Crowd security management

Tématem této bakalářské práce je řízení bezpečnosti davu. Teoretická část práce se věnuje popisu davu z psychologického hlediska. Taktéž jsou zde uvedeny donucovací prostředky, které mohou dle zákona použít policisté České republiky. Následně jsou na začátku praktické části uvedeny a rozebrány demonstrace proti koronavirovým opatřením, které v České republice proběhly. Závěr praktické části je věnován modelové situaci, kde je popsán scénář zásahu při demonstraci, do kterého byl zapracován návrh na zlepšení.The topic of this bachelor thesis is crowd security management. The theoretical part is devoted to the description of the crowd from a psychological point of view. There are also coercive means that can be used by the police of the Czech Republic according to the law. At the beginning of the practical part are presented and analyzed demonstrations against coronavirus measures that took place in the Czech Republic. The conclusion of the practical part is devoted to the model situation, which describes the scenario of demonstration and in which a proposal for improvement was incorporated intervention of police.060 - Katedra bezpečnostních služebvelmi dobř

Monogeneans of West African Cichlid Fish: Evolution and Cophylogenetic Interactions

The goals of this paper were to investigate phylogenetic and evolutionary patterns of cichlid fish from West Africa and their Cichlidogyrus and Scutogyrus monogenean parasites, to uncover the presence of host-parasite cospeciation and to assess the level of morphological adaptation in parasites. This required the following steps, each one representing specific objectives of this paper: (1) to build phylogenetic trees for Cichlidogyrus and Scutogyrus species based on ribosomal DNA sequences, (2) to investigate phylogenetic relationships within West African cichlid fish based on the analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences, (3) to investigate host-parasite cophylogenetic history to gain clues on parasite speciation process, and (4) to investigate the link between the morphology of the attachment apparatus and parasite phylogeny. Phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyletic origin of the Cichlidogyrus/Scutogyrus group, and suggested that Cichlidogyrus is polyphyletic and that Scutogyrus is monophyletic. The phylogeny of Cichlidae supported the separation of mouthbrooders and substrate-brooders and is consistent with the hypothesis that the mouthbrooding behavior of Oreochromis and Sarotherodon evolved from substrate-brooding behavior. The mapping of morphological characters of the haptor onto the parasite phylogenetic tree suggests that the attachment organ has evolved from a very simple form to a more complex one. The cophylogenetic analyses indicated a significant fit between trees using distance-based tests, but no significant cospeciation signal using tree-based tests, suggesting the presence of parasite duplications and host switches on related host species. This shed some light on the diversification process of Cichlidogyrus species parasitizing West African cichlids

Parasitism, life history traits and immune defence in cyprinid fish from Central Europe

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Nearctic Dactylogyrus species (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea) parasitizing cypriniform fishes in the context of morphology and phylogeny, with descriptions of seven new species

Ribosomal DNA sequences are currently available for 32 morphologically recognized species of Dactylogyrus parasitizing Nearctic cypriniforms, but only 16 of them are assigned to nominal species. Herein, morphological data on 28 of the 32 species are provided, together with comments on their phylogenetic relationships in the context of the morphology of taxonomically important structures. Seven new species of Dactylogyrus are described from five species of leuciscids and one species of catostomids, as follows: D. aduncus n. sp. from Campostoma spadiceum, D. cloutmani n. sp. from Luxilus chrysocephalus isolepis, D. cornifrons n. sp. from Cyprinella venusta, D. fimbratus n. sp. from Rhinichthys cataractae, D. mcallisteri n. sp. from Semotilus atromaculatus, and D. chieni n. sp. and D. haneki n. sp. from Hypentelium nigricans. Four previously described species of Dactylogyrus, D. atromaculatus from S. atromaculatus, D. eos from C. neogaeus, D. parvicirrus from Notemigonus crysoleucas and D. perlus from L. c. isolepis, are redescribed and/or figured. As for the remaining 17 species, only the male copulatory organs (MCOs) taken from the respective hologenophores are illustrated. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, two main clades of Nearctic Dactylogyrus were recognized and supported by the different morphology of the MCO. The first one included 22 strictly Nearctic species sharing the same MCO type with Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing cyprinids likely of Asian origin. The second clade encompassed Dactylogyrus spp. with diverse MCO morphology and was placed in the sister position to Dactylogyrus spp. parasitizing European leuciscids and North-West African cyprinids

Recent distribution and phytosociological affiliation of Ludwigia palustris in Slovakia

Ludwigia palustris has always been a very rare species in Central Europe. In Slovakia, its occurrence remained unconfirmed for over 60 years and it was therefore considered extinct. The paper reports its rediscovery on two sites in SE Slovakia. Both localities were found in the Latorica River catchment area in 2015 when persistent summer droughts enabled the development of natural mudflat vegetation in the dried oxbows. Confirmation of this historic site indicates the long-term survival ability of the species. We assigned L. palustris dominated vegetation in the class Isoëto-Nanojuncetea, association Ludwigio palustris-Lindernietum procumbentis. This association is new to Slovakia as well as for Central Europe. The stands of this association developed on the exposed muddy shores of disconnected oxbow lake

Diversity, phylogeny and intraspecific variability of Paradiplozoon species (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) parasitizing endemic cyprinoids in the Middle East

Diplozoidae are common monogenean ectoparasites of cyprinoid fish, with the genus Paradiplozoon being the most diversified. Despite recent studies on Diplozoidae from Europe, Africa and Asia, the diversity, distribution and phylogeny of this parasite group appears to be still underestimated in the Middle East. The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity, endemism and host specificity of diplozoids parasitizing cyprinoid fish from the Middle East, considering this region as an important historical interchange of fish fauna, and to elucidate the phylogenetic position of Middle Eastern Paradiplozoon species within Diplozoidae. Four Paradiplozoon species were collected from 48 out of 94 investigated cyprinoid species. Three known species, Paradiplozoon homoion, Paradiplozoon bliccae and Paradiplozoon bingolensis, were recorded on new cyprinoid host species, and a new species, Paradiplozoon koubkovae n. sp., was recorded on Luciobarbus capito and Capoeta capoeta from the Caspian Sea basin in Iran and Turkey. Paradiplozoon bliccae, exhibiting a wide host range in the Middle East, expressed both morphological and genetic intraspecific variabilities. The four Paradiplozoon species collected in the Middle East were placed in divergent clades, showing the rich evolutionary history of diplozoid parasites in the Middle East. Our study also revealed that two lineages of African diplozoids have a Middle Eastern origin. We stress the importance of applying an integrative approach combining morphological, ecological and molecular methods to reveal the real diversity of diplozoids

Physical Mapping of Bread Wheat Chromosome 5A: An Integrated Approach

The huge size, redundancy, and highly repetitive nature of the bread wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.)] genome, makes it among the most difficult species to be sequenced. To overcome these limitations, a strategy based on the separation of individual chromosomes or chromosome arms and the subsequent production of physical maps was established within the frame of the International Wheat Genome Sequence Consortium (IWGSC). A total of 95,812 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones of short-arm chromosome 5A (5AS) and long-arm chromosome 5A (5AL) arm-specific BAC libraries were fingerprinted and assembled into contigs by complementary analytical approaches based on the FingerPrinted Contig (FPC) and Linear Topological Contig (LTC) tools. Combined anchoring approaches based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) marker screening, microarray, and sequence homology searches applied to several genomic tools (i. e., genetic maps, deletion bin map, neighbor maps, BAC end sequences (BESs), genome zipper, and chromosome survey sequences) allowed the development of a high-quality physical map with an anchored physical coverage of 75% for 5AS and 53% for 5AL with high portions (64 and 48%, respectively) of contigs ordered along the chromosome. In the genome of grasses, Brachypodium [Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv.], rice (Oryza sativa L.), and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] homologs of genes on wheat chromosome 5A were separated into syntenic blocks on different chromosomes as a result of translocations and inversions during evolution. The physical map presented represents an essential resource for fine genetic mapping and map-based cloning of agronomically relevant traits and a reference for the 5A sequencing projects

Riociguat treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Final safety data from the EXPERT registry

Objective: The soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat is approved for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and inoperable or persistent/recurrent chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) following Phase

IGRT method for breast cancer

Tato bakalářská práce se zaměřuje na použití metody IGRT v radioterapii při léčbě rakoviny pomocí ověření požadované polohy pacienta před každou frakcí, díky čemuž se dávka RTG záření nedostává do okolních tkání v nežádoucím množství. V práci jsou popsané různé používané metody IGRT, které jsou závislé na jednotlivých odlišnostech, např. dle konstrukce, kvality snímků nebo prostorového zobrazení anatomických struktur. V této práci metoda IGRT se využívá ke správné identifikaci karcinomu prsu. Jelikož se jedná o tkáň měnící objem, je nezbytné, aby byla dodržena přesnost při RTG záření.This thesis focuses on the use of IGRT methods of radiotherapy in cancer treatment using proven and required positioning of the patient prior to any faction, which makes the X-ray dose get into the surrounding tissue in an undesirable amount. The paper describes the various methods used in IGRT depending on individual differences, eg. under construction, image quality or spatial views of anatomical structures. In this method IGRT is used to correctly identify breast cancer. Since it is a tissue that is changing volume, it is necessary to follow accuracy in X-ray radiation. Keywords:Fakulta zdravotnických studiíDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo