Development of children's drawing and fields of application

Bakalářská práce se zabývá vývojem dětské kresby a oblastmi jejího využití. V první kapitole je na vývoj dětské kresby nahlíženo ze dvou úhlů; v prvním je chápán vývoj jako měnící se vnímání dětského umění v čase a z druhého je vývoj uchopen ve smyslu přehledu příspěvků k teorii vývojových stadií dětské kresby. Druhá část práce obsahuje nástin oblastí využití dětské kresby v rámci terapeutických přístupů v arteterapii. Na závěr v praktické části je předložen návrh výzkumu, jehož cílem je zmapovat terapeutické přístupy v arteterapii na území ČR.The bachelor's thesis seeks to examine children's drawing development and fields of application. The first chapter describes children's drawing development from two perspectives: the changing attitudes towards the child as an artist and a time-line of research into children's drawing. Second part of the thesis contains fields of application of children's drawing in therapeutical approaches to art therapy. Finally, practical part offers a research proposal, which aims to survey therapeutical approaches to art therapy in the Czech Republic.Department of PsychologyKatedra psychologieFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

Nursing care for in-patients with enteral tubes

katedra: UZS; přílohy: 1 CD ROM. 1 informační leták; rozsah: 77 s. (89 884 znaků)This thesis deals with the nursing care of patients with enteral tubes. The aim is to determine what knowledge nurses have regarding this issue, and what their experiences are in nursing care with patients with enteral tube. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. We are dealing with the digestive system, malnutrition, clinical nutrition, especially enteral nutrition, in the theoretical part. There is discussed in detail the nursing care of the introduced tube by application method of nutrition (gastric, jejunal) and by way of introduction (through the gastrointestinal tract or through the abdominal wall). Each method of enteral nutrition has its own requirements for nursing care an the intention of this thesis is to unitize the nursing care of patients with established enteral nutrition. The knowledge gained from research is analyzed in the practical part. Questionnaire was chosen as a method to obtain data. Results are presented in tables and graphs. In compliance with the obtained results recommendations for practice are suggested. It was created brochure with indication of the most important processes of nursing care.Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou ošetřovatelské péče u pacientů s enterálními sondami. Cílem práce je zjistit, jaké znalosti mají zdravotní sestry s danou problematikou, a jaké jsou jejich zkušenosti s ošetřovatelskou péčí u pacientů se zavedenou enterální sondou. Práce je rozdělena na část teoretickou a praktickou. V části teoretické se zabýváme systémem trávicí soustavy, malnutricí, klinickou výživou, především výživou enterální. Podrobně je rozebírána ošetřovatelská péče o zavedené sondy dle způsobu aplikace výživy (gastrická, jejunální) a dle způsobu zavedení (přes gastrointestinální trakt či přes stěnu břišní). Každý způsob enterální výživy má své vlastní požadavky na ošetřovatelskou péči a záměrem této práce je sjednotit ošetřovatelskou péči u pacientů se zavedenou enterální výživou. V praktické části analyzujeme poznatky získané při výzkumu. Metodou výzkumu byl zvolen dotazník. Výsledky jsou zpracovány do tabulek a grafů. Podle zjištěných výsledků jsou navrhnuta doporučení pro praxi. Byl vytvořen informační leták s přehledným uvedením nejdůležitějších postupů ošetřovatelské péče

Decitabine potentiates efficacy of doxorubicin in a preclinical trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer models

Acquired drug resistance and metastasis in breast cancer (BC) are coupled with epigenetic deregulation of gene expression. Epigenetic drugs, aiming to reverse these aberrant transcriptional patterns and sensitize cancer cells to other therapies, provide a new treatment strategy for drug-resistant tumors. Here we investigated the ability of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor decitabine (DAC) to increase the sensitivity of BC cells to anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX). Three cell lines representing different molecular BC subtypes, JIMT-1, MDA-MB-231 and T-47D, were used to evaluate the synergy of sequential DAC + DOX treatment in vitro. The cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, apoptosis, and migration capacity were tested in 2D and 3D cultures. Moreover, genome-wide DNA methylation and transcriptomic analyses were employed to understand the differences underlying DAC responsiveness. The ability of DAC to sensitize trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive JIMT-1 cells to DOX was examined in vivo in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. DAC and DOX synergistic effect was identified in all tested cell lines, with JIMT-1 cells being most sensitive to DAC. Based on the whole-genome data, we assume that the aggressive behavior of JIMT-1 cells can be related to the enrichment of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness-associated pathways in this cell line. The four-week DAC + DOX sequential administration significantly reduced the tumor growth, DNMT1 expression, and global DNA methylation in xenograft tissues. The efficacy of combination therapy was comparable to effect of pegylated liposomal DOX, used exclusively for the treatment of metastatic BC. This work demonstrates the potential of epigenetic drugs to modulate cancer cells' sensitivity to other forms of anticancer therapy.publishedVersio

Regularization properties of Krylov subspace methods

The aim of this thesis is to study and describe regularizing properties of iterative Krylov subspace methods for finding a solution of linear algebraic ill- posed problems contaminated by white noise. First we explain properties of this kind of problems, especially their sensitivity to small perturbations in data. It is shown that classical methods for solving approximation problems (such as the least squares method) fail here. Thus we turn to explanation of regularizing pro- perties of projections onto Krylov subspaces. Basic Krylov regularizing methods are considered, namely RRGMRES, CGLS, and LSQR. The results are illustrated on model problems from Regularization toolbox in MATLAB.

Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen

The topic of my thesis is: "Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen". I have been dealing with this very hot issue, because there are more and more chemical substances around us. We can find a lot of companies producing, using and having these substances in stock, so we cannot rule out smaller or larger leaks. They usually have negative impacts on human health and life, animals, environment or the leak can cause high material damage. It is necessary to take new measures to decrease results of leak of dangerous chemical substances. In the theoretical part of my work I described some dangerous chemical substances, rules for behaviour and arrangments during the leaks of dangerous chemical substances. In the practical part I evaluated statistic records about leaks of dangerous chemical substances and I valuated talks with experts of public administration in the area of Pilsen town. I carried out my own modulation of ammonia leak in the programme ,,TerEx? and by that I gained an area of public danger where I performed an investigation among people. In my work there was verified a hypothesis whether the people living round the object with dangerous chemical substances have some knowledge about the individual protection. I came to conclusion that this hypothesi can be confirmated due to out comes of my questionary research ? our inhabitants are endowed with the needy useful knowledge (as I have been persuaded by). In my work I found out and important piece of knowledge that there had been only one leak of dangerous chemical substance some ammonia leak from the Pilsner ´´PRAZDROJ a.s.´´. It was an acceptional situation and it did not have any serious effect on people and environment. I would like to recommend only one thing ? to increase public awareness about possible danger in the place of domicile. It is necessary to say that people are only exceptionally interested in these safety questions. This work can be used within the public administration in the field of emergency management and accidental planning for (preparation of) inhabitants´ protection. It can also be used as some study material

Professional and lay psychology of education of children in the family

The thesis aims to find out the general public's views on raising children within the family, and to compare it with selected psychological research. The theoretical part is a review of several studies over recent years dealing with a child's upbringing in a family, selected so as to reflect the views of the general public, specifically parents, and responds to these themes from a professional point of view. The empirical part attempts to explore the values, attitudes, and opinions of parents on key educational situations, using a questionnaire method. The thesis investigates current trends among parents' child-rearing methods within the Czech Republic, and compares them with the current findings of modern psychological research on education in the family

Nursing care for in-patients with enteral tubes

katedra: UZS; přílohy: 1 CD ROM. 1 informační leták; rozsah: 77 s. (89 884 znaků)Bakalářská práce se zabývá problematikou ošetřovatelské péče u pacientů s enterálními sondami. Cílem práce je zjistit, jaké znalosti mají zdravotní sestry s danou problematikou, a jaké jsou jejich zkušenosti s ošetřovatelskou péčí u pacientů se zavedenou enterální sondou. Práce je rozdělena na část teoretickou a praktickou. V části teoretické se zabýváme systémem trávicí soustavy, malnutricí, klinickou výživou, především výživou enterální. Podrobně je rozebírána ošetřovatelská péče o zavedené sondy dle způsobu aplikace výživy (gastrická, jejunální) a dle způsobu zavedení (přes gastrointestinální trakt či přes stěnu břišní). Každý způsob enterální výživy má své vlastní požadavky na ošetřovatelskou péči a záměrem této práce je sjednotit ošetřovatelskou péči u pacientů se zavedenou enterální výživou. V praktické části analyzujeme poznatky získané při výzkumu. Metodou výzkumu byl zvolen dotazník. Výsledky jsou zpracovány do tabulek a grafů. Podle zjištěných výsledků jsou navrhnuta doporučení pro praxi. Byl vytvořen informační leták s přehledným uvedením nejdůležitějších postupů ošetřovatelské péče.This thesis deals with the nursing care of patients with enteral tubes. The aim is to determine what knowledge nurses have regarding this issue, and what their experiences are in nursing care with patients with enteral tube. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. We are dealing with the digestive system, malnutrition, clinical nutrition, especially enteral nutrition, in the theoretical part. There is discussed in detail the nursing care of the introduced tube by application method of nutrition (gastric, jejunal) and by way of introduction (through the gastrointestinal tract or through the abdominal wall). Each method of enteral nutrition has its own requirements for nursing care an the intention of this thesis is to unitize the nursing care of patients with established enteral nutrition. The knowledge gained from research is analyzed in the practical part. Questionnaire was chosen as a method to obtain data. Results are presented in tables and graphs. In compliance with the obtained results recommendations for practice are suggested. It was created brochure with indication of the most important processes of nursing care