In Vitro Tuberization and Quantitative Analysis of Colchicine Using Hptlc in Gloriosa Superba . L an Endangered Medicinal Plant of Pachamalai Hills, a Part of Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu.

Gloriosa superba. L has been a source of medicine right from ancient times. The tubers of this plant are sold in Indian herbal market as an important source of an alkaloid colchicine. Surface sterilized seeds of Gloriosa superba were soaked overnight in 1% GA3 on the next day seeds were planted on germinating media containing MS basal salts with 0.5 mg/l GA3 and 1.0 mg/l BA, 1% sucrose and 0.8% agar. 72.5% of seed germination was observed. The germinated seeds were transplanted on MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP, 0.05 mg/l GA3, 9.5 mg/l NAA and 6% sucrose which led to 90% tuber induction within 6 weeks of culture. Since there is a great demand of colchicine in the market, we have made an attempt to estimate the colchicine content in different parts of the plant like leaf, seed, pericarp, tuber and in vitro produced tuber using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography, using a mixture of Ethyl acetate:Methanol (10:1.3 v/v) as mobile phase and precoated silica gel F254 TLC aluminium sheets as the stationary phase. The detection of spot was carried out at 350nm. The calibration curve was found to be linear between 100 to 600 ng/spot for colchicines. The results revealed that in vitro tuber had highest amount (0.14249%) of cochicine, followed by in vivo seed (0.10900%), tuber (0.05761%), leaves (0.46470%) and pericarp (0.04574%). The proposed method can be used to determine the colchicine content in Gloriosa superba

Harnessing Data-Driven Insights: Predictive Modeling for Diamond Price Forecasting using Regression and Classification Techniques

In the multi-faceted world of gemology, understanding diamond valuations plays a pivotal role for traders, customers, and researchers alike. This study delves deep into predicting diamond prices in terms of exact monetary values and broader price categories. The purpose was to harness advanced machine learning techniques to achieve precise estimations and categorisations, thereby assisting stakeholders in informed decision-making. The research methodology adopted comprised a rigorous data preprocessing phase, ensuring the data's readiness for model training. A range of sophisticated machine learning models were employed, from traditional linear regression to more advanced   ensemble methods like Random Forest and Gradient Boosting. The dataset was also transformed to facilitate classification into predefined price tiers, exploring the viability of models like Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machines in this context. The conceptual model encompasses a systematic flow, beginning with data acquisition, transitioning through preprocessing, regression, and classification analyses, and culminating in a comparative study of the performance metrics. This structured approach underscores the originality and value of our research, offering a holistic view of diamond price prediction from both regression and classification lenses. Findings from the analysis highlighted the superior performance of the Random Forest regressor in predicting exact prices with an R2 value of approximately 0.975. In contrast, for classification into price tiers, both Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machines emerged as frontrunners with an accuracy exceeding 95%. These results provide invaluable insights for stakeholders in the diamond industry, emphasising the potential of machine learning in refining valuation processes

ROLE OF METAGENOMICS FROM TRADITIONAL MICROBIOLOGY TO GENOMIC WORLD

The study of microbial genomes through direct extraction, DNA cloning, and a panel of microorganisms is known as metagenomics.We all know that microbes are omni present in the world. Using microbial techniques for organism identification will be more helpful in understanding all the microbes that make up diversity. Microbiologists usually do all the laboratory works for the identification and characterization of the particular organisms based on their morphology. But this method of identification is not sufficient for the complete identification of microbes in the particular diversity. To fulfil this issues, we microbiologists need a better method to identify all the microbes present in the entire environment. Metagenomic methods play a major role to identify all the genes present in the particular community by means of both functional based and sequence-based screening. This method also plays a way to know the taxonomic understanding with gene profiling.Shotgun sequencing was supplanted in the area of sequencing by high-throughput third-generation sequencing (TGS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The rapid identification of pathogenic microorganisms has been shown to be an advantage by NGS and TGS. The effectiveness of petrographic profiling and genetic prediction of microbiological species will be improved by the application of new algorithms. New bioactive compounds, functional microbial genes, and microbial metabolites were studied using functional metagenomics. In this review, the main applications of metagenomics in microbiology can be elucidate

Importance and Benefits of Green Audits to Education Institutions and Industrial Sectors

Green auditing is a vital process that ensures the diversity of plants on an organization's campus, reducing ecological pollution and soil destruction. It is beneficial intended for biodiversity protection, landscape management, irrigation/economic water utilization, and maintaining natural topography. Green audits are conducted at educational institutions and industrial sectors using the National Building Code (NBC) Part 11 - A 360° Risk Assessment Approach to Sustainability checklist. The importance of green auditing lies in its ability to create an eco-friendly environment and encourage green initiatives was studied at Nehru Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. The results revealed that the campus has sufficient number of flora and fauna and established various gardens such as terrace, herbal, kitchen, zodiac, and decorative gardens. All the plants were labelled properly with common and botanical names and used biofertilizers, organic and green manures for the cultivation of plants. Agrochemicals and chemical fertilizers were minimally used to save the soil health and to protect the ecosystem from soil and water pollutions. The benefits of green audit included understanding the organization's internal and external green campus inspection and execution procedures, creating data on plant quantities, recommending biofertilizers, conserving economically valuable, rare, and endangered species, documenting rainwater collection systems, water reservoirs, percolation ponds, and irrigation technologies to the plants were well understood by the Oragnization with respect to the green audit