The impact of cultural dissonance and acculturation orientations on immigrant students' academic performance

Indexación: Scopus; Scielo; Redalyc.Prior research has documented meaningful differences between school performance of immigrant and native students. Multicultural education has been associated with academic failure of foreign students. e aim of this study was to examine the impact of a set of psychosocial variables on the perceived academic achievement of first generation immigrant adolescents from public secondary schools in Northern Spain. Results showed that 46% of the variability in foreign students’ perceived academic performance was explained by home-school cultural dissonance. We also explored the impact of acculturation orientation to separation, perception of discrimination from teachers, school adjustment, and psychological well-being in academic performance. Any multicultural education context should take into account psychosocial adjustment, given its influence on academic performance of all studentsSe han hallado diferencias significativas entre el rendimiento académico de los inmigrantes y el de los estudiantes nativos. Sin embargo, hay una escasa evidencia acerca de los aspectos psicosociales de este fenómeno. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el impacto de un conjunto de variables psicosociales: disonancia cultural y orientaciones de aculturación en el rendimiento académico percibido de adolescentes inmigrantes de primera generación de centros de Educación Secundaria en el Norte de España. Los resultados mostraron que alrededor del 46% de la variabilidad en el rendimiento era explicada por la disonancia cultural entre escuela y hogar. Cualquier contexto de educación multicultural ha de tomar en consideración el ajuste psicosocial, dada su influencia en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.http://www.redalyc.org/jatsRepo/647/64753989003/index.htm

Acoso psicológico laboral (Mobbing) y su impacto en el clima y desempeño laboral en maestros del sistema público de enseñanza del área sur de Puerto Rico

This study was aimed at finding motivational and environmental factors (organizational climate) that exacerbate bullying behavior towards the teacher in two municipalities in the southern area of ​​Puerto Rico. It was inquired from the perspective of the teacher how the Department of Education of Puerto Rico handles situations of workplace harassment and in cases where there is mobbing how it has affected the teacher's work performance in these municipalities. A representative sample of 202 teachers from the public education system of Puerto Rico was used. Intentional non-probabilistic sampling was used. A questionnaire created and used by Del Álamo (2006) called: (A) Alamo Questionnaire on Labor Abuse was used. (B) The second instrument used was the Organizational Climate Questionnaire obtained from the Department of Health of Lima, Peru (Ugarte et al.,2009). The objectives that framed this research and that served as a frame of reference for the development of the thesis were achieved. The results and conclusions show us that: i) teachers affected by bullying will tend to perceive that their work performance decreases; ii) the negative or tense organizational climate makes the predisposition to harassment greater and that labor performance also decreases; iii) there is no formal protocol in the Department of Education to handle bullying situations; vi) the teachers reflected an equivalent proportion between submitting or facing the stalker; v) the largest number of participants identified the stalker as their immediate boss; vi) the consequences of psychological harassment at work are manifested at the physical level (cardiovascular disorders) and psychological (stress and depression). The recommendations of the study are the following: legal advice for teachers and guidance to school principals. It is expected that further research on the subject will be continued and that the Law in Puerto Rico be approved.Este estudio fue dirigido a hallar factores motivacionales y ambientales (clima organizacional) que exacerban conductas de acoso hacia el maestro en dos municipios del área sur de Puerto Rico. Se indagó desde la perspectiva del maestro cómo el Departamento de Educación de Puerto Rico maneja las situaciones de acoso laboral y en los casos donde existe mobbing cómo ha afectado el rendimiento laboral del maestro en estos municipios. Se utilizó una muestra representativa de 202 maestros del sistema de educación pública de Puerto Rico. Se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional. Se usó un cuestionario creado y utilizado por Del Álamo (2006) llamado: (A) Cuestionario del Álamo sobre Maltrato Laboral. (B) El segundo instrumento utilizado fue el Cuestionario de Clima Organizacional obtenido del Departamento de Salud de Lima, Perú (Ugarte et al., 2009). Los objetivos que enmarcaron esta investigación y que sirvieron como marco de referencia para el desarrollo de la tesis fueron logrados. Los resultados y las conclusiones nos muestran que: i) los maestros afectados por el acoso tenderán a percibir que su rendimiento laboral disminuye; ii) el clima organizacional negativo o tenso hace que sea mayor la predisposición al acoso y que el rendimiento laboral también disminuya; iii) no existe un protocolo formal en el Departamento de Educación para manejar situaciones de acoso; iv) los maestros reflejaron una proporción equivalente entre someterse o enfrentarse al acosador; v) la mayor cantidad de participantes identificaron al acosador como su jefe inmediato; vi) las consecuencias del acoso psicológico en el trabajo se manifiestan a nivel físico (trastornos cardiovasculares) y psicológico (estrés y depresión). Las recomendaciones del estudio son las siguientes: asesoramiento legal para los maestros y orientación a directores escolares. Se espera que se continúen nuevas investigaciones sobre el tema y que se apruebe la Ley en Puerto Rico

An on-board data management solution

A Marine Data Management System (MDM-400) has been installed on the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) research vessel B/O Cornide de Saavedra. It is an experience of how a commercial solution has been developed and fully adapted to the ship characteristics, including an external communication by Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) connection that facilitates the maintenance works. The system runs on 4 windows based computers interconnected by a LAN (Local Area Network). The current work mainly focuses on discussing the technical solutions that have been taken, real-time integration, data storage and transmission, and external communications.Peer Reviewe

Thermal and thermo-oxidative characterisation of rice straw for its use in energy valorisation processes

[EN] The processes of pyrolysis and combustion of rice straw will be carried out in a spouted bed reactor. Both thermo-chemical processes were simulated in the first stage by multi-rate linear non-isothermal thermogravimetric (TGA) experiments using Ar and O-2 as carrier gas respectively. The results obtained from the TGA measurements, the kinetic methodology based on the combination of the iso-conversional methods Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Vyazovkin and the use of Master Plots assessed by Perez-Maqueda criterion have permitted to describe mathematically both thermo-chemical reactions. Lower operational temperatures and higher kinetic parameters (Ea, n, A) were required to carry out combustion reactions respect to those for pyrolysis. These results will be the initial parameters that will define both thermo-chemical processes in a spouted bed reactor. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Moliner, C.; Bosio, B.; Arato, E.; Ribes-Greus, A. (2016). Thermal and thermo-oxidative characterisation of rice straw for its use in energy valorisation processes. Fuel. 180:71-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.021S717918

Additional chromosome abnormalities in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy

Background Acute promyelocytic leukemia is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the t(15;17). The incidence and prognostic significance of additional chromosomal abnormalities in acute promyelocytic leukemia is still a controversial matter. Design and Methods Based on cytogenetic data available for 495 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia enrolled in two consecutive PETHEMA trials (LPA96 and LPA99), we analyzed the incidence, characteristics, and outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia with and without additional chromosomal abnormalities who had been treated with all-trans retinoic acid plus anthracycline monochemotherapy for induction and consolidation. Results Additional chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 140 patients (28%). Trisomy 8 was the most frequent abnormality (36%), followed by abn(7q) (5%). Patients with additional chromosomal abnormalities more frequently had coagulopathy (P=0.03), lower platelet counts (P=0.02), and higher relapse-risk scores (P=0.02) than their counterparts without additional abnormalities. No significant association with FLT3/ITD or other clinicopathological characteristics was demonstrated. Patients with and without additional chromosomal abnormalities had similar complete remission rates (90% and 91%, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that additional chromosomal abnormalities were associated with a lower relapse-free survival in the LPA99 trial (P=0.04), but not in the LPA96 trial. However, neither additional chromosomal abnormalities overall nor any specific abnormality was identified as an independent risk factor for relapse in multivariate analysis. Conclusions The lack of independent prognostic value of additional chromosomal abnormalities in acute promyelocytic leukemia does not support the use of alternative therapeutic strategies when such abnormalities are found

The mediating role of shared flow and perceived emotional synchrony on compassion for others in a mindful-dancing program

While there is a growing understanding of the relationship between mindfulness and compassion, this largely relates to the form of mindfulness employed in first-generation mindfulness-based interventions such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction. Consequently, there is limited knowledge of the relationship between mindfulness and compassion in respect of the type of mindfulness employed in second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs), including those that employ the principle of working harmoniously as a “secular sangha.” Understanding this relationship is important because research indicates that perceived emotional synchrony (PES) and shared flow—that often arise during participation in harmonized group contemplative activities—can enhance outcomes relating to compassion, subjective well-being, and group identity fusion. This pilot study analyzed the effects of participation in a mindful-dancing SG-MBI on compassion and investigated the mediating role of shared flow and PES. A total of 130 participants were enrolled into the study that followed a quasi-experimental design with an intervention and control group. Results confirmed the salutary effect of participating in a collective mindful-dancing program, and demonstrated that shared flow and PES fully meditated the effects of collective mindfulness on the kindness and common humanity dimensions of compassion. Further research is warranted to explore whether collective mindfulness approaches, such as mindful dancing, may be a means of enhancing compassion and subjective well-being outcomes due to the mediating role of PES and shared flow.N/

Análisis y modificación de conducta

Resumen tomado de la revistaEn este artículo se exponen los mecanismos psicológicos responsables del funcionamiento y eficacia de las técnicas de relajación. Algunos de estos mecanismos o procesos son: la habituación, la desensibilización, la extinción, la articulación, el procesamiento, y la reestructuración cognitiva. Se destaca, también, el importante papel de las creencias personales en el dominio, profundización y generalización de la relajación a la vida en general.ValenciaES

El proceso de la relajación: mecanismos implicados

En este artículo se exponen los mecanismos psicológicos responsables del funcionamiento y eficacia de las técnicas de relajación. Algunos de estos mecanismos o procesos son: la habituación, la desensibilización, la extinción, la articulación, el procesamiento, y la reestructuración cognitiva. Se destaca, también el importante papel de las creencias personales en el dominio, profundización y generalización de la relajación a la vida en genera