Evaluación económica del trastuzumab como tratamiento adyuvante en cáncer de mama HER2- positivo en Colombia

Introduction. Trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal antibody targeting HER2 is well established as an effective treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer. Evidence from developed countries showed that trastuzumab was cost-effective; but there are few evidences in developing countries. Objective: Trastuzumab (Herceptin®), a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal antibody targeting HER2 is well established as an effective treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer. Evidence from developed countries showed that trastuzumab was cost-effective; but there are few evidences indeveloping countries. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of adjuvant trastuzumab treatmentin Colombia.Materials and methods: A Markov health-state transition model was built to estimate clinical and economic outcomes in HER2-positive breast cancer with or without 12 months trastuzumab adjuvant chemotherapy over a lifetime perspective with annual transition cycles. The model incorporated five health states (disease free, local recurrence, distant recurrence, cardiac failure, and death). Baseline event rates and 3-year hazard ratio (HR=0.51, IC 95% 0.44–0.59; p<0.0001) were derived from 4-year follow up of the N9831 and NSABP B-31 trial. Costs and utility weights were obtained from the literature and were discounted by 5% annually.Results: The model showed that the utilization of adjuvant trastuzumab treatment in early breast cancer can prolong 0.80 quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), compared with standard chemotherapy, an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of US$71,491 per QALY gained.Conclusion: The results suggest that 1-year adjuvant Trastuzumab treatment is not cost-effective in Colombia, using the definition of WHO cost-effectiveness threshold of 3 times GDP per capita. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i3.832 Introducción. El trastuzumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal de reconocida efectividad para el tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama positivo para HER2. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estudios de costo-efectividad se han llevado a cabo en países desarrollados.Objetivo. Determinar el costo-efectividad del tratamiento adyuvante con trastuzumab en mujeres concáncer de mama HER2+ en Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se construyó un modelo de Markov, con ciclos de transición anuales y desde la perspectiva del pagador, para estimar los resultados clínicos y económicos derivados de la administración de trastuzumab en mujeres con HER2 positivo. El modelo incorpora cinco estados de transición: libre de enfermedad, recurrencia local, metástasis, falla cardiaca y muerte. La tasa de eventos y la razón de tazas instantáneas (0,51; IC95$ 71.491 por año de vida ganado ajustado por calidad de vida.Conclusión. El tratamiento con trastuzumab durante un año no es costo-efectivo en Colombia, utilizando la definición de costo-efectividad de la OMS de menos de dos a tres veces el PIB per cápita por año de vida ganado ajustado por calidad de vida.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i3.83

Estimation of the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to modifiable risk factors and cost-effectiveness analysis of preventative interventions to reduce this burden in Argentina

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in Argentina representing 34.2% of deaths and 12.6% of potential years of life lost (PYLL). The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and the cost-effectiveness of preventative population-based and clinical interventions. Methods. An epidemiological model was built incorporating prevalence and distribution of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, obtained from the Argentine Survey of Risk Factors dataset. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of each risk factor was estimated using relative risks from international sources. Total fatal and non-fatal events, PYLL and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) were estimated. Costs of event were calculated from local utilization databases and expressed in international dollars (I$). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were estimated for six interventions: reducing salt in bread, mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation, pharmacological therapy of high blood pressure, pharmacological therapy of high cholesterol, tobacco cessation therapy with bupropion, and a multidrug strategy for people with an estimated absolute risk > 20$ 2,908 per DALY saved), mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation amongst smokers (I$3,186 per DALY saved), and lowering cholesterol with statin drug therapy (I$ 14,432 per DALY saved); and one intervention was not found to be cost-effective: tobacco cessation with bupropion (I$ 59,433 per DALY saved). Conclusions. Most of the interventions selected were cost-saving or very cost-effective. This study aims to inform policy makers on resource-allocation decisions to reduce the burden of CVD in Argentina.Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada (CENEXA

Estimation of the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to modifiable risk factors and cost-effectiveness analysis of preventative interventions to reduce this burden in Argentina

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in Argentina representing 34.2% of deaths and 12.6% of potential years of life lost (PYLL). The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and the cost-effectiveness of preventative population-based and clinical interventions. Methods. An epidemiological model was built incorporating prevalence and distribution of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, obtained from the Argentine Survey of Risk Factors dataset. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of each risk factor was estimated using relative risks from international sources. Total fatal and non-fatal events, PYLL and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) were estimated. Costs of event were calculated from local utilization databases and expressed in international dollars (I$). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were estimated for six interventions: reducing salt in bread, mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation, pharmacological therapy of high blood pressure, pharmacological therapy of high cholesterol, tobacco cessation therapy with bupropion, and a multidrug strategy for people with an estimated absolute risk > 20$ 2,908 per DALY saved), mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation amongst smokers (I$3,186 per DALY saved), and lowering cholesterol with statin drug therapy (I$ 14,432 per DALY saved); and one intervention was not found to be cost-effective: tobacco cessation with bupropion (I$ 59,433 per DALY saved). Conclusions. Most of the interventions selected were cost-saving or very cost-effective. This study aims to inform policy makers on resource-allocation decisions to reduce the burden of CVD in Argentina.Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada (CENEXA

Health and economic burden of sugar-sweetened beverages consumption in Brazil

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major source of added sugar and are associated with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as obesity and diabetes. This study assessed the impact of SSBs consumption on disease burden in Brazil, including deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and healthcare costs. A 3-stage methodology was used to assess the direct effects of SSBs on diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and body mass index (BMI), along with the influence of BMI on disease incidence. These assessments were then used to estimate the economic and health burden using population-attributable factors. Results showed that 2.7% and 11% of adult and children overweight/obesity cases were attributable to SSBs, respectively. SSBs consumption in Brazil led to 1,814,486 cases, 12,942 deaths, 362,088 DALYs, and USD 2,915.91 million in medical costs related to diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, oncological diseases, and other NCDs. Urgent implementation of public policies is crucial to address the consumption of SSBs, recognized as a key risk factor for NCDs

Estimation of the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to modifiable risk factors and cost-effectiveness analysis of preventative interventions to reduce this burden in Argentina

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in Argentina representing 34.2% of deaths and 12.6% of potential years of life lost (PYLL). The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and the cost-effectiveness of preventative population-based and clinical interventions. Methods. An epidemiological model was built incorporating prevalence and distribution of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, obtained from the Argentine Survey of Risk Factors dataset. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of each risk factor was estimated using relative risks from international sources. Total fatal and non-fatal events, PYLL and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) were estimated. Costs of event were calculated from local utilization databases and expressed in international dollars (I$). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were estimated for six interventions: reducing salt in bread, mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation, pharmacological therapy of high blood pressure, pharmacological therapy of high cholesterol, tobacco cessation therapy with bupropion, and a multidrug strategy for people with an estimated absolute risk > 20$ 2,908 per DALY saved), mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation amongst smokers (I$3,186 per DALY saved), and lowering cholesterol with statin drug therapy (I$ 14,432 per DALY saved); and one intervention was not found to be cost-effective: tobacco cessation with bupropion (I$ 59,433 per DALY saved). Conclusions. Most of the interventions selected were cost-saving or very cost-effective. This study aims to inform policy makers on resource-allocation decisions to reduce the burden of CVD in Argentina.Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada (CENEXA

Evaluación económica del trastuzumab como tratamiento adyuvante en cáncer de mama HER2-positivo en Colombia

Introducción. El trastuzumab es un anticuerpo monoclonal de reconocida efectividad para el tratamiento en mujeres con cáncer de mama positivo para HER2. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estudios de costo-efectividad se han llevado a cabo en países desarrollados. Objetivo. Determinar el costo-efectividad del tratamiento adyuvante con trastuzumab en mujeres concáncer de mama HER2+ en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se construyó un modelo de Markov, con ciclos de transición anuales y desde la perspectiva del pagador, para estimar los resultados clínicos y económicos derivados de la administración de trastuzumab en mujeres con HER2 positivo. El modelo incorpora cinco estados de transición: libre de enfermedad, recurrencia local, metástasis, falla cardiaca y muerte. La tasa de eventos y la razón de tazas instantáneas (0,51; IC95% 0,44-0,59; p<0,0001) se derivaron del reporte a cuatro años de los ensayos clínicos controlados N9831 y NSABP B-31. Los costos y las utilidades se estimados a partir de la literatura científica, utilizando una tasa de descuento del 5 % anual. Resultados. El modelo revela que la utilización de trastuzumab como tratamiento adyuvante prolongala expectativa de vida ajustada por calidad en 0,8 años, en comparación con la quimioterapia sin trastuzumab; a una razón de costo efectividad incremental (sic.) de US$ 71.491 por año de vida ganado ajustado por calidad de vida. Conclusión. El tratamiento con trastuzumab durante un año no es costo-efectivo en Colombia, utilizando la definición de costo-efectividad de la OMS de menos de dos a tres veces el PIB per cápita por año de vida ganado ajustado por calidad de vida. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v33i3.83