Relação entre saída precoce do leito na unidade de terapia intensiva.

Backgound and Objectives: The incidence of complications arising from the deleterious effects of immobility in the intensive care unit contributes to functional decline, increased length of hospital stay and reduced functionality. Physical therapy is able to promote recovery and preservation of functionality, which can minimize these complications - through early mobilization. To evaluate the functionality and independence of patients who underwent a early bed output in the Intensive Care Unit. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Santa Cruz Hospital and having a physiotherapy prescription. The patients were divided into conventional therapy group- control group and intervention group, who performed the protocol of early mobilization, promoting the bed output. The functionality was measured three times (retroactive to hospitalization, at discharge from the ICU and on hospital discharge) through the instrument Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results: Preliminary data indicates that the intervention group (n = 4) presented lower loss of functionality after discharge from the ICU, with a deficit of 19%, having recovered until the hospital discharge 97% of the prehospitalization measure. The control group (n = 5) showed higher loss in the ICU of 47.6%, and was discharged from hospital with only 72% of their basal rate. Conclusion: There was a lower loss rate and better recovery of functionality in the studied population when those were submitted to a systematized and early protocol of mobilization as well as shorter hospital stay.Justificativa e Objetivos: A incidência de complicações decorrentes dos efeitos deletérios da imobilidade na unidade de terapia intensiva contribui para o declínio funcional, aumento do tempo de internação e redução da funcionalidade. A fisioterapia é capaz de promover a recuperação e preservação da funcionalidade, podendo minimizar estas complicações – através da mobilização precoce. Objetivos: Avaliar a funcionalidade e independência de pacientes que realizaram a saída do leito precocemente na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos: Ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado, realizado com pacientes internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do Hospital Santa Cruz com prescrição médica de fisioterapia. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo de fisioterapia convencional – grupo controle e o grupo intervenção, que realizou o protocolo de mobilização precoce, promovendo a saída do leito. A funcionalidade foi medida em três tempos (retroativo a internação, na alta da UTI e na alta hospitalar) através do instrumento Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Resultados: Dados preliminares mostram que o grupo intervenção (n=4) apresentou menor perda da funcionalidade após a alta da UTI, com déficit de 19%, tendo recuperado até a alta hospitalar 97% da medida pré-hospitalização, enquanto o grupo controle (n=5) apresentou maior perda na UTI com 47,6%, e tendo alta hospitalar com apenas 72% do seu índice basal. Conclusão: Houve menor perda e melhor recuperação da taxa de funcionalidade na amostra estudada quando submetida a um protocolo de mobilização precoce e sistematizado, bem como menor tempo de internação

Maternal exposure to Cochlospermum regium: a toxicological evaluation

Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilg., Bixaceae, is a Brazilian plant widely used as a folk medicine in the southwestern of the Brazil to treat inflammation and infection diseases. However, the effects of C. regium hydroethanolic extract on pregnant rats have not been assessed. To evaluate the effects of the C. regium on pregnant rats during the organogenic period, the hydroethanolic extract was administered via gavage at a dose of 11.5 mg/kg/day to rats from 6th to 15th day of pregnancy. No clinical signs of maternal toxicity were observed. The placenta's and fetuses' weight were similar in control and treated animals. The term fetuses dis not present malformations or anomalies although the number of live fetuses and birth rate were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the C. regium hydroethanolic extract is nontoxicant to the pregnant rat although it would be likely to interfere in the progress of the embryofetal development

Adulteration and Contamination of Commercial Sap of Hymenaea Species

The Hymenaea stigonocarpa and Hymenaea martiana species, commonly known as “jatobá,” produce a sap which is extracted by perforation of the trunk and is commonly used in folk medicine as a tonic. For this study, the authenticity of commercial samples of jatobá was verified by the identification of the main compounds and multivariate analysis and contamination by microbial presence analysis. The acute toxicity of the authentic jatobá sap was also evaluated. The metabolites composition and multivariate analysis revealed that none of the commercial samples were authentic. In the microbiological contamination analysis, five of the six commercial samples showed positive cultures within the range of 1,700–100,000 CFU/mL and the authentic sap produced no signs of toxicity, and from a histological point of view, there was the maintenance of tissue integrity. In brief, the commercial samples were deemed inappropriate for consumption and represent a danger to the population

The mixture of cashew nut shell liquid and castor oil results in an efficient larvicide against Aedes aegypti that does not alter embryo-fetal development, reproductive performance or DNA integrity.

Dengue fever, chikungunya fever and Zika virus are epidemics in Brazil that are transmitted by mosquitoes, such as Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus. The liquid from shells of cashew nuts is attractive for its important biological and therapeutic activities, which include toxicity to mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. The present study evaluated the effects of a mixture of surfactants from natural cashew nutshell liquid and castor oil (named TaLCC-20) on the mortality of larvae and on the reproductive performance, embryonic and fetal development and genetic stability of Swiss mice. A total of 400 Ae. aegypti larvae (third larval stage) were treated with TaLCC-20 concentrations of 0.05 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, or 5 mg/L (ppm). Twenty pregnant female mice were also orally administered TaLCC-20 at doses of 5 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), and 10 animals were given only drinking water at 0.1 mL/10 g b.w. (orally). The results of a larvicide test demonstrated that 5 mg/mL TaLCC-20 killed 100% of larvae within three hours, which is comparable to the gold standard indicated by the Ministry of Health. Overall, these results show that TaLCC-20 is an efficient larvicide that does not induce genetic damage. In addition, changes in reproductive performance and embryo-fetal development appear positive, and the formulation is cost effective. Therefore, TaLCC-20 is an important product in the exploration of natural larvicides and can assist in fighting mosquitos as vectors for dengue fever, chikungunya fever and Zika virus, which are emerging/re-emerging and require proper management to ensure minimal harm to the human population. Therefore, TaLCC-20 can be considered a key alternative to commercial products, which are effective yet toxigenic

¹H-NMR spectra of natural CNSL (expanded region for aromatic protons).

<p>¹H-NMR spectra of natural CNSL (expanded region for aromatic protons).</p

HPLC chromatogram obtained from natural CNLS, cardol (1, 2 and 3), cardanol (4, 6 and 8), and anacardic acid (6, 7 and 9).

<p>HPLC chromatogram obtained from natural CNLS, cardol (1, 2 and 3), cardanol (4, 6 and 8), and anacardic acid (6, 7 and 9).</p

Micronucleus frequency after treatment.

<p>(Test: analysis of variance/Tukey, p<0.05).</p

Reproductive parameters for females treated with TaLCC.

<p>Reproductive parameters for females treated with TaLCC.</p