Glycosuria: A Study of 700 Cases

Abstract Not Provided

Determining the underlying Fermi surface of strongly correlated superconductors

The notion of a Fermi surface (FS) is one of the most ingenious concepts developed by solid state physicists during the past century. It plays a central role in our understanding of interacting electron systems. Extraordinary efforts have been undertaken, both by experiment and by theory, to reveal the FS of the high temperature superconductors (HTSC), the most prominent strongly correlated superconductors. Here, we discuss some of the prevalent methods used to determine the FS and show that they lead generally to erroneous results close to half filling and at low temperatures, due to the large superconducting gap (pseudogap) below (above) the superconducting transition temperature. Our findings provide a perspective on the interplay between strong correlations and superconductivity and highlight the importance of strong coupling theories for the characterization as well as the determination of the underlying FS in ARPES experiments

Addressing the Gender Gap: Women’s Perceived Barriers to Pursuing STEM Careers

This national study used the Delphi method to identify perceived barriers women face in the pursuit of STEM careers. The study used a series of three web-based questionnaires. The first round of the study used a questionnaire with an open-ended question to facilitate the generation of a wide array of response categories. In round two, respondents were asked to rate the 24 perceived barriers from round one on a Likert-type scale and to make changes as necessary. In round three, respondents were asked to provide a dichotomous indication of whether they agreed or disagreed with each of the items. Consensus on 22 perceived barriers was reached after three rounds. The major barriers identified by the respondents were: male domination of STEM careers, lack of awareness of educational and career opportunities, STEM education and toys directed at boys, a lack of female mentors/role models, minimization of barriers, personal expectations, the time required to become proficient in a STEM field, lack of encouragement from men, and the perceived glass ceiling of women in STEM careers. It is recommended that future research focus on the efficacy of formal, informal, and non-formal education models toward increasing awareness of educational and career opportunities in STEM. Researching effective methods to recruit and retain females in STEM degree programs is also suggested

Time Evolution of the Neel State

A quasionedimentional spin chain (s=1/2) is considered as a lattice consisting of two sublattices. The attention is paid to the states which are pure spin states of the whole lattice and both sublattices, the value of the sublattices' spins being maximum. It is shown that the Neel state can be considered as a superposition of such states. The exact equation for this superposition coefficients is developed. The possibility of the Neel state to be the eigenstate of a Hamiltonian is discussed. Several model Hamiltonians are examined, the well known ones and few novel Hamiltonians being considered. The time evolution of the Neel state in different models is studied with the help of Fock-Krylov method.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to IJQC. Typos corrected. Some results adde

Sensitivity of Southern Ocean overturning to wind stress changes:Role of surface restoring time scales

The influence of different surface restoring time scales on the response of the Southern Ocean overturning circulation to wind stress changes is investigated using an idealised channel model. Regardless of the restoring time scales chosen, the eddy-induced meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is found to compensate for changes of the direct wind-driven Eulerian-mean MOC, rendering the residual MOC less sensitive to wind stress changes. However, the extent of this compensation depends strongly on the restoring time scale: residual MOC sensitivity increases with decreasing restoring time scale. Strong surface restoring is shown to limit the ability of the eddy-induced MOC to change in response to wind stress changes and as such suppresses the eddy compensation effect. These model results are consistent with qualitative arguments derived fromresidual-mean theory andmay have important implications for interpreting past and future observations

Frustration effects in magnetic molecules

Besides being a fascinating class of new materials, magnetic molecules provide the opportunity to study concepts of condensed matter physics in zero dimensions. This contribution will exemplify the impact of molecular magnetism on concepts of frustrated spin systems. We will discuss spin rings and the unexpected rules that govern their low-energy behavior. Rotational bands, which are experimentally observed in various molecular magnets, provide a useful, simplified framework for characterizing the energy spectrum, but there are also deviations thereof with far-reaching consequences. It will be shown that localized independent magnons on certain frustrated spin systems lead to giant magnetization jumps, a new macroscopic quantum effect. In addition a frustration-induced metamagnetic phase transitions will be discussed, which demonstrates that hysteresis can exist without anisotropy. Finally, it is demonstrated that frustrated magnetic molecules could give rise to an enhanced magnetocaloric effect.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; submitted to J. Low. Temp. Phys.; proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Crystalline Organic Metals, Superconductors, and Ferromagnets (ISCOM

Restore: Bringing Awareness to Food Insecurity and Food Justice at Grand Valley State University

As food insecurity is becoming a factor among many college students, campus food pantries are opening across the country. ReStore is a food pantry at Grand Valley State University, created in April 2009 to help students who are not able to afford food or are unable to get to the local supermarket. The number of these students is alarming. Statistics show 25 percent of students, at the University of California at San Diego, skip meals due to not having money to buy food. ReStore is an asset to GVSU where it helps reduce food insecurity on campus. Campus food pantries run mostly on donations and ReStore is no exception to this. Research has shown food drives are a successful way to bring in food and personal items along with bringing awareness to the community (Access of West Michigan, 2006). Our semester long effort aims to bring ReStore more than one food drive a year to help keep their shelves stocked for the growing demand of students who will utilize this resource. Our group organized a schedule of different departments/divisions associated with GVSU to participate in one of three food drives to be held throughout the year. We unfortunately cannot convince or force faculty/staff to donate, which makes it difficult to ensure the food drives will continue past our involvement this semester. Our hope is that future students will continue the work we have started and that the system we put into place ensures ReStore will continue to stay fully stocked throughout the year to assist those students who need it

Asymmetry of the electron spectrum in hole-doped and electron-doped cuprates

Within the t-t'-J model, the asymmetry of the electron spectrum and quasiparticle dispersion in hole-doped and electron-doped cuprates is discussed. It is shown that the quasiparticle dispersions of both hole-doped and electron-doped cuprates exhibit the flat band around the (\pi,0) point below the Fermi energy. The lowest energy states are located at the (\pi/2,\pi/2) point for the hole doping, while they appear at the (\pi,0) point in the electron-doped case due to the electron-hole asymmetry. Our results also show that the unusual behavior of the electron spectrum and quasiparticle dispersion is intriguingly related to the strong coupling between the electron quasiparticles and collective magnetic excitations.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, typo corrected, added detailed calculations and updated figure 3 and references, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.