden scale, from August to October/2005. The result was as follows: 02 patients in simple care, 17 in intermediary care, 18 in semi-intensive care and 3 in intensive care. According to Braden Scale, 8 patients were in mild risk, 10 in moderate risk and 22 in high risk to develop pressure ulcers. Among the patients, 10 were admitted with pressure ulcer, of those, 7 were over 60 years old, and 05 patients developed pressure ulcer between 8 and 26 days of admittance. They had a high degree of dependence and the elderly had higher predisposition and development of pressure ulcer. There was a straight correlation between nursing working conditions and care needs