Siniša Glavašević and The Town

U ovome je radu istraživanje usmjereno na promatranje grada kao književnoga fenomena, figure pamćenja i sjećanja. Grad se Vukovar kroz književno djelo Siniše Glavaševića promatra kao simbol nacionalnoga otpora i razaranja, ali i grada koji u povijesti te u nadi budućnosti ima priliku vratiti svjetlost u svoje žitelje i tako se obnoviti. U radu se utemeljuju postavke o promatranju grada kao mjesta pamćenja, koji čine individue sa svojim doživljavanjem i proživljavanjem ratne svakodnevice što naposljetku postaje kolektivna, o kulturno-povijesnoj memoriji grada i mnemotehničkim mehanizmima koji su česti u Pričama iz Vukovara

Do we need broad immunological work-up in all patients with CIS?

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of altered immunological tests and their clinical significance in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). ----- PATIENTS AND METHODS: The information was gathered from medical records of patients hospitalized in the Referral Center for Demyelinating Diseases in the 2008-2010 period. All patients had ANA, ENA profile, ANCA, aCl IgG and IgM, C3, C4, CH50, anti-TPO, AST and RF antibodies tested. ----- RESULTS: From 726 patients with CIS that were reviewed, the complete battery of immunological tests was performed in 418 of them (57.6%), representing our cohort. Altered tests were found in 235 patients (56.2%); 73 (17.4%) had positive antinuclear antibodies, 14 (3.3%) had positive ENA, 47 (11.2%) had positive aCl IgG, 83 (19.8%) had positive aCl IgM, and 13 (3.1%) had anti TPO antibodies. We found no correlation between ANA, aCl IgG or IgM positivity (ANA vs aCL IgG p=0.554; ANA vs aCL IgM p=0.19; aCL IgG vs aCL IgM, p=0.155). None of the patients had any clinical manifestations other than MS symptoms. ----- CONCLUSION: These results indicate that significant number of patients with CIS have altered immunological tests but nevertheless none of them had clinical expression of any other autoimmune disease making them clinically insignificant. In conclusion there is no need to perform extensive immunological work-up in all patients with CIS. Contrary, our results argue for more focused testing rather than a battery of screening tests

Siniša Glavašević and The Town

U ovome je radu istraživanje usmjereno na promatranje grada kao književnoga fenomena, figure pamćenja i sjećanja. Grad se Vukovar kroz književno djelo Siniše Glavaševića promatra kao simbol nacionalnoga otpora i razaranja, ali i grada koji u povijesti te u nadi budućnosti ima priliku vratiti svjetlost u svoje žitelje i tako se obnoviti. U radu se utemeljuju postavke o promatranju grada kao mjesta pamćenja, koji čine individue sa svojim doživljavanjem i proživljavanjem ratne svakodnevice što naposljetku postaje kolektivna, o kulturno-povijesnoj memoriji grada i mnemotehničkim mehanizmima koji su česti u Pričama iz Vukovara

Književna, organska i mislena plodnost Slavonije

Prikaz knjige: Vlasta MARKASOVIĆ, Rukopis ravnice, Knjižnica Pannonius, DHK Ogranak slavonsko-baranjsko-srijemski, Osijek, 2011., 275 str

The position of reality in Julije Knifer’s artistc text and in Slavonian war prose

Status stvarnosti u likovnoj i književnoj umjetnosti predmet je istraživanja ovoga rada. Komparativnim čitanjem likovnoga i književnog teksta istražit će se različiti modeli transponiranja stvarnosti u umjetnički diskurs te njihovi semantički učinci u obje umjetnosti, kao i potencijalne strategijske dodirne točke tih dviju umjetnosti. U fokusu će istraživanja biti slikarstvo Julija Knifera i dnevnička proza Davora Špišića kao dio korpusa slavonske ratne proze.The status of ”reality” in visual and literary art is the subject of research of this paper. By doing a comparative reading of both a visual and a literary text, different reality transposition models and semantic aspects in both arts will be pursued, as well as potential strategic characteristics that they have in common. The focus of this paper will be Julije Knifer’s paintings and Davor Špišić’s journal integrated as part of Slavonian war prose

Siniša Glavašević and The Town

U ovome je radu istraživanje usmjereno na promatranje grada kao književnoga fenomena, figure pamćenja i sjećanja. Grad se Vukovar kroz književno djelo Siniše Glavaševića promatra kao simbol nacionalnoga otpora i razaranja, ali i grada koji u povijesti te u nadi budućnosti ima priliku vratiti svjetlost u svoje žitelje i tako se obnoviti. U radu se utemeljuju postavke o promatranju grada kao mjesta pamćenja, koji čine individue sa svojim doživljavanjem i proživljavanjem ratne svakodnevice što naposljetku postaje kolektivna, o kulturno-povijesnoj memoriji grada i mnemotehničkim mehanizmima koji su česti u Pričama iz Vukovara

Siniša Glavašević and The Town

U ovome je radu istraživanje usmjereno na promatranje grada kao književnoga fenomena, figure pamćenja i sjećanja. Grad se Vukovar kroz književno djelo Siniše Glavaševića promatra kao simbol nacionalnoga otpora i razaranja, ali i grada koji u povijesti te u nadi budućnosti ima priliku vratiti svjetlost u svoje žitelje i tako se obnoviti. U radu se utemeljuju postavke o promatranju grada kao mjesta pamćenja, koji čine individue sa svojim doživljavanjem i proživljavanjem ratne svakodnevice što naposljetku postaje kolektivna, o kulturno-povijesnoj memoriji grada i mnemotehničkim mehanizmima koji su česti u Pričama iz Vukovara

Using a lung model at biology lessons in elementary school

Učitelji se pri pouku biologije večkrat srečujejo s pojmi ali procesi, pri katerih je potrebna dodatna in nazorna razlaga, da bi jih učenci bolje razumeli. Učitelji lahko s pomočjo modelov prepoznajo mentalne modele učencev in z njihovo pomočjo premostijo napačne predstave, ki jih imajo učenci. Modeli namreč spodbujajo preiskovanje, razumevanje in komunikacijo, zaradi česar so ključna orodja za razmišljanje in znanstveno delovanje. Z raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti, ali uporaba modela pljuč pri pouku biologije izboljša znanje učencev o dihalih in dihanju ter ali je znanje učencev odvisno tudi od tega, ali sami sestavijo model ali pa dobijo že izdelanega. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 115 učencev 8. razreda treh osnovnih šol. Pripravili smo dve učni uri, ki sta bili razdeljeni na tri glave dele: uvod, obravnavo učne snovi in zaključek. Uvod in zaključek sta bila pri obeh urah enaka, razlika pa je bila v osrednjem delu, saj so učenci pri »Učni uri 1« dobili sestavljen model pljuč, pri »Učni uri 2« pa so model (s pomočjo pripravljenih pripomočkov) sestavili sami. Podatke smo zbrali s testom znanja o dihalih ter z anketnim vprašalnikom. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so učenci po izvedeni učni uri uspešneje reševali test znanja o dihalih. Uporaba modela se je večini učencev zdela koristna, z njim so tudi bolje razumeli snov učne ure. Ugotovili smo tudi, da učenci, ki so sami sestavili model pljuč, niso dosegli boljših rezultatov pri reševanju testa znanja o dihalih. Prav tako ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik med učenci, ki so dobili pripravljen model, in tistimi, ki so ga sestavili sami, pri nalogah, ki so se nanašale na zgradbo dihalne poti, vdih in izdih, ter pri nalogah, ki so preverjale višje kognitivne ravni po Bloomu (uporaba in sinteza). Z magistrsko nalogo smo poglobili svoje razumevanje modelov in modeliranja. Naše ugotovitve so lahko v pomoč vsem, ki pri načrtovanju pouka različnih strok razmišljajo o uporabi modelov.Many times during biology classes teachers encounter certain concepts or processes that require additional and illustrative explanation in order for students to comprehend them. With the help of models, teachers may recognize students’ mental models and overcome existing wrong ideas. This is so because models actually encourage investigation, understanding and communication, which makes them essential tools for thinking and scientific action. In our research, we wanted to assess whether the usage of a lung model improves students’ knowledge about respiratory system and breathing, and whether students’ knowledge also depends on the model – if they have assembled it themselves or acquired a pre-assembled one. 115 eighth grade students from three different elementary schools have been surveyed. We prepared two lessons that were divided into three main parts: introduction, examination of the learning material and conclusion. Introduction and conclusion remained the same during both lessons. What differed was the examination. Students of “Lesson 1” received an already assembled lung model, while students of “Lesson 2” had to assemble the model by themselves with the help of learning material. We collected our data by testing the students’ knowledge about the respiratory system, and a survey questionnaire. Results of the survey have shown that after the conducted lesson students performed better on the test about the respiratory system. Most students found the usage of a lung model useful, and they also had better understanding of the lesson. We also concluded that students who had to assemble the lung model by themselves did not in fact achieve better results at the test about the respiratory system. There were also no statistically significant differences between students that did receive a pre-assembled lung model and those who did not in tasks, relating to the structure of the respiratory tract, inhalation, exhalation, and tasks that examined higher cognitive level, established by Bloom (use and synthesis). With this master thesis we have enhanced our understanding of models and modelling. Our findings may now help anyone who considers using a model when planning lessons of different disciplines

The efectiveness of model of the lungs in biology classes in primary school

In the introduction of this degree we have concentrated on the importance of motivation in class. Learning motivation is one of the most important factors of successful learning. Lack of motivation may cause pupils not to progress effectively. Motivation is defined as internal and external. While we have found that teachers can raise internal motivation using many different strategies, it is also important that they recognise the stages of pupils' internal motivation. Analysis has shown that curiosity, interest, evaluating and clear study goals are important sources of internal motivation. The teacher influences these sources of motivation during class, thus increasing pupils' commitment. In the degree we have chosen a model which draws the attention of pupils as a source of increasing motivation, because it brings an element of novelty and diversity to class. Specifically, we have concentrated on a model of lung function. We have analysed two confirmed 8th grade Biology textbook packs whilst concentrating on the topic of breathing. We have found that they cover the topic well and contain many sections that help with adoption of the matter. During literature check we have encountered false perceptions pupils have about breathing. We have prepared two learning units and an exam on the topic. Using the exam, we are going to test what pre-knowledge our pupils have and their possible misconceptions before the performance of the class. After the class we are going to find out whether it was successful or not. The classes differ in one having a control role (pupils will work theoretically without the lung model) and the other being experimental (pupils will work practically with the lung model). During the second stage of the research, taking place during master studies, we intend to test the efficiency of the prepared learning units on 8th graders

The role of physiotherapists in the prevention and treatment of specific injuries in runners

Trčanje je jedno od najčešćih aktivnosti te uz hodanje predstavlja osnovni oblik kretanja i izvrstan način za zadovoljavanje osnovne biološke potrebe čovjeka. Dostupno je cijeloj populaciji, a predstavlja jednu od najučinkovitijih, najekonomičnijih i najjednostavnijih tjelesnih aktivnosti. Spoznajom „zdravog života“ trčanje dobiva sve veću popularnost i postaje apsolutni hit današnjice. Naime, ono prevenira debljinu, bolesti srca, visoki krvni tlak i dijabetes tipa 2, smanjuje rizik od srčanog udara, povećava kardiorespiratorni kapacitet, poboljšava cirkulaciju i funkciju cijelog organizma, a uz to, promiče zdrave stilove života. No, jedan od najčešćih razloga za opuštanje u takvu tjelesnu aktivnost jest postizanje zadovoljavajućeg izgleda. Trčanje kao i ostali sport ima dvije strane medalje, odnosno pozitivnu i negativnu, a to su ozljede. Ozljede mogu nastati različitim načinima te različitim uzrocima. Najčešći razlog je neadekvatno zagrijavanje, nepravilna tehnika trčanja te neadekvatna oprema. Uganuće gležnja, plantarni fascitis, sindrom Ahilove tetive, trkačka potkoljenica, trkačko koljeno i sindrom prenaprezanja najčešće su ozljede u trkača. Prevencija je jedna od najvažnijih metoda u procesu sprječavanja ozljeda. Fizioterapeut predstavlja bitnu kariku u timu sportaša. Naime, edukacija trkača o pravilnoj tehnici i načinu trčanja te upoznavanje s mogućim rizicima koji pridonose ozljeđivanju, prvi je korak u prevenciji ozljeda trkača. Zadaća fizioterapeuta je osvještavanje trkača o važnosti zagrijavanja i istezanja, korištenju adekvatne opreme, postavljanju realnih i dostižnih ciljeva, ne zanemarivanju energetske potrebe organizma, prepoznavanju rizičnih čimbenika te adekvatnim reagiranjem na bol. Osim toga, važnost fizioterapeuta je u holističkom pristupu trkaču, stoga plan treninga mora sadržavati vježbe jakosti i snage, mišićne izdržljivosti, vježbe fleksibilnosti, propriocepcije i balansa, vježbe pravilnog hoda te vježbe za poboljšanje držanja tijela, a sve to u cilju prevencije ozljeda i što uspješnijeg trčanja. U radu je provedeno anketno istraživanje o specifičnosti trkača kojim se dobio uvid u najčešće ozljede trkača, duljini sputavanja ozljede u nastavku trčanja, karakteru trkača i njihovim stavovima prema zagrijavanju, istezanju, dodatnim aktivnostima, ali i energetskom unosu ispitanika i djelovanju trčanja na njihovu psihu.Running is one of the most frequent activities, and alongside walking it represents the basic form of movement and an excellent way to meet the basic biological needs of a person. It is accessible to the entire population and represents one of the most efficient, economical, and simplest physical activities. With the knowledge of “healthy life”, running gets more and more popularity and nowadays it is becoming an absolute hit. It prevents thickness, heart diseases, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, reduces the risk of heart attack, increases cardiorespiratory capacity, improves circulation and function of the entire body, and also promotes a healthy lifestyle. However, one of the most common reasons to take up such physical activity is to achieve a satisfactory appearance. Running, as well as other sports, has two sides of the medal, that is, positive and negative, and these are injuries. Injuries can occur in different ways and with different causes. The most common reason is an inadequate warm-up, improper running technique, and inadequate equipment. Ankle sprain, plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendon syndrome, running shin, racing knee, and overstressing syndrome are the most common injuries among runners. Prevention is one of the most important methods in the process of preventing injuries. The physiotherapist represents an important part of the athletes' team. Namely, the first step in preventing runner injuries is educating the runners about the proper technique and manner of running and getting acquainted with the possible risks that contribute to injuries. The task of the physiotherapist is to educate the runners about the importance of warming up and stretching, the use of adequate equipment, setting realistic and attainable goals, not neglecting the energy needs of the body, recognizing risk factors, and adequately responding to pain. In addition, the importance of the physiotherapist is in the holistic approach to the runner, so the training plan must contain exercises of strength, muscle endurance, exercises of flexibility, proprioception and balance, exercises of correct walking and exercises for improvement of body posture, all to prevent injuries and contribute to more successful running. A survey on the specificity of runners was conducted in the paper, providing an insight into the most frequent injuries of runners, the length of restraining injuries in the continuation of runs, the character of runners and their attitudes towards warming, stretching, and additional activities, but also the energy input of examinees and the effect of running on their psyche