Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B binds to monocytes and macrophages modulating cell response to inflammation

Background: Antigen B (EgAgB) is an abundant lipoprotein released by the larva of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus into the host tissues. Its protein moiety belongs to the cestode-specific family known as hydrophobic ligand binding protein (HLBP), and is encoded by five gene subfamilies (EgAgB8/1-EgAgB8/5). The functions of EgAgB in parasite biology remain unclear. It may play a role in the parasite's lipid metabolism since it carries host lipids that E. granulosus is unable to synthesise. On the other hand, there is evidence supporting immuno-modulating activities in EgAgB, particularly on innate immune cells. Both hypothetical functions might involve EgAgB interactions with monocytes and macrophages, which have not been formally analysed yet. Methods: EgAgB binding to monocytes and macrophages was studied by flow cytometry using inflammation-recruited peritoneal cells and the THP-1 cell line. Involvement of the protein and phospholipid moieties in EgAgB binding to cells was analysed employing lipid-free recombinant EgAgB subunits and phospholipase D treated-EgAgB (lacking the polar head of phospholipids). Competition binding assays with plasma lipoproteins and ligands for lipoprotein receptors were performed to gain information about the putative EgAgB receptor(s) in these cells. Arginase-I induction and PMA/LPS-triggered IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion were examined to investigate the outcome of EgAgB binding on macrophage response. Results: Monocytes and macrophages bound native EgAgB specifically; this binding was also found with lipid-free rEgAgB8/1 and rEgAgB8/3, but not rEgAgB8/2 subunits. EgAgB phospholipase D-treatment, but not the competition with phospholipid vesicles, caused a strong inhibition of EgAgB binding activity, suggesting an indirect contribution of phospholipids to EgAgB-cell interaction. Furthermore, competition binding assays indicated that this interaction may involve receptors with affinity for plasma lipoproteins. At functional level, the exposure of macrophages to EgAgB induced a very modest arginase-I response and inhibited PMA/LPS-mediated IL-1β and TNF-α secretion in an IL-10-independent manner. Conclusion: EgAgB and, particularly its predominant EgAgB8/1 apolipoprotein, are potential ligands for monocyte and macrophage receptors. These receptors may also be involved in plasma lipoprotein recognition and induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages upon recognition of EgAgB

Expression of HMGCS2 in intestinal epithelial cells is downregulated in inflammatory bowel disease associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress.

INTRODUCTION The Unfolded Protein Response, a mechanism triggered by the cell in response to Endoplasmic reticulum stress, is linked to inflammatory responses. Our aim was to identify novel Unfolded Protein Response-mechanisms that might be involved in triggering or perpetuating the inflammatory response carried out by the Intestinal Epithelial Cells in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. METHODS We analyzed the transcriptional profile of human Intestinal Epithelial Cell lines treated with an Endoplasmic Reticulum stress inducer (thapsigargin) and/or proinflammatory stimuli. Several genes were further analyzed in colonic biopsies from Ulcerative Colitis patients and healthy controls. Lastly, we generated Caco-2 cells lacking HMGCS2 by CRISPR Cas-9 and analyzed the functional implications of its absence in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. RESULTS Exposure to a TLR ligand after thapsigargin treatment resulted in a powerful synergistic modulation of gene expression, which led us to identify new genes and pathways that could be involved in inflammatory responses linked to the Unfolded Protein Response. Key differentially expressed genes in the array also exhibited transcriptional alterations in colonic biopsies from active Ulcerative Colitis patients, including NKG2D ligands and the enzyme HMGCS2. Moreover, functional studies showed altered metabolic responses and epithelial barrier integrity in HMGCS2 deficient cell lines. CONCLUSION We have identified new genes and pathways that are regulated by the Unfolded Protein Response in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease including HMGCS2, a gene involved in the metabolism of Short Chain Fatty Acids that may have an important role in intestinal inflammation linked to Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and the resolution of the epithelial damage.This work was supported by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCIN) from Spain [SAF2016-78711R and PID202-11794 to EM-N and FJC]; Comunidad de Madrid [B2017/BMD-3727 to EMN and FJC]; Comunidad de Madrid (REACT-UE, ANTICIPA-CM Ref. PR38/21-24) to E.M-N and HORIZON-HLTH-2022-STAYHLTH-02 under agreement No 101095679 to FJC the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [ERC-2016- Consolidator Grant 725091 to DS]; MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 [PID2019-108157RB to DS]; la Caixa Foundation (ID 100010434) [LCF/BQ/PR20/11770008 to SW]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [PI18/00348 to VE]; ISCIII [PI21/01641 to RT-R]; Spanish National Research and Development Plan, ISCIII and FEDER [PI17/02303 and PI20/01837 to SR-P]; Proyecto Desarrollo Tecnológico [DTS19/00111 to SR-P], AEI/MICIU EXPLORA Project [BIO2017-91272-EXP to SR-P]; Programa Estratégico Instituto de Biologıa y Gene ́ ́ tica Molecular (IBGM), Junta de Castilla y León (CCVC8485) [PID2019-104218RB-I00 to DB]; NIH [DK088199 to RB] and Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM 920631) [CT42/ 18-CT43/18 and EB15/21 to BM-A].S

Soy Niña

Este libro pretende contribuir al reencuentro de la educación con esas finalidades que verdaderamente importan a una niña o un niño: ser feliz, jugar, vivir juntos y (no) aprender. Para ello hemos puesto el arte, nuestras experiencias y el saber acumulado al servicio del disfrute, el cuestionamiento, el análisis crítico y la construcción común de un presente deseable. Un texto colaborativo coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros y realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga

Técnicas alternativas de manejo de plantaciones de producción de madera de calidad en régimen intensivo

The use of broadleaves producing quality wood is seen as a way with great prospects for the future market. These plantations are managed in an intensive regime, carrying out a series of silvicultural operations aimed at reducing the cutting shifts, but they represent an important cost during long years in which there is no income from the plantation. The control of herbaceous vegetation and fertilization are two of the most critical management practices. The silvopastoral management and the implantation of legumes could allow to reduce the economic costs of these plantations, as well as to optimize the environmental functions of the same. The objective of this essay is to study the response of walnut in intensive crops (i) with different control techniques of the herbaceous stratum, mechanics (clearing and tillage) and grazing (silvopastoral management), and (ii) comparing traditional fertilization with implantation of legumes. We evaluated how these treatments affect the different nutrients (N, P, K and Ca) available in soil and their concentration in leaves. Its environmental implications have also been assessed through the evaluation of the control of nitrate leaching. Regarding vegetation control techniques, tillage brings impoverishment in the system at medium-term. On the other hand, grazing can be a more viable alternative thanks to the more effective use of the nutrients. The presence of legumes in the pasture could substitute in the medium term the nitrogen fertilizers, since it produces maximum values of nutrients in soil, although this translates punctually into a greater nitrate leaching, but only at the surface.El empleo de frondosas productoras de madera de calidad se contempla como una vía con grandes perspectivas de mercado futuro. Estas plantaciones se gestionan en régimen intensivo, llevando a cabo una serie de operaciones selvícolas encaminadas a reducir los turnos de corta, pero suponen un coste importante durante largos años en los que no existen ingresos provenientes de la plantación. El control de la vegetación herbácea y la fertilización son dos de las prácticas de manejo más críticas. El manejo silvopastoral y la implantación de praderas de leguminosas podrían permitir reducir los costes económicos de estas plantaciones, así como optimizar las funciones ambientales de las mismas. El objetivo de este ensayo es estudiar la respuesta del nogal en cultivos intensivos (i) con distintas técnicas de control del estrato herbáceo, mecánicas (desbroce y laboreo) y pastoreo (manejo silvopastoral), y (ii) comparando la fertilización tradicional con la implantación de leguminosas. Se han evaluado cómo afectan estos tratamientos a los distintos nutrientes (N, P, K y Ca) disponibles en suelo y su concentración en hoja. También se han valorado sus implicaciones ambientales mediante la evaluación del control del lixiviado de nitratos. Respecto a las técnicas de control de vegetación, el laboreo trae consigo un empobrecimiento a medio plazo en el sistema. En cambio, el pastoreo puede ser una alternativa más viable gracias al uso más efectivo de los nutrientes que realizan. La presencia de leguminosas en el pasto podría sustituir a medio plazo a los fertilizantes nitrogenados, ya que produce máximos valores de nutrientes en suelo, aunque esto se traduce puntualmente en un mayor lixiviado de nitrato, pero sólo en superficie

Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B binds to monocytes and macrophages modulating cell response to inflammation

Background: Antigen B (EgAgB) is an abundant lipoprotein released by the larva of the cestode Echinococcusgranulosus into the host tissues. Its protein moiety belongs to the cestode-specific family known as hydrophobicligand binding protein (HLBP), and is encoded by five gene subfamilies (EgAgB8/1-EgAgB8/5). The functions ofEgAgB in parasite biology remain unclear. It may play a role in the parasite?s lipid metabolism since it carries hostlipids that E. granulosus is unable to synthesise. On the other hand, there is evidence supporting immunomodulatingactivities in EgAgB, particularly on innate immune cells. Both hypothetical functions might involveEgAgB interactions with monocytes and macrophages, which have not been formally analysed yet.Methods: EgAgB binding to monocytes and macrophages was studied by flow cytometry using inflammationrecruitedperitoneal cells and the THP-1 cell line. Involvement of the protein and phospholipid moieties in EgAgBbinding to cells was analysed employing lipid-free recombinant EgAgB subunits and phospholipase D treatedEgAgB(lacking the polar head of phospholipids). Competition binding assays with plasma lipoproteins and ligandsfor lipoprotein receptors were performed to gain information about the putative EgAgB receptor(s) in these cells.Arginase-I induction and PMA/LPS-triggered IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion were examined to investigate theoutcome of EgAgB binding on macrophage response.Results: Monocytes and macrophages bound native EgAgB specifically; this binding was also found with lipid-freerEgAgB8/1 and rEgAgB8/3, but not rEgAgB8/2 subunits. EgAgB phospholipase D-treatment, but not thecompetition with phospholipid vesicles, caused a strong inhibition of EgAgB binding activity, suggesting an indirectcontribution of phospholipids to EgAgB-cell interaction. Furthermore, competition binding assays indicated that thisinteraction may involve receptors with affinity for plasma lipoproteins. At functional level, the exposure ofmacrophages to EgAgB induced a very modest arginase-I response and inhibited PMA/LPS-mediated IL-1β andTNF-α secretion in an IL-10-independent manner.Conclusion: EgAgB and, particularly its predominant EgAgB8/1 apolipoprotein, are potential ligands for monocyteand macrophage receptors. These receptors may also be involved in plasma lipoprotein recognition and induce ananti-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages upon recognition of EgAgB.Fil: Silva Álvarez, Valeria. Universidad de la República; Uruguay. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Folle, Ana Maite. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Ramos, Ana Lía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Kitano, Eduardo S.. Governo do Estado de Sao Paulo. Secretaria da Saude. Instituto Butantan; BrasilFil: Iwai, Leo K.. Governo do Estado de Sao Paulo. Secretaria da Saude. Instituto Butantan; BrasilFil: Corraliza, Ines. Universidad de Extremadura; EspañaFil: Córsico, Betina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Ferreira, Ana María. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Modulation of glial responses by furanocembranolides: Leptolide diminishes microglial inflammation in vitro and ameliorates gliosis in vivo in a mouse model of obesity and insulin resistance

This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Compounds and Inflammation II.Neurodegenerative diseases are age-related disorders caused by progressive neuronal death in different regions of the nervous system. Neuroinflammation, modulated by glial cells, is a crucial event during the neurodegenerative process; consequently, there is an urgency to find new therapeutic products with anti-glioinflammatory properties. Five new furanocembranolides (1-5), along with leptolide, were isolated from two different extracts of Leptogorgia sp., and compound 6 was obtained from chemical transformation of leptolide. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence. These seven furanocembranolides were screened in vitro by measuring their ability to modulate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production by microglial BV2 cells after LPS (lipopolysaccharide) stimulation. Leptolide and compounds 3, 4 and 6 exhibited clear anti-inflammatory effects on microglial cells, while compound 2 presented a pro-inflammatory outcome. The in vitro results prompted us to assess anti-glioinflammatory effects of leptolide in vivo in a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model. Interestingly, leptolide treatment ameliorated both microgliosis and astrogliosis in this animal model. Taken together, our results reveal a promising direct biological effect of furanocembranolides on microglial cells as bioactive anti-inflammatory molecules. Among them, leptolide provides us a feasible therapeutic approach to treat neuroinflammation concomitant with metabolic impairment.This research was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grants BFU2015-68149-R to MDG, SAF2016-77871-C2-1R to ICC, and SAF2009-0839 and RTA 2015-00010-C03-02 to MC) and by Consejería de Educación Junta Castilla y León (grant VA086G18 to MDG) and was cofinanced by European Regional Development Fund. MCG was supported by a University of Valladolid Ph.D. fellowship (call#2016). ARDM acknowledges support from Agustin de Betancourt Programme (Cabildo de Tenerife, TFinnova Programme supported by MEDI and FDCAN funds). A.B.G. would like to thank Convenio Universidad de Magallanes, programa interno PR-F2-01-CRN18-19 (Chile), and CSIC, project 2009CL0031, for financial support.Peer reviewe

Transparency of quality processes: Implementation, analysis of use and improvement of the management platform for complaints-claims, suggestions and congratulations; and evaluation and improvement of web information

El objetivo principal es implementar la plataforma desarrollada en versión piloto durante el curso 2021-2022, analizar su uso y perfeccionar sus características. También analizar y perfeccionar el espacio web de información y dudas frecuentes de la Facultad de Educación- Centro de Formación del Profesorado.UCMDepto. de Investigación y Psicología en EducaciónFac. de EducaciónFALSEsubmitte

Metodología activa para una higiene alimentaria sana

El proyecto surge como medida preventiva de algunas enfermedades en los niños, motivadas por malos hábitos alimenticios. Los objetivos son concienciar a los alumnos de los beneficios del consumo de dietas equilibradas, la prevención del colesterol y las caries, limitando el consumo de bollos y golosinas, al mismo tiempo que se intenta implicar a los padres y entidades sociales en la higiene alimentaria. La metodología consiste en potenciar los desayunos a base de leche, bocadillos o fruta, la celebración de cumpleaños y jornadas de alimentación, para que los niños se aproximen a nuevos sabores e investiguen sobre el origen de determinados alimentos y sus posibilidades culinarias. Los instrumentos de evaluación son listas de control y anecdotarios..Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación y CulturaMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Ecoinnovación en centros educativos

Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2020/2021Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo entre tres centros educativos de la capital cacereña que tenía como objetivos principales: identificar y difundir el concepto de 'soberanía alimentaria' que supone la formación del alumnado en el conocimiento de qué otras fuentes de recursos alimenticios existen más allá de los que ofrecen los centros comerciales, ser conscientes de cómo influye lo que se come en la salud y el bienestar físico; establecer la conexión entre el alumnado y la comunidad educativa con el entorno rural a través de la creación de un huerto urbano escolar y una pequeña granja, y aprovechar esta conexión para trabajar el currículo práctico. Las metodologías seguidas fueron el aprendizaje basado en proyectos junto con el aprendizaje colaborativo y socialExtremaduraES

La Pizarra Digital Interactiva como recurso educativo para alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales

Propuesta de utilización de la Pizarra Digital Interactiva en un centro de educación especial. Se utiliza como instrumento de adquirir y afianzar los prerrequisitos del aprendizaje, tales como atención, percepción, o memoria; se usa también como metodología en el desarrollo de los conocimientos en las áreas curriculares y en el desarrollo de las habilidades y conocimientos respecto al uso de la TIC y su habilidad en la vida diaria; y como recurso motivador y no discriminador para los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales porque se adapta a las necesidades específicas de cada alumno. La pizarra se usa como apoyo de las explicaciones del profesorado y facilita al profesor la posibilidad de presentar sus actividades y recursos de forma adaptada a las diferentes necesidades de los alumnos. Se usa también para la realización de trabajos colaborativos en clase; para la corrección colectiva de ejercicios en clase, para la búsqueda de respuestas a preguntas no previstas; para el aprendizaje del manejo de programas informáticos o para lograr interacciones directas del alumno sobre su medio. Adjunta materiales usados para las actividades.Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación. Dirección General de Ordenación AcadémicaMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES