Tau method for the numerical solution of a fuzzy fractional kinetic model and its application to the oil palm frond as a promising source of xylose

The Oil Palm Frond (a lignocellulosic material) is a high-yielding energy crop that can be utilized as a promising source of xylose. It holds the potential as a feedstock for bioethanol production due to being free and inexpensive in terms of collection, storage and cropping practices. The aim of the paper is to calculate the concentration and yield of xylose from the acid hydrolysis of the Oil Palm Frond through a fuzzy fractional kinetic model. The approximate solution of the derived fuzzy fractional model is achieved by using a tau method based on the fuzzy operational matrix of the generalized Laguerre polynomials. The results validate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed solution method for solving this type of fuzzy kinetic model

Estimation of CO2 solubility in aqueous solutions of commonly used blended amines: Application to optimised greenhouse gas capture

One of the key concerns in the 21st century, alongside the growing population, is the increase in energy consumption and the resulting global warming. The impact of CO2, a prominent greenhouse gas, has garnered significant attention in the realm of CO2 capture and gas purification. CO2 absorption can be enhanced by introducing some additives into the aqueous solution. In this study, the accuracies of some of the most up-to-date computational approaches are investigated. The employed machine learning methods are hybrid-adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (Hybrid-ANFIS), particle swarm optimization-adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (PSO-ANFIS), least-squares support vector machines (LSSVM) and genetic algorithm-radial basis function (GA-RBF). The developed models were used in estimating the solubility of CO2 in binary and ternary amines aqueous solutions. i.e. blends of monoethanolamine (MEA), triethanolamine (TEA), aminomethyl propanol (AMP), and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). This modeling study was undertaken over relatively significant ranges of CO2 loading (mole of CO2/mole of solution) as a function of input parameters, which are 0.4–2908 kPa for pressure, 303–393.15 K for temperature, 36.22–68.89 g/mol for apparent molecular weight, and 30–55 wt % for total concentration. In this work, the validity of approaches based on different statistical graphs was investigated, and it was observed that the developed methods, especially the GA-RBF model, are highly accurate in estimating the data of interest. The obtained AARD% values for the developed models are 18.63, 8.25, 12.22, and 7.54 for Hybrid-ANFIS, PSO-ANFIS, LSSVM, and GA-RBF, respectively

TESTING THE PAULI EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE IN THE COSMIC SILENCE

The VIP Collaboration is performing high precision tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons in the extremely low cosmic background environment of the Underground Gran Sasso Laboratories of INFN (Italy). The experimental technique consists in introducing a DC current in a copper conductor, searching for K$_{\alpha}$ PEP-forbidden atomic transitions when the K shell is already occupied by two electrons. VIP set an upper limit on the PEP-violation probability $\frac{1}{2} \beta^2 < 4.7 \times 10^{-29}$. The aim of the upgraded VIP-2 experiment is to improve this result at least by two orders of magnitude. The improved experimental setup and the results of a preliminary data analysis, corresponding to the the first run of the VIP-2 data taking (2016–2017), will be presented

VIP2 in LNGS - Testing the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons with high sensitivity

The VIP2 (VIolation of the Pauli Exclusion Principle) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) is searching for possible violations of standard quantum mechanics predictions in atoms at very high sensitivity. We investigate atomic transitions with precision X-ray spectroscopy in order to test the Pauli Exclusion Principle (PEP) and therefore the related spin-statistics theorem. We will present our experimental method for the search for "anomalous" (i.e. Pauli-forbidden) X-ray transitions in copper atoms, produced by "new" electrons, which could have tiny probability to undergo Pauli-forbidden transition to the ground state already occupied by two electrons. We will describe the VIP2 experimental setup, which is taking data at LNGS presently. The goal of VIP2 is to test the PEP for electrons with unprecedented accuracy, down to a limit in the probability that PEP is violated at the level of 10−31. We will present current experimental results and discuss implications of a possible violation

The kaonic atoms research program at DA{\Phi}NE: from SIDDHARTA to SIDDHARTA-2

The interaction of antikaons with nucleons and nuclei in the low-energy regime represents an active research field in hadron physics with still many important open questions. The investigation of light kaonic atoms, in which one electron is replaced by a negatively charged kaon, is a unique tool to provide precise information on this interaction; the energy shift and the broadening of the low-lying states of such atoms, induced by the kaon-nucleus hadronic interaction, can be determined with high precision from the atomic X-ray spectroscopy, and this experimental method provides unique information to understand the low energy kaon-nucleus interaction at the production threshold. The lightest atomic systems, like the kaonic hydrogen and the kaonic deuterium deliver, in a model-independent way, the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon scattering lengths. The most precise kaonic hydrogen measurement to-date, together with an exploratory measurement of kaonic deuterium, were carried out in 2009 by the SIDDHARTA collaboration at the DA{\Phi}NE electron-positron collider of LNF-INFN, combining the excellent quality kaon beam delivered by the collider with new experimental techniques, as fast and very precise X-ray detectors, like the Silicon Drift Detectors. The SIDDHARTA results triggered new theoretical work, which achieved major progress in the understanding of the low-energy strong interaction with strangeness reflected by the antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths calculated with the antikaon-proton amplitudes constrained by the SIDDHARTA data. The most important open question is the experimental determination of the hadronic energy shift and width of kaonic deuterium; presently, a major upgrade of the setup, SIDDHARTA-2, is being realized to reach this goal. In this paper, the results obtained in 2009 and the proposed SIDDHARTA-2 upgrades are presented

A Novel Fuzzy Inference Approach: Neuro-fuzzy Cognitive Map

In this study, a new approach based on fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and neuro-fuzzy inference system (NFIS), called the neuro-fuzzy cognitive map (NFCM), is proposed. Here, the NFCM is used for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). AIH is a chronic inflammatory liver disease. AIH primarily affects women and typically responds to immunosuppressive therapy with clinical, biochemical, and histological remission. An untreated AIH can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to liver failure. If rapidly diagnosed, AIH can often be controlled by medication. NFCM is a new extension of FCM, which employs a NFIS to determine the causal relationships between concepts. In the proposed approach, weights are calculated using the knowledge and experience of experts as well as the advantages of NFIS. This makes the presented model more accurate. Having a high convergence speed, the proposed NFCM model performs well by achieving an AIH diagnosis accuracy of 89.81%. The superiority of the proposed NFCM model over the conventional FCM is that, it uses the NFIS to determine the link weights which train system parameters. © 2019, Taiwan Fuzzy Systems Association

Exploiting Experts' Knowledge for Structure Learning of Bayesian Networks

Contains fulltext : 178515.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access