DERMATITE POR MALASSEZIA PACHYDERMATIS ASSOCIADA A CISTO OVARIANO

Malassezia pachydermatis is an opportunistic pathogen and in dogs the increased prevalence of this fungus is generally associated with a primary cause, resulting in dermatitis. This work aimed to report the case of a dog with a recurrence of Malassezia pachydermatis, correlated to the simultaneous occurrence of ovarian cysts, addressing the clinical aspects, diagnosis, and animal treatment. An 8-year-old Golden Retriever dog, with a body weight of 35kg, not castrated, presented itching and erythema on some parts of the body, mainly on the snout, ears, and paws. The dog was active, eating, drinking, and playing normally. Moreover, it was also reported that the dog was going into heat approximately every 4 months, being diagnosed with an ovarian cyst through ultrasound imaging. The diagnosis was made based on cytological examination, fungal culture, and skin scrapings, where the exacerbated presence of malasseziosis was confirmed. Ovarian hysterectomy surgery was performed and treatment for malasseziosis consisted of systemic and topical antifungals. The result was positive with no recurrence after 9 months. The dog showed excellent recovery during the treatment period and due to the non-occurrence of recurrence, it is assumed that immunosuppression could be caused by irregular heats as a result of some hormonal disorder. It was concluded that it is important to carry out additional tests so that the best treatment for each disease can be instituted.Malassezia pachydermatis é um patógeno oportunista sendo que em cães o aumento da prevalência desse fungo está geralmente associado a uma causa primária, causando dermatites. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso de uma cadela com recidiva de Malassezia pachydermatis, correlacionado à ocorrência simultânea de cistos no ovário, abordando os aspectos clínicos, o diagnóstico e o tratamento do animal. Uma cadela da raça Golden Retriever, de 8 anos de idade, com peso corporal de 35kg, não castrada, apresentava prurido e eritema em algumas partes do corpo, principalmente na parte do focinho, orelha e patas. A cadela estava ativa, comendo, bebendo e brincando normalmente. Além disso, também foi reportado que a mesma estava está entrando no cio aproximadamente a cada 4 meses, sendo diagnosticada com cisto no ovário através do exame de imagem ultrassonográfica. O diagnóstico foi realizado a partir de exame citológico, cultivo fúngico e raspado de pele, onde foi confirmada a presença exacerbada da malasseziose. Foi realizada a cirurgia de ovário histerectomia e o tratamento para malasseziose constituiu-se de antifúngicos sistêmico e tópico. O resultado foi positivo não havendo recidiva após 9 meses passados. A cadela apresentou excelente recuperação durante o período de tratamento e devido à não ocorrência de recidiva, pressupõe-se que uma imunossupressão poderia estar sendo ocasionada pelos cios irregulares em decorrência de algum distúrbio hormonal. Concluiu-se que é importante a realização de exames complementares para que se possa instituir o melhor tratamento para cada doença

PRINCIPAIS ALTERAÇÕES NO ELETROCARDIOGRAMA EM CÃES

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered the most widely used method of diagnosis of cardiac diseases in veterinary medicine, being a dynamic and non-invasive evaluation of the heart. The electric waves are evaluated through the characteristics of duration, amplitude and deflection that can vary according to the species, size, sex, age and race of the animal. The knowledge of the prevalence of cardiac affections in dogs is of fundamental importance for the clinician of small animals, as it assists in the formulation of differential diagnoses and in the establishment of an adequate therapeutic plan. Thus, the objective of this study is to present the frequency of the main alterations in the electrocardiogram in dogs attended by the electrocardiography service of the ETAVE Veterinary Hospital of Fortaleza, Ceará. The sample consisted of 518 dogs, of these 216 males and 352 females, attended at the Veterinary Hospital - ETAVE of Fortaleza - CE, from September 2016 to September 2018. The animals were selected from the clinical indication, anesthetic and pre-surgical, being submitted to physical and clinical avaliation. Thus, we conclude that the changes most frequently found were low-amplitude QRS complex, first-degree atrioventricular block, and premature supraventricular tachycardia, present in at least two of the groups of alterations studied. The ECG is an important diagnostic feature that can help both detect and control cardiac conditions, which, if uncontrolled and treated, can lead to death.O eletrocardiograma (ECG) é considerado o método de auxílio ao diagnóstico das afecções cardíacas mais utilizado na medicina veterinária, sendo dinâmico e não-invasivo de avaliação do coração. São avaliadas as ondas elétricas através das características de duração, amplitude e deflexão que podem variar de acordo com a espécie, porte, sexo, idade e raça do animal. O conhecimento da prevalência das afecções cardíacas em cães é de fundamental importância para o clínico de pequenos animais, pois auxilia na formulação de diagnósticos diferenciais e no estabelecimento de um plano terapêutico adequado. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a frequência das principais alterações no eletrocardiograma de cães atendidos pelo serviço de eletrocardiografia do Hospital Veterinário ETAVE de Fortaleza, Ceará. A amostra foi composta por 518 cães, destes, 216 machos e 352 fêmeas, atendidos no Hospital Veterinário – ETAVE de Fortaleza - CE, no período de setembro de 2016 a setembro de 2018. Os animais foram selecionados a partir da indicação clínica, exame pré-anestésico e pré-cirúrgico, sendo submetidos a avaliação física e clínica. Com isso, conclui-se que as alterações mais frequentemente encontradas foram, complexo QRS de baixa amplitude, bloqueio atrioventricular de 1º grau e taquicardia supraventricular prematura, presentes em pelo menos dois dos grupos de alterações estudados. O ECG é um importante recurso diagnóstico que pode ajudar tanto na detecção quanto no controle das afecções cardíacas, que se não controladas e tratadas podem levar o animal à morte

Anthelmintic activity of Cymbopogon citratus against Haemonchus contortus

Parasitic nematodes are of major economic importance in livestock. An alternative for the control of parasites is phytotherapy. This study evaluated the efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus decoction (CcD), C. citratus essential oil (CcEo) and citral against Haemonchus contortus using in vitro egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) and an in vivo test using a Meriones unguiculatus (gerbil) model. The effect of 800 mg/kg CcEo was evaluated in gerbils that had been artificially infected with 5,000 third-stage H. contortus larvae. The effective concentrations required to inhibit 50% (EC50) of egg hatching were 0.46, 0.14 and 0.13 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. The EC50 values in the LDT were 5.04, 1.92 and 1.37 mg/mL for CcD, CcEo and citral, respectively. H. contortus population in the group treated with C. citratus essential oil was reduced by 38.5% (P< 0.05) in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that it may be possible to use C. citratusessential oil to control of H. contortus parasite of small ruminant

In vitro effects of Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta, Alpinia zerumbet and Lantana camara essential oils on Haemonchus contortus

Phytotherapy can be an alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants. This study evaluated the efficacy of Alpinia zerumbet, Coriandrum sativum, Tagetes minuta and Lantana camaraessential oils by two in vitro assays on Haemonchus contortus, an egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT). No effect was observed for L. camara in the EHT. A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta essential oils exhibited a dose-dependent effect in the EHT, inhibiting 81.2, 99 and 98.1% of H. contortus larvae hatching, respectively, at a concentration of 2.5 mg mL-1. The effective concentration to inhibit 50% (EC50) of egg hatching was 0.94, 0.63 and 0.53 mg mL-1 for A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta essential oils, respectively. In LDT, L. camara, A. zerumbet, C. sativum and T. minuta at concentration of 10 mg mL-1 inhibited 54.9, 94.2, 97.8 and 99.5% of H. contortus larval development, presenting EC50 values of 6.32, 3.88, 2.89 and 1.67 mg mL-1, respectively. Based on the promising results presented in this in vitro model, it may be possible use of these essential oils to control gastrointestinal nematodes. However, their anthelmintic activity should be confirmed in vivo