A IMPORTÂNCIA DA REANIMAÇÃO CARDIOPULMONAR NO ATENDIMENTO PRÉ-HOSPITALAR

This article aims to highlight the importance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pre-hospital care, aiming to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from cardiorespiratory paralysis, characterizing the first care as essential to minimize sequelae to the patient. The indexers Google Scholar, Scielo, Emergency of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology and Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia were used as search engines to select articles, using the descriptors “Cardiac Arrest; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Cardioversion; Survival Rate”. It is concluded that survival until hospital admission is an initial result of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the first care.Este artigo tem por objetivo frisar a importância da reanimação cardiopulmonar no atendimento pré-hospitalar, visando à melhora do prognóstico do paciente vítima de para cardiorrespiratória, caracterizando o primeiro atendimento como essencial para minimização das sequelas ao paciente. Foram utilizados como motores de busca os indexadores Google Acadêmico, Scielo, Emergência da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia e Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia para seleção dos artigos, através dos descritores “Parada Cardíaca; Reanimação Cardiopulmonar; Cardioversão; Taxa de Sobrevida”. Conclui-se que a sobrevivência até a admissão hospitalar é um resultado inicial da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar no primeiro atendimento

Impacto Psicossocial da Rinoplastia em pacientes com anomalias craniofaciais congênitas

Congenital craniofacial anomalies pose significant challenges not only physically, but also psychosocially for patients. Rhinoplasty, as an integral part of reconstructive surgery, aims to improve not only aesthetic function, but also the psychosocial well-being of affected individuals. The literature shows a variety of studies exploring the psychosocial impact of these interventions, focusing on everything from quality of life to individual and family perceptions. This integrative review covered studies published in specialized journals in English and Portuguese from 2005 to 2024, such as comprehensive reviews, prospective and retrospective studies, as well as qualitative research. A search was made in electronic databases such as PubMed and Scopus and Scielo, using the terms "psychosocial impact", "Rhinoplasty", "Craniofacial abnormalities". The results indicate that rhinoplasty significantly improves patients' self-image and self-esteem, reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. The multidisciplinary approach, combining cosmetic surgery and oral rehabilitation, proved crucial in maximizing therapeutic benefits and facilitating social and educational integration. Patient and family satisfaction with the results of the surgeries was high, reinforcing the importance of the positive psychosocial impact. In addition, improvements in social adaptation and stigma reduction were evident in the patients' adult lives. Rhinoplasty emerges not only as an aesthetic intervention, but crucially as a tool to improve psychosocial well-being in patients with congenital craniofacial anomalies. The results of this integrative review highlight the importance of multidisciplinary approaches that consider not only the physical aspects, but also the psychological and social impacts of these interventions. Future research should continue to explore these aspects in order to optimize the results and the psychosocial support offered to these patients.  Anomalias craniofaciais congênitas representam desafios significativos não apenas fisicamente, mas também psicossocialmente para os pacientes. A rinoplastia, como parte integrante da cirurgia reconstrutiva, visa melhorar não apenas a função estética, mas também o bem-estar psicossocial dos indivíduos afetados. A literatura mostra uma variedade de estudos que exploram o impacto psicossocial dessas intervenções, focando desde a qualidade de vida até a percepção individual e familiar. Esta revisão integrativa abrangeu estudos publicados em periódicos especializados nos idiomas inglês e português abrangendo os anos de 2005 a 2024, como revisões abrangentes, estudos prospectivos e retrospectivos, além de pesquisas qualitativas. Utilizou-se a busca em bases de dados eletrônicas, como PubMed e Scopus e Scielo, utilizando os termos "impacto psicossocial", "Rinoplastia", "Anormalidades Craniofaciais". Os resultados indicam que a rinoplastia melhora significativamente a autoimagem e a autoestima dos pacientes, reduzindo sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. A abordagem multidisciplinar, combinando cirurgias estéticas e reabilitação oral, mostrou-se crucial para maximizar os benefícios terapêuticos e facilitar a integração social e educacional. A satisfação dos pacientes e familiares com os resultados das cirurgias foi elevada, reforçando a importância do impacto psicossocial positivo. Além disso, as melhorias na adaptação social e na redução do estigma foram evidentes na vida adulta dos pacientes. A rinoplastia emerge não apenas como uma intervenção estética, mas crucialmente como uma ferramenta para melhorar o bem-estar psicossocial em pacientes com anomalias craniofaciais congênitas. Os resultados desta revisão integrativa destacam a importância de abordagens multidisciplinares que considerem não apenas os aspectos físicos, mas também os impactos psicológicos e sociais dessas intervenções. Futuras pesquisas devem continuar explorando esses aspectos para otimizar os resultados e o suporte psicossocial oferecido a esses pacientes. &nbsp

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Efeitos da terapia de extrato de Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Chá verde) e fotobiomodulação em camundongos Swiss injetados com veneno de Bothrops alternatus / Effects of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (green tea) extract therapy and photobiomodulation in Swiss mice injected with Bothrops alternatus venom

Introdução: O envenenamento por serpentes Bothrops alternatus desencadeia um importante efeito inflamatório local, mas o soro antiofídico é incapaz de resolver esse dano. Objetivo: Este estudo avalia as propriedades regenerativas do extrato seco de Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (chá verde) incorporado no carbopol (5%) e glicólico (2%), bem como da fotobiomodulação em camundongos swiss injetados com veneno no músculo gastrocnêmio direito. Métodos: Foram utilizados 60 animais machos adultos, divididos em cinco grupos, em três tempos de tratamento (24 horas, 7 e 21 dias). Exceto no grupo controle, os demais receberam injeção de veneno. Os grupos foram tratados diariamente, um com laser de fosfeto de índio-gálio-alumínio, outro com extrato seco e outro, extrato glicólico da planta. Após a eutanásia o sangue foi coletado para a medida enzimática da creatina quinase sérica (CK) para avaliar o grau de mionecrose e regeneração do músculo gastrocnêmio. Também foi realizada análise histológica para evidenciar o impacto da fotobiomodulação na regeneração muscular. Todos procedimentos foram realizados no Laboratório de Toxicologia e Plantas Medicinais da Universidade Uniderp Agrárias, Campo Grande-MS no ano de 2019. Os resultados foram expressos em mediana e amplitude interquartílica. Para comparação intergrupos utilizou-se o Análise de Variância (ANOVA) com post hoc test de Bonferroni. A normalidade foi avaliada pelo teste de Liliefors. A análise foi realizada no programa GraphPad Prism 5.0.Resultados: Os níveis da enzima CK foram inconclusivos quanto a eficácia dos tratamentos comparados. Na análise histológica muscular, o grupo extrato seco apresentou resposta regenerativa muscular mais precoce. Em 21 dias, os grupos tratados atingiram um alto grau de normalização tecidual. Conclusão: Constataram-se resultados promissores nos tratamentos com extrato seco, extrato glicólico e laser InGaAIP. O Grupo extrato seco respondeu mais precocemente quanto a regeneração muscular e resposta anti-inflamatória

PERPASSANDO A TEMÁTICA FAMÍLIA NAS TESES DE DOUTORADO DE 2004 A 2013 NA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL JÚLIO MESQUITA - CÂMPUS DE FRANCA

O presente artigo apresenta dados da pesquisa realizada no primeiro semestrede 2014, como instrumento de avaliação da aula integrada das disciplinas Seminários de Dissertação e Famílias e Relações de Gênero como Construções Sociais. O objetivo da pesquisa foi de identificar e analisar as teses de doutorado defendidas no Programa de Pós Graduação em Serviço Social da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais Câmpus de Franca, entre os anos de 2004 e 2013 com a temática família. Os dados coletados considerados foram: o ano de defesa, os objetivos gerais e específicos, os aspectos teóricos e conceituais e os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados pelos autores

Influence of the cotton and silastic seton on the distance of the anal sphincter cables after fistulotomy in rats

Rationale: Fistulotomy is a procedure widely used in the treatment of anal fistulas but is associated with varying degrees of fecal incontinence that could be minimized by previous use of sedentum, and the material used may influence the outcome. Purpouse: To compare cotton and silastic used as setons in the spacing of the sphincter cables of rats subjected to fistulotomy. Method: Thirty Wistar rats were used, which after 30 days of fistula production were distributed in: Control Group (GC): the steel wire was removed, followed by fistulotomy; Cotton Group (GA) and Silastic Group (GS), in which were applied cotton and silastic setons respectively for 30 days when fistulotomy was performed; after seven days, euthanasia and removal of the specimens were performed for histological study, and the results were submitted to statistical assessment using Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric test, establishing a significance level of p  0.05). Conclusion: The silastic seton prior to fistulotomy caused less detachment of the muscular cables and less local inflammatory process. Resumo: Racional: A fistulotomia é um procedimento muito utilizado no tratamento das fístulas anais mas está associado a graus variáveis de incontinência fecal que poderia ser minimizado pelo uso prévio de sedenho, sendo que o material utilizado pode ter influência no resultado. Objetivo: Comparar os fios de algodão e sonda de silastic utilizados como sedenhos no afastamento dos cabos musculares do esfíncter anal de ratos submetidos a fistulotomia. Método: Utilizou-se 30 ratos Wistar, que após 30 dias da confecção da fístula foram distribuídos em: Grupo Controle (GC): foi retirado o fio de aço seguido por fistulotomia; Grupo Algodão (GA) e Grupo Silastic (GS), nos quais aplicou-se sedenho de algodão e silastic respectivamente por 30 dias quando foi realizada fistulotomia; após sete dias realizou-se eutanásia e remoção dos espécimes para estudo histológico, sendo os resultados submetidos a tratamento estatístico pelo teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal–Wallis, estabelecendo-se como significante p  0,05). Conclusão: O sedenho de silastic previamente à fistulotomia causou menor afastamento dos cabos musculares e menor processo inflamatório local. Keywords: Rectal fistula, Cotton, Silastic, Fistulotomy, Fecal incontinence, Palavras-chave: Fistula retal, Fio de algodão, Silastic, Fistulotomia, Incontinência feca

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P &lt; 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)