Importance of the teleregulation monitor in a telehealth core

Telemedicin

Evaluation of the Quality of Learning Objects in the Health Care Area: Evidence of Validity and Internal

In Brazil, distance education plays an important role in the training of human resources in the health area. In this context, learning objects, understood as modular digital resources used to support learning, are widely used tools in the process of knowledge construction, although not all are valid resources. To date, the literature does not have a specific instrument in Portuguese to evaluate the quality of learning objects in the health area. In order to fill this gap, this paper describes the search for evidence of validity of internal structure and convergent validity of Equalis-OAS: Scale to evaluate the quality of learning objects in the health area. For the study, Equalis-OAS was applied to professionals and undergraduate students from the different areas of Health Sciences, all participants taking a continuing education health course about Food and Nutrition in Primary Health Care. One thousand and sixty-nine volunteers participated in the study. An Exploratory Factor Analysis revealed that the instrument, which has as its construct “Quality of learning objects for the health area”, covers three dimensions: “Intrinsic Concepts of Learning Objects in the Health Area”, “Educational Characteristics” and “Presentation”. The final instrument consisted of 41 items, which explained 66.8% of the total variance of the scores. The scale had excellent internal consistency indexes (overall scale: α = 0.979; “Intrinsic Concepts of Learning Objects”: α = 0.927; “Educational”: α = 0.947; “Presentation”: α = 0.977). Regarding convergent validation, Pearson’s correlation indicated that Equalis-OAS had a moderate correlation (r=0.59, p<0.01) with LORI version 2.0, translated into Portuguese, an instrument for the evaluation of learning objects in general (i.e., not specific to the health area). These results indicate that Equalis-OAS is an instrument that presents good evidence of validity, indicating its use in the context of health education and research

Economic evaluation of a telemedicine service to expand Primary Health Care in Rio Grande do Sul : TeleOftalmo’s microcosting analysis

Este estudo avaliou o custo de um serviço público de telediagnóstico em oftalmologia. O método de custeio baseado em atividades e tempo (TDABC) foi adotado para examinar os componentes de custos relacionados à teleoftalmologia. Com este método, também foi possível estabelecer o custo unitário padrão que o telediagnóstico deveria ter, dada a capacidade instalada e utilização de profissionais. Dados de um ano de telediagnósticos foram considerados, e avaliou-se a mudança do custo por telediagnóstico ao longo do período de adaptação da tecnologia no sistema. O custo padrão calculado por diagnóstico oftalmológico a distância foi de R$119, considerando a emissão de 1.080 laudos de telediagnóstico oftalmológico por mês. Foi identificado um desequilíbrio entre as atividades que sugere a capacidade do método TDABC orientar ações de gestão e melhoria na alocação dos recursos. Ao longo de um ano, o custo unitário real passou de R$ 783 para R$283, ainda havendo espaço para se aproximar do custo padrão estimado. Avaliações econômicas parciais possuem importante aporte para subsidiar a incorporação de novas tecnologias. O TDABC merece destaque nesse sentido, pois permite obter informações mais precisas sobre custo da tecnologia, melhorando a capacidade de dimensionamento e gerenciamento da organização de saúde.This study evaluated the cost of public telediagnostic service in ophthalmology. The time-driven activity-based costing method (TDABC) was adopted to examine the cost components related to teleophthalmology. This method allowed us to establish the standard unit cost of telediagnosis, given the installed capacity and utilization of professionals. We considered data from one year of telediagnoses and evaluated the cost per telediagnosis change throughout technology adaptation in the system. The standard cost calculated by distance ophthalmic diagnosis was approximately R$ 119, considering the issuance of 1,080 monthly ophthalmic telediagnostic reports. We identified an imbalance between activities, which suggests the TDABC method’s ability to guide management actions and improve resource allocation. The actual unit cost fell from R$783 to R$ 283 over one year – with room to approach the estimated standard cost. Partial economic evaluations contribute significantly to support the incorporation of new technologies. The TDABC method deserves prominence, as it enables us to retrieve more accurate information on the cost of technology, improving the scalability and management capacity of the healthcare system.Teleducaçã

Integration and continuity of care in health care network models for frail older adults

Foi realizada revisão crítica da literatura sobre modelos que tenham avaliado a efetividade de redes assistenciais integradas e coordenadas para a população idosa. Foram pesquisadas as seguintes bases bibliográficas: Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus e SciELO. Doze artigos sobre cinco modelos diferentes foram incluídos para a discussão. A análise da literatura mostrou que a prestação de serviços pautava-se na atenção básica incluindo serviços domiciliares. Os usuários contavam com a integração de atenção primária, hospitalar, centros dia, serviços domiciliares e serviços sociais. O plano de cuidados e a gestão de caso foram elementos chaves para a continuidade de cuidado. Essa abordagem mostrou-se efetiva nos estudos, reduzindo o uso da atenção hospitalar, o que resultou em economia para o sistema financiador. Houve redução da prevalência de perda funcional, melhora na satisfação e na qualidade de vida dos usuários e de seus familiares. A análise da literatura reforça a necessidade de se modificar a abordagem de assistência à saúde dos idosos, e a integração e coordenação dos serviços são formas eficientes para iniciar essa mudança.A detailed review was conducted of the literature on models evaluating the effectiveness of integrated and coordinated care networks for the older population. The search made use of the following bibliographic databases: Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO. Twelve articles on five different models were included for discussion. Analysis of the literature showed that the services provided were based on primary care, including services within the home. Service users relied on the integration of primary and hospital care, day centers and in-home and social services. Care plans and case management were key elements in care continuity. This approach was shown to be effective in the studies, reducing the need for hospital care, which resulted in savings for the system. There was reduced prevalence of functional loss and improved satisfaction and quality of life on the part of service users and their families. The analysis reinforced the need for change in the approach to health care for older adults and the integration and coordination of services is an efficient way of initiating this change

The use of telemedicine to support Brazilian primary care physicians in managing eye conditions : the TeleOftalmo Project

Purpose: To determine whether teleophthalmology can help physicians in assessing and managing eye conditions and to ascertain which clinical conditions can be addressed by teleophthalmology in primary care setting. Methods: We evaluated the resolution capacity of TeleOftalmo, strategy implemented in the public health system of southern Brazil. Resolution capacity was defined as the ability to fully address patients’ eye complaints in primary care with remote assistance from ophthalmologists. Data from tele-eye reports were collected over 14 months. Resolution capacity was compared across different age groups and different ocular conditions. Results: Overall, 8,142 patients had a tele-eye report issued in the study period. Resolution capacity was achieved in 5,748 (70.6%) patients. When stratified into age groups, the lowest capacity was 43.1% among subjects aged �65 years, while the highest was 89.7% among subjects aged 13–17 years (p<0.001). Refractive error (70.3%) and presbyopia (56.3%) were the most prevalent conditions followed by cataract (12.4%) and suspected glaucoma (7.6%). Resolution capacity was higher in cases of refractive error, presbyopia, spasm of accommodation and lid disorders than in patients diagnosed with other condition (p<0.001). Conclusions: With telemedicine support, primary care physicians solved over two-thirds of patients’ eye or vision complaints. Refractive errors had high case resolution rates, thus having a great impact on reducing the number of referrals to specialty care. Teleophthalmology adoption in primary-care settings as part of the workup of patients with eye or vision complaints promotes a more effective use of specialty centers and will hopefully reduce waiting times for specialty referral

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3&nbsp;e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue