Episode 10 : Finding Happiness in Small Things

Amy talks about how to uplift your mood by finding happiness in small things

Episode 9 : ADHD and the College Student Experience [Episode Highlights]

Mandi and Amy from UMaine Student Accessibility Services talk with a UMaine student about the intersection of being a college student and having ADHD. [Episode Highlights

Episode 9 : ADHD and the College Student Experience [Full Episode]

Mandi and Amy from UMaine Student Accessibility Services talk with a UMaine student about the intersection of being a college student and having ADHD. [Full episode

Episodic medication adherence in adolescents and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV:a within participants approach

Due to the success of antiretroviral (ART) medications, young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV+) are now surviving into adolescence and young adulthood. Understanding factors influencing ART non-adherence in this group is important in developing effective adherence interventions. Most studies of ART adherence in HIV-positive populations assess differences in adherence levels and adherence predictors between participants, over a period of time (global adherence). Many individuals living with HIV, however, including PHIV+ young people, take medication inconsistently. To investigate this pattern of adherence, a within-participants design, focussing on specific episodes of adherence and non-adherence, is suitable (episodic adherence). A within-participants design was used with 29 PHIV+ young people (17 female, median age 17 years, range 14–22 years), enrolled in the UK Adolescents and Adults Living with Perinatal HIV cohort study. Participants were eligible if they could identify one dose of medication taken and one dose they had missed in the previous two months. For each of the two episodes (one adherent, one non-adherent), behavioural factors (whom they were with, location, routine, day, reminders) and psychological factors at the time of the episode (information about medication, adherence motivation, perceived behavioural skills to adhere to medication – derived from the Information-Motivation-Behavioural Skills (IMB) Model – and affect) were assessed in a questionnaire. Non-adherence was significantly associated with weekend days (Friday to Sunday versus Monday to Thursday, p = .001), lack of routine (p = .004), and being out of the home (p = .003), but not with whom the young person was with or whether they were reminded to take medication. Non-adherence was associated with lower levels of behavioural skills (p < .001), and lower positive affect (p = .005). Non-adherence was not significantly associated with negative affect, information about ART, or ART motivation. The use of situationally specific strategies to enhance adherence in young people who take their medication inconsistently is proposed

Comparison of the fecal microbiota of healthy horses and horses with colitis by high throughput sequencing of the V3-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene.

The intestinal tract houses one of the richest and most complex microbial populations on the planet, and plays a critical role in health and a wide range of diseases. Limited studies using new sequencing technologies in horses are available. The objective of this study was to characterize the fecal microbiome of healthy horses and to compare the fecal microbiome of healthy horses to that of horses with undifferentiated colitis. A total of 195,748 sequences obtained from 6 healthy horses and 10 horses affected by undifferentiated colitis were analyzed. Firmicutes predominated (68%) among healthy horses followed by Bacteroidetes (14%) and Proteobacteria (10%). In contrast, Bacteroidetes (40%) was the most abundant phylum among horses with colitis, followed by Firmicutes (30%) and Proteobacteria (18%). Healthy horses had a significantly higher relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Spirochaetes while horses with colitis had significantly more Fusobacteria. Members of the Clostridia class were more abundant in healthy horses. Members of the Lachnospiraceae family were the most frequently shared among healthy individuals. The species richness reported here indicates the complexity of the equine intestinal microbiome. The predominance of Clostridia demonstrates the importance of this group of bacteria in healthy horses. The marked differences in the microbiome between healthy horses and horses with colitis indicate that colitis may be a disease of gut dysbiosis, rather than one that occurs simply through overgrowth of an individual pathogen

Total number of sequences, coverage, number of Phylotypes and inverted Simpson with lower and upper confidence interval limits.

*<p>Phylotypes.</p

Pyrosequencing metrics of the cleaned data and its distribution at the Kingdom level.

<p>Total number of reads after data cleaning (pyrosequencing noise and chimera removal), after filtering (e-value of 30, minimum identity of 97% and minimum alignment of 75bp on MG-RAST), and percentage of reads classified by MG-RAST using the SSU databank as Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea, unclassified bacteria and sequences unassigned to any Kingdom. Means and standard deviations (±SD) among healthy horses and horses with colitis are also presented.</p

Classification and species richness of the fecal bacteria of healthy horses and horses affected by colitis.

<p>Classification of the intestinal bacteria of healthy horses and horses affected by colitis (in percentages) at the phylum level, total number of bacterial reads and species richness after data cleaning (pyrosequencing noise and chimera removal) and filtering (e-value of 30, minimum identity of 97% and minimum alignment of 75bp on MG-RAST).</p