Comparative study of smears of spleen and peripheral blood for diagnosis of babesiosis in horses

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de comparar os resultados obtidos com o uso das técnicas de esfregaço de sangue periférico e de punção esplênica e de verificar uma metodologia simples e precisa para diagnóstico de babesioses em cavalos portadores subclínicos, submetidos ao esforço físico ou competições. Quinze equinos hígidos, sem sinais clínicos de babesiose, com peso médio de 350 Kg, idade entre 6 a 13 anos, de ambos os sexos e com histórico de infestação por carrapatos, foram utilizados. No esfregaço de sangue colhido da orelha, nenhum animal apresentou resultado positivo enquanto que na punção esplênica cinco animais foram positivos para a presença de Babesia caballi ou Theileria equi. Os dois métodos são de fácil realização, seguros e pouco invasivos, porém o esfregaço da punção esplênica parece ser mais eficaz em detectar casos latentes de babesiose em equinos. __________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe objective of this work was to compare the efficacy of these two techniques and to search for a simple and more precise diagnostic method for subclinical babesiosis in horses submitted to physical effort or competitions. Then, splenic punction and periferic blood smear were compared. Fifteen healthy horses, without clinical signs of babesiosis, median weight 350 Kg, age between six to thirteen years, both genders and with an history of tick infestation were used. Five animals were positive for Babesia caballi or Theileria equi, in splenic punction and none in blood smear. Both methods were little invasive, safe and easy to do, but the splenic punction smear seems to be more efficace to detect cronic babesioses in horses

Antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential of Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan

The aim of the present study was to perform an in vitro analysis of the antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential of an extract from Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan (angico) and chemically characterize the crude extract. Antimicrobial action was evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration, and the inhibition of formation to oral biofilm. Cell morphology was determined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Six strains of tumor cells were used for the determination of antiproliferative potential. The extract demonstrated strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 (MIC = 0.031 mg/mL), with similar activity found regarding the ethyl acetate fraction. The extract and active fraction also demonstrated the capacity to inhibit the formation of Candida albicans to oral biofilm after 48 hours, with median values equal to or greater than the control group, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance (P > 0.05). SEM revealed alterations in the cell morphology of the yeast. Regarding antiproliferative activity, the extract demonstrated cytostatic potential in all strains tested. The present findings suggest strong antifungal potential for Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan as well as a tendency toward diminishing the growth of human tumor cells.The aim of the present study was to perform an in vitro analysis of the antimicrobial and antiproliferative potential of an extract from Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan (angico) and chemically characterize the crude extract. Antimicrobial action was evaluated based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration, and the inhibition of formation to oral biofilm. Cell morphology was determined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Six strains of tumor cells were used for the determination of antiproliferative potential. The extract demonstrated strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 18804 ( mg/mL), with similar activity found regarding the ethyl acetate fraction. The extract and active fraction also demonstrated the capacity to inhibit the formation of Candida albicans to oral biofilm after 48 hours, with median values equal to or greater than the control group, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance . SEM revealed alterations in the cell morphology of the yeast. Regarding antiproliferative activity, the extract demonstrated cytostatic potential in all strains tested. The present findings suggest strong antifungal potential for Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan as well as a tendency toward diminishing the growth of human tumor cells201

A EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL E O DEBATE ACERCA DO ATENDIMENTO HUMANIZADO

The provision of health services permeates the interaction between professionals from different areas, highlighting the importance of the multidisciplinary team. Humanized care emerges as a crucial element in this context, aiming to provide a patient-centered approach, respecting their individuality and promoting comprehensive care. This study seeks to analyze the relationship between the performance of the multidisciplinary team and the implementation of humanized care, exploring the available literature to understand the practices, challenges and benefits associated with this approach in the healthcare setting. The methodology adopted consists of an integrative literature review, allowing a comprehensive analysis of relevant studies on the intersection between the multidisciplinary team and humanized care. The search and selection of articles were carried out systematically in scientific databases. The results reveal that the integrated action of the multidisciplinary team is essential to promote humanization in health care. The exchange of knowledge and collaboration between different professionals contribute to a more holistic and effective approach, meeting the physical, emotional and social needs of patients. Discussions address challenges faced by the multidisciplinary team, such as interdisciplinary communication and overcoming hierarchical barriers. Furthermore, the benefits of humanized care stand out, including greater patient satisfaction, improved adherence to treatment and strengthening of the therapeutic bond. This study highlights the importance of the multidisciplinary team in the context of humanized care, highlighting the need for policies and practices that encourage interdisciplinary collaboration. Promoting an organizational culture that values ​​humanization in care contributes to the quality and effectiveness of health services.A prestação de serviços de saúde permeia a interação entre profissionais de diversas áreas, destacando a importância da equipe multiprofissional. O atendimento humanizado emerge como um elemento crucial nesse contexto, visando proporcionar uma abordagem centrada no paciente, respeitando sua individualidade e promovendo a integralidade do cuidado. Este estudo busca analisar a relação entre a atuação da equipe multiprofissional e a implementação do atendimento humanizado, explorando a literatura disponível para compreender as práticas, desafios e benefícios associados a essa abordagem no cenário da saúde. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma revisão integrativa da literatura, permitindo a análise abrangente de estudos relevantes sobre a interseção entre a equipe multiprofissional e o atendimento humanizado. A busca e seleção dos artigos foram realizadas de forma sistemática em bases de dados científicas. Os resultados revelam que a atuação integrada da equipe multiprofissional é fundamental para promover a humanização no atendimento em saúde. A troca de conhecimentos e a colaboração entre diferentes profissionais contribuem para uma abordagem mais holística e eficaz, atendendo às necessidades físicas, emocionais e sociais dos pacientes. Discussões abordam desafios enfrentados pela equipe multiprofissional, como a comunicação interdisciplinar e a superação de barreiras hierárquicas. Além disso, destacam-se os benefícios do atendimento humanizado, incluindo maior satisfação do paciente, melhoria na adesão ao tratamento e fortalecimento do vínculo terapêutico. Este estudo ressalta a importância da equipe multiprofissional no contexto do atendimento humanizado, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas e práticas que incentivem a colaboração interdisciplinar. A promoção de uma cultura organizacional que valorize a humanização no cuidado contribui para a qualidade e efetividade dos serviços de saúde

Diretrizes para Cessação do Tabagismo

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga FilhoUniversidade Federal de Pelotas Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal da Bahia Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de Brasília Faculdade de MedicinaSecretaria de Estado de Saúde Coordenador do Controle do TabagismoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal do Mato Grosso Faculdade de Ciências MédicasMinistério da Saúde Instituto Nacional do CâncerPontifícia Universidade Católica Hospital Universitário Faculdade de MedicinaUNESP Faculdade de Medicina de BotucatuSecretaria de Estado de Saúde do Paraná Programa Estadual de Controle de TabagismoUniversidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de MedicinaUNIVAG Faculdade de OdontologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande Faculdade de MedicinaHospital de Messejana Ambulatório de Apoio ao TabagistaHospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São PauloUniversidade Federal do Mato Grosso do SulUNIFESP, Faculdade de MedicinaSciEL

Avaliação funcional multivariada em jogadores de futebol profissional: uma metanálise

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar, de modo amplo, o comportamento de variáveis importantes para a saúde preventiva e o desempenho atlético, em jogadores de futebol profissional. Além disso, o estudo tece comentários, através de longa revisão bibliográfica, sobre os resultados de nossos atletas e os observados na literatura especializada, nessa modalidade esportiva. Os futebolistas foram submetidos a uma bateria de testes clínicos, laboratoriais e de aptidão cardiorespiratória, metabólica e muscular, pré-participação ao Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol de 1996, que constou das seguintes variáveis: consumo de oxigênio, limiar anaeróbio ventilatório, eletrocardiografia em repouso e no exercício, potência muscular ( wingate), flexibilidade, hemograma, reações sorológicas para doença de Chagas, protoparasitológico, glicose, uréia, creatinina, colesterol total e frações, hormônios, eletrólitos, minerais, composição corporal, avaliação fisioterápica, odontológica e nutricional. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o emprego de uma avaliação multifatorial, em atletas de alto rendimento, é um procedimento importante para verificar se o nível de aptidão física está adequado e/ou detectar possíveis deficiências, que possam interferir no desempenho atlético dos futebolistas, durante os treinamentos e jogos

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of bacaba-de-leque (oenocarpus distichus mart.) genotypes

Phenolic compound composition and antioxidant capacity of four Oenocarpus distichus Mart. (bacaba-de-leque) genotypes were determined. In order to set the parameters for phenolic compound extraction, the effect of methanol concentration and extraction time on the reducing power of the extracts was evaluated using the surface response methodology. The optimal conditions were: a 60:40 methanol:water (v/v) solution and 11 min of extraction. Extracts were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Eleven substances were identified, of which six were quantified. Rutin was the major compound in bacaba-de-leque genotypes (15.2–56.8 μg.g−1) followed by epicatechin (15.5–21.2 μg.g−1). The Black-03 genotype had the highest amounts of all phenolic compounds and the highest antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ORAC assays, indicating that this genotype may be selected in breeding programs to obtain cultivars with higher phenolic compound contents and antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the results indicated that bacaba-de-leque has great potential as a novel supplier of phenolic acids and flavonoids to human diet, with levels comparable to or higher than other fruits belonging to the same family, such as açaí541

Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of açaí (euterpe oleracea) genotypes and commercial pulps

Açaí has been reported to contain many bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of pulps of three different açaí genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Eastern Amazon and three commercial açaí pulps from Belém, state of Pará, Brazil. RESULTS Anthocyanin 3‐rutinoside was the major anthocyanin present in freeze‐dried açaí pulp samples. The commercial sample C showed the greatest amounts of cyanidin 3‐glucoside and cyanidin 3‐rutinoside (18 942 and 34 397 µg g−1 respectively). The content of phenolic compounds varied significantly among the commercial and genotype samples, and vanillic acid was found in the highest concentration in the samples studied. All açaí samples showed high DPPH, ORAC and TEAC values, confirming the exceptionally high radical‐scavenging capacity of açaí pulp previously reported by other researchers. CONCLUSION The commercial samples showed higher antioxidant capacity and higher levels of anthocyanins and non‐anthocyanic compounds than those of the genotype samples. Among the genotypes studied, L4P16 stood out for its higher contents of fibre and bioactive compounds and higher antioxidant capacity, indicating that this genotype has great potential for use in plant breeding programs that should be further explored9751467147

Uma área de relevante interesse biológico, porém pouco conhecida: a Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande

A Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande (RFMG, 10.870 ha) é um dos maiores remanescentes florestais do Planalto Atlântico paulista, região que foi submetida a fortes pressões de desmatamento tanto para a agricultura quanto para a exploração da lenha e do carvão e, mais recentemente, para a expansão imobiliária. A RFMG situa-se sobre embasamento cristalino, justo acima da Serra de Paranapiacaba, em altitudes que variam de 860 a 1075 m, numa região de transição entre o clima pluvial tropical do litoral e da encosta Atlântica, com o clima estacional do interior do estado. Por conseguinte, suas florestas acabam tendo uma composição de espécies particular, com elementos das florestas ombrófila densa e mesófila semi-decidual. Apesar desta particularidade, não houve até recentemente praticamente nenhum estudo nas florestas do Morro Grande. Foi apenas a partir de 2000 que um grupo de pesquisadores, no contexto de um projeto temático vinculado ao programa BIOTA/FAPESP, procurou analisar de forma sistemática a composição de diferentes grupos taxonômicos, assim como caracterizar processos ecológicos associados com a regeneração florestal. Este artigo tem por objetivo introduzir uma série de nove artigos com os principais resultados dos levantamentos biológicos na RFMG, obtidos nos últimos quatro anos, assim como fazer uma caracterização do histórico e das condições abióticas na Reserva, em termos de embasamento geológico, pedológico, clima, hidrografia, e do uso e cobertura do território.The Morro Grande Forest Reserve (10,870 ha) is one of the biggest forest areas in the Atlantic Plateau. This region was intensively deforested for agriculture, wood and charcoal production, and more recently by the expansion of urban areas. The Reserve is located in the cristalline Plateau of Ibiúna, just above the Paranapiacaba Mountain (860 1075 m above sea level), in a transition region between the rainy climate from the Atlantic coast, and the seasonal climate from inland São Paulo state. As a consequence, species composition in Morro Grande Reserve combines elements from the tropical rainforest and the semideciduous forest. Despite this particularity, few studies were carried out in the forests from Morro Grande. It is only in 2000 that a group of scientist related to the BIOTA/FAPESP program began a systematic analysis of the species composition of different taxonomic groups, as well as the analysis of ecological processes related with forest regeneration. The present manuscript introduces a series of nine articles with the biological data obtained in the Reserve these last four years, and aims also to present an historical and abiotic description of the Reserve, highlighting aspects of the relief, geologic and pedological conditions, climate, hydrography, land use and land cover.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP