Perceção dos portugueses sobre a atividade de Glamping

O glamping é considerado uma forma de campismo luxuoso, um tipo de turismo ligado à natureza, ao lazer e à diversão, cuja oferta e procura têm vindo a crescer cada vez mais ao longo dos anos, proporcionando novas experiências à medida que os consumidores procuram novas e diferentes formas de descansar. O glamping veio renovar o campismo tradicional, oferecendo características e atributos novos, de grande qualidade, e que pretendem dar às pessoas uma experiência de luxo junto da natureza. O campismo de luxo tem vindo a crescer bastante nos últimos anos em todo o mundo, e em Portugal não é exceção. A presente dissertação aborda as características do glamping e pretende apresentar as perceções que os portugueses têm sobre o conceito de glamping, as suas características e estruturas, revelando assim alguns pontos importantes a serem geridos pela oferta turística; Abstract: Portuguese Perception on Glamping Activity - Glamping is considered a form of luxury camping, a type of tourism linked to nature, leisure and fun, which has been growing over the years, providing new experiences as consumers seek new and different ways to rest. Glamping has renewed the traditional camping, offering new features and attributes, of great quality, which aim to give people a luxurious experience close to nature. Luxury camping has been growing a lot in the last years all over the world, and Portugal is no exception. This dissertation discusses the characteristics of glamping and intends to present the perceptions that Portuguese people have about the concept of glamping, its’ characteristics and structures, thus revealing some important points to be handled by the tourism offer

Paralytic shellfish toxins and ocean warming: bioaccumulation and ecotoxicological responses in jujvenile Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

Warmer seawater temperatures are expected to increase harmful algal blooms (HABs) occurrence, intensity, and distribution. Yet, the potential interactions between abiotic stressors and HABs are still poorly understood from ecological and seafood safety perspectives. The present study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the bioaccumulation/depuration mechanisms and ecotoxicological responses of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) exposed to paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) under different temperatures (18, 21, 24 °C). PST were detected in fish at the peak of the exposure period (day five, 0.22 µg g-1 N-sulfocarbamoylGonyautoxin-1-2 (C1 and C2), 0.08 µg g-1 Decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX) and 0.18 µg g-1 Gonyautoxin-5 (B1)), being rapidly eliminated (within the first 24 h of depuration), regardless of exposure temperature. Increased temperatures led to significantly higher PST contamination (275 µg STX eq. kg-1). During the trial, fish antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione S-transferase, GST) in both muscle and viscera were affected by temperature, whereas a significant induction of heat shock proteins (HSP70), Ubiquitin (Ub) activity (viscera), and lipid peroxidation (LPO; muscle) was observed under the combination of warming and PST exposure. The differential bioaccumulation and biomarker responses observed highlight the need to further understand the interactive effects between PST and abiotic stressors, to better estimate climate change impacts on HABs events, and to develop mitigation strategies to overcome the potential risks associated with seafood consumption.Agência financiadora European Union (EU) 678193 Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) IF/00253/2014 CEECIND/01739/2017 UID/Multi/04326/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Clams from Tagus estuary : microbiological, physiological and chemical responses to depuration, transpot and environmental stress

Tese de doutoramento, Biologia (Biologia Marinha e Aquacultuta), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2014Bivalves are extremely important in Portuguese economy and gastronomy, being clams the main species consumed. Nevertheless, bivalve consumption raises specific food safety concerns, particularly due to the accumulation of biological contaminants, including microbial and chemical, as they are filter‐feeders inhabiting estuaries constantly subjected to contamination and climate variability. In this context, the main objectives of this dissertation were to investigate the bivalve consumption behaviour, to compare the microbiological, chemical and physiological responses of native and invasive clams to depuration and transport in semi‐dry conditions at optimal and stressful temperatures, and to assess the impact of warming in bivalve metabolism, oxidative stress and nutritional quality. Bivalve consumer's presented risky behaviours that differed according to their demographic and socio‐economic characteristics. Higher bacterial levels were observed in invasive species, regardless of season and environmental parameters (higher Escherichia coli and total viable counts in winter and Vibrio spp. in summer). Depuration was an efficient process to reduce the levels of E. coli and toxic elements (particularly Pb) in different bivalves to levels considered as acceptable for human consumption, but not to eliminate Vibrio spp. Transport at 4 °C was indeed the best solution to maintain good physiological conditions of clams and to avoid the Vibrio spp. growth. Despite invasive clam species demonstrated higher survival at lower temperatures compared to the native ones, they also revealed similar upper thermal tolerance limits. Distinct physiological requirements and mechanisms of defence against warming were observed: while the invasive closes the valves, the native uses glycogen and fatty acids as energy sources, and displayed higher metabolism, activity of antioxidant enzymes, heat shock proteins and lipid peroxidation. Overall, the main outputs of this dissertation allowed to correctly predict the risks associated with bivalve consumption to greatly improve the knowledge of stress physiology in native and invasive clams.Os bivalves são extremamente importantes na economia e gastronomia portuguesa, sendo as amêijoas as principais espécies consumidas. Contudo, o seu consumo levanta preocupações acrescidas de segurança alimentar devido à acumulação de contaminantes biológicos, incluindo os microbiológicos e químicos, dado que são organismos filtradores que habitam em estuários constantemente sujeitos a contaminação e variabilidade climática. Neste contexto, os objetivos desta dissertação foram investigar o comportamento dos consumidores de bivalves, comparar as respostas microbiológicas, químicas e fisiológicas de amêijoas nativas e invasoras à depuração e transporte em condições semi‐secas a diversas temperaturas, e avaliar o impacto do aquecimento no metabolismo, stress oxidativo e qualidade nutricional. Os consumidores de bivalves apresentaram comportamentos de risco que diferem de acordo com as suas características demográficas e socioeconómicas. Foram observados níveis mais elevados de bactérias nas espécies invasoras, independentemente da época do ano e parâmetros ambientais (Escherichia coli e contagens totais de viáveis no inverno e Vibrio spp. no verão). A depuração revelou‐se eficiente na redução dos níveis de E. coli e elementos tóxicos (particularmente Pb) em diferentes bivalves para níveis considerados aceitáveis para consumo humano, mas não é eficiente na eliminação do Vibrio spp. O transporte a 4 °C permitiu melhores condições fisiológicas das amêijoas e evitou o crescimento de Vibrio spp. Apesar das amêijoas invasoras demonstrarem maior sobrevivência a temperaturas baixas em relação às nativas, mostraram igualmente limites de tolerância térmica superiores similares. Distintos requisitos fisiológicos e mecanismos de defesa contra o aquecimento foram observados: enquanto a invasora fechou as valvas, a nativa usou glicogénio e ácidos gordos como fontes de energia, e revelou maiores taxas metabólicas, atividades de enzimas antioxidantes, proteínas de choque térmico e peroxidação lipídica. Os resultados desta dissertação permitem compreender os riscos associados ao consumo de bivalves e os mecanismos fisiológicos de tolerância ao stress em amêijoas nativas e invasoras.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

A utilização de modos suaves no triângulo urbano concelhio Loulé-Quarteira-Almancil: desafios e oportunidades para uma política de mobilidade sustentável

O presente artigo tem como objetivo averiguar em que medida a existência de infraestruturas e serviços ligados à mobilidade suave são suficientes para o desenvolvimento destas práticas por parte da sua população. Em termos metodológicos, para a análise da oferta recorreu-se à identificação da rede viária, de transportes públicos e ciclável, utilizando os SIG, no sentido de identificar as áreas com melhor nível de serviço; na análise da procura, realizaram-se 68 inquéritos à população do concelho de Loulé, com finalidade de perceber a frequência, amplitude e modos de deslocação no seu dia-a-dia. Como conclusão, podemos avançar que o contributo da mobilidade suave para a sustentabilidade ainda é limitado, suscitando a necessidade de um plano de mobilidade favorecedor da intermodalidade, no contexto territorial analisado.This article aims to analyse the measures in which the infrastructure and services related to soft mobility are sufficient for the development of this practice for its population. The methodology used was the identification of road network, public transportation and cycling using GIS, in order to find the areas with best service. For the research, 68 surveys were distributed to the population of Loulé, with the objective of trying to find the frequency, amplitude and ways of everyday travel. In conclusion, we can state that the contribution of soft mobility to sustainability is still limited, getting the necessity of a mobility plan that favours intermodality in the analysed territorial context.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa sob técnica de substituição da função renal contínua: scoping review

Introduction: Acute kidney injury is one of the leading causes of death or disability worldwide. The objective of the treatment is focused on homeostasis, one of the possible therapies is continuous renal replacement therapy. Objective: Map in the scientific literature the nursing care for the person with acute kidney injury under the Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in the context of an Intensive Care Unit. Materials and methods: Scoping Review according to Joana Briggs Institute, from March to July 2022, using the REDIB, BVS databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, BINACIS, Sec. Est. Health, EBSCO Discovery Service: Mediclatina, MEDLINE, CINAHL-complete and Nursing Reference Center Plus. A search of the DeCS/Mesh descriptors was carried out, validated in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The descriptors were conjugated with the AND, OR and NOT operators. Results: For this review, 9 articles were included. The analysis was extracted from the nursing care provided to the person using the continuous renal replacement therapy. They are related to the person’s well-being and comfort, the quality of treatment, and the prevention and management of complications. Discussion and conclusions: Based on the studies selected in this review, nursing care was grouped into three (3) categories: the person’s well-being and comfort; the quality of treatment that relates to i) dialysis machine and circuit care, ii) pre-dialysis care, iii) intradialysis care, iv) post-dialysis care; and the prevention and management of complications related to i) vascular access, ii) anticoagulation and iii) treatment. The best way to manage acute kidney injury and the problems associated with the continuous renal replacement therapy. The nurse in this situation must intervene, seeking to prevent complications that may occur during treatment, promoting the person’s comfort.Introdução: A lesão renal aguda é umas das principais causas de morte ou incapacidade em todo o mundo. O objetivo do tratamento foca-se na homeostasia, sendo uma das terapias possíveis, a técnica de substituição da função renal contínua. Objetivo: Mapear na literatura científica os cuidados de enfermagem à pessoa com lesão renal aguda sob técnica de substituição da função renal contínua em contexto de Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos. Materiais e métodos: Scoping review de acordo com Joana Briggs Institute, no período de março a julho de 2022, com recurso às bases de dados REDIB, BVS: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF, BINACIS, Sec. Est. Saúde, EBSCO Discovery Service: Mediclatina, MEDLINE, CINAHLcomplete e Nursing Reference Center Plus. Foi realizada uma pesquisa dos descritores na DeCS/Mesh, validados na língua portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Os descritores foram conjugados com os operadores AND, OR e NOT. Resultados: Para esta revisão foram incluídos 9 artigos. Da análise foram extraídos os cuidados de enfermagem a ter com a pessoa sob técnica de substituição da função renal contínua. Eles estão relacionados com o bem-estar e conforto da pessoa, a qualidade de tratamento e a prevenção e gestão de complicações. Discussão e conclusões: A partir dos estudos selecionados nesta revisão os cuidados de enfermagem foram agrupados em três (3) categorias: o bem-estar e conforto da pessoa; a qualidade do tratamento que se relaciona com i) cuidados com máquina de diálise e circuito, ii) cuidados pré-dialíticos, iii) cuidados intradialíticos, iv) cuidados pós-dialíticos; e a prevenção e gestão de complicações relacionadas com i) acesso vascular, ii) anticoagulação e iii) tratamento. A prevenção é a melhor forma de gerir a lesão renal aguda e os problemas associados à técnica de substituição da função renal contínua promovendo o conforto da pessoa

Occurrence and seasonal variation of several endocrine disruptor compounds (pesticides, bisphenols, musks and UV-filters) in water and sediments from the estuaries of Tagus and Douro Rivers (NE Atlantic Ocean coast)

Funding Information: This work was supported by FEDER (Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização - COMPETE 2020), from PIDDAC through FCT/MCTES project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028708-PTDC/ASP-PES/28708/2017 , by UIDB/04423/2020 and AgriFood XXI R&D&I project, operation No. NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000041 , co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through NORTH 2020 ( Northern Regional Operational Program 2014/2020 ). The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported the contract of Sara C. Cunha (IF/01616/2015), the Ph.D. Grant of Isa Marmelo (DFA/BD/4413/2020) and the contract of Patrícia Anacleto (CEECIND/01739/2017). Other support was provided by the Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Ecology, Department of Population Studies of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS) of the University of Porto , and by the Strategic Funding UIDB/Multi/04423/2019 , UIDB/04423/2020 and LA/P/0101/2020 through national funds provided by FCT and ERDF in the framework of the programme Portugal 2020 to CIIMAR. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.Exposure of aquatic environments to emerging contaminants is a global issue, special relevant in many estuaries due to impacts from anthropogenic activity. The aim of this work was to evaluate thirty-seven endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) from four different classes (pesticides, bisphenols, polycyclic musks and UV-filters) in water and sediment samples collected during one-year in the estuaries of Tagus and Douro Rivers located into the NE Atlantic Ocean coast. EDCs analysis was achieved afterward validation of a gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method using Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) as extraction procedure for water samples, and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Efficient, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) combined with DLLME for sediments. Tagus estuary presented higher levels of contamination with pesticide residues and bisphenols (BPs) than the Douro estuary in both water and sediment samples. Contrariwise, levels and frequency of polycyclic musks (PCMs) and UV-filters (UVF) were slightly higher in Douro estuary. Levels of pesticide residues in both sediment and water samples, and levels of PCMs and UVF in water samples were higher in warmer seasons (summer and spring) than in colder ones (winter and autumn). The opposite was found in what respect levels of BPs in water and sediment samples, and PCMs and UVF levels in sediment samples. Although the levels found for each contaminant are low, usually in the order of a few ng/mL(g), the presence of a high number of toxic compounds is a source of concern and requires constant monitoring.publishersversionpublishe

Impacts of ocean warming and acidification on the energy budget of three commercially important fish species

Funding This study was supported by the project FISHBUDGET -Effects of climate change on marine fish energy budgets (PTDC/BIA-BMA/28630/2017) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). FCT also supported the contract of Patrícia Anacleto in the framework of the CEECIND 2017 (CEECIND/01739/2017). Acknowledgments This study benefited from the strategic project UIDB/04292/2020 awarded to MARE and through project LA/P/0069/2020 granted to the Associate Laboratory ARNET funded by the FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES), and through other national funds (UIDB/50006/2020). The authors thank the Sparos, Lda company for providing the fish feed, and Olhão Pilot Fish Farming Station team (EPPO-IPMA) for providing the juvenile fish for trials. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press and the Society for Experimental Biology.A mechanistic model based on Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory was developed to predict the combined effects of ocean warming, acidification and decreased food availability on growth and reproduction of three commercially important marine fish species: white seabream (Diplodus sargus), zebra seabream (Diplodus cervinus) and Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). Model simulations used a parameter set for each species, estimated by the Add-my-Pet method using data from laboratory experiments complemented with bibliographic sources. An acidification stress factor was added as a modifier of the somatic maintenance costs and estimated for each species to quantify the effect of a decrease in pH from 8.0 to 7.4 (white seabream) or 7.7 (zebra seabream and Senegalese sole). The model was used to project total length of individuals along their usual lifespan and number of eggs produced by an adult individual within one year, under different climate change scenarios for the end of the 21st century. For the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change SSP5-8.5, ocean warming led to higher growth rates during the first years of development, as well as an increase of 32-34% in egg production, for the three species. Ocean acidification contributed to reduced growth for white seabream and Senegalese sole and a small increase for zebra seabream, as well as a decrease in egg production of 48-52% and 14-33% for white seabream and Senegalese sole, respectively, and an increase of 4-5% for zebra seabream. The combined effect of ocean warming and acidification is strongly dependent on the decrease of food availability, which leads to significant reduction in growth and egg production. This is the first study to assess the combined effects of ocean warming and acidification using DEB models on fish, therefore, further research is needed for a better understanding of these climate change-related effects among different taxonomic groups and species.publishersversionpublishe

Seasonal occurrence and risk assessment of endocrine-disrupting compounds in Tagus estuary biota (NE Atlantic Ocean coast)

Funding Information: This work was supported by FEDER (Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização - COMPETE 2020), from PIDDAC through FCT/MCTES project POCI-01–0145-FEDER-028708-PTDC/ASP-PES/28708/2017 , by UIDB/50006/2020 and AgriFood XXI R&D&I project, operation No. NORTE-01–0145-FEDER-000041 , co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund ( ERDF ) through NORTH 2020 (Northern Regional Operational Program 2014/2020 ). Funding Information: Sara C. Cunha acknowledges FCT for IF/01616/2015 contract, IM acknowledges FCT for Ph.D. Grant DFA/BD/4413/2020 and PA acknowledges FCT for CEECIND/01739/2017 contract. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The AuthorsEstuaries are continually threatened by anthropogenic pressures, consequently, a large group of contaminants harmful to human health affects the aquatic biota; therefore, it is necessary to monitor their quality. This study deals with the determination of a large group of compounds representing different endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) classes [21 pesticides, 4 polycyclic musk fragrances, 4 UV-filters, 7 bisphenols, 6 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and 8 of their methoxylated (MeO-BDEs)] in several estuarine species (fish, bivalves, crustaceans, earthworm, and macroalgae) collected seasonally along one year in two distinct areas of Tagus River estuary (“contaminated” vs. “clean” areas). The most abundant compounds found were galaxolide (HHCB) (81% positive samples; 0.04–74 ng/g ww), isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate (IMC) (64%; 1.13–251 ng/g ww), alachlor (44%; 0.08–16 ng/g ww), and BDE-47 (36%; 0.06–2.26 ng/g ww). Polycyclic musks were the most frequent contaminants in fish (seabass, barbus, mullet, and sole) and macroalgae samples, while UV-filters were predominant in bivalves and crustaceans, and bisphenols in earthworms. Seasonal variation was verified for Σpesticides and Σmusks, with significantly higher levels in summer and autumn, whereas ΣUV-filters highest levels were found in spring and summer, and for ΣPBDEs statistically higher levels were registered in cold seasons (autumn and winter). Σbisphenols were significantly lower in spring than in the other seasons. In general, considering all species analysed in both areas, no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) were verified between the two collection areas. Based on the estimated daily intake data, consumption of fish from this estuary is unlikely to be a human health concern, since the levels of contamination were below the toxicological threshold values. Overall, the data obtained in this study will allow regulatory authorities to identify and prioritize contaminants monitoring programs in estuaries, such as the case of bisphenol A, which was found, for the first time, in earthworm and clam species.publishersversionpublishe

AVALIAÇÃO DO CONSUMO DE PALMITO DE PUPUNHA NO LITORAL DO PARANÁ EVALUATION OF CONSUMPTION OF HEART-OF-PALM OF THE PEJIBAYE IN THE COAST OF PARANÁ

A Bactris gasipaes Kunth é uma palmácea que produz o palmito utilizado na alimentação humana, popularmente conhecida como pupunha. É uma palmeira resultante da domesticação de várias espécies silvestres, portanto uma planta não extrativista, sendo considerada alternativa econômica a produtores rurais. No litoral do Paraná, região onde tradicionalmente é industrializado palmito de espécies nativas, a partir de 2000 ocorreu um crescimento de áreas cultivadas da pupunha. A pupunha continua tendo restrições no momento da comercialização do produto industrializado devido ao sabor adocicado da espécie. A pesquisa teve por proposta avaliar a aceitação ou rejeição no consumo do palmito de pupunha em conserva em comparação com o palmito Jussara (Euterpe endules), espécie de maior aceitação popular na região da pesquisa. Um total de 80 indivíduos participaram da avaliação sensorial, que foi acompanhado de um questionário de caracterização do perfil do consumidor. O preço do palmito foi o principal fator de influência no consumo. O palmito de pupunha quando avaliado em testes cegos não sofre rejeição dos consumidores. Abstract The Bactris gasipaes Kunth is a palm that produces the heart of palm used in the human feeding, popularly known as pejibaye. It is a resultant palm tree from the domestication of several wild species, therefore a no extractivist plant, being considered an economic alternative to the agricultural producers. In the Paraná coast, the region where traditionally it is industrialized native species of heart of palm, from 2000 started to occur a growth of cultivated areas of pejibaye. The pejibaye palm continues having restrictions at the industrialization product commercialization moment due to the sweet flavor of the species. The research had the proposal to evaluate the acceptance or rejection in the consumption of this heart of palm (pejibaye) in conserve in comparison to the heart of palm Jussara (Euterpe endules), species of larger popular acceptance in the region of the research. A total of 80 individuals participated of the sensorial evaluation, which had a questionnaire of consumer profile characterization. The price of the heart of palm was the main influence factor of consumption. The pejibaye heart of palm when evaluated in blind tests does not suffer rejection from the consumers