A general framework for efficient FPGA implementation of matrix product

Original article can be found at: http://www.medjcn.com/ Copyright Softmotor LimitedHigh performance systems are required by the developers for fast processing of computationally intensive applications. Reconfigurable hardware devices in the form of Filed-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have been proposed as viable system building blocks in the construction of high performance systems at an economical price. Given the importance and the use of matrix algorithms in scientific computing applications, they seem ideal candidates to harness and exploit the advantages offered by FPGAs. In this paper, a system for matrix algorithm cores generation is described. The system provides a catalog of efficient user-customizable cores, designed for FPGA implementation, ranging in three different matrix algorithm categories: (i) matrix operations, (ii) matrix transforms and (iii) matrix decomposition. The generated core can be either a general purpose or a specific application core. The methodology used in the design and implementation of two specific image processing application cores is presented. The first core is a fully pipelined matrix multiplier for colour space conversion based on distributed arithmetic principles while the second one is a parallel floating-point matrix multiplier designed for 3D affine transformations.Peer reviewe

Floating-Point Matrix Product on FPGA

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A statistical multiresolution approach for face recognition using structural hidden Markov models

This paper introduces a novel methodology that combines the multiresolution feature of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with the local interactions of the facial structures expressed through the structural hidden Markov model (SHMM). A range of wavelet filters such as Haar, biorthogonal 9/7, and Coiflet, as well as Gabor, have been implemented in order to search for the best performance. SHMMs perform a thorough probabilistic analysis of any sequential pattern by revealing both its inner and outer structures simultaneously. Unlike traditional HMMs, the SHMMs do not perform the state conditional independence of the visible observation sequence assumption. This is achieved via the concept of local structures introduced by the SHMMs. Therefore, the long-range dependency problem inherent to traditional HMMs has been drastically reduced. SHMMs have not previously been applied to the problem of face identification. The results reported in this application have shown that SHMM outperforms the traditional hidden Markov model with a 73% increase in accuracy

Discrete wavelet transform based freezing of gait detection in Parkinson's disease

Wearable on body sensors have been employed in many applications including ambulatory monitoring and pervasive computing systems. In this work, a wearable assistant has been created for people suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD), specifically with the Freezing of Gait (FoG) symptom. Wearable accelerometers were placed on the person’s body and used for movement measure. When FoG is detected, a rhythmic audio signal was given from the wearable assistant to motivate the wearer to continue walking. Long term monitoring results in collecting huge amounts of complex raw data; therefore, data analysis becomes impractical or infeasible resulting in the need for data reduction. In the present study, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) has been used to extract the main features inherent in the key movement indicators for FoG detection. The discrimination capacities of these features were assessed using, i) Support Vector Machine (SVM) using a linear kernel function, and ii) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with a two-layer feed-forward with hidden layer of 20 neurons that trained with conjugate gradient back- propagation. Using these two different machine learning techniques, we were capable of detecting FoG with an accuracy of 87.50% and 93.8%, respectively. Additionally, the comparison between the extracted features from DWT coefficients with those using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) established accuracies of 93.8% and 81.3%, respectively. Finally, the discriminative features extracted from DWT yield to a robust multidimensional classification model compared to models in the literature based on a single feature. The work presented paves the way for reliable, real-time wearable sensors to aid people with PD

Trends of Energy and Macronutrients Intakes in Jordan as Obtained by Household Expenditure and Income Surveys

Jordan has encountered changes in demographic and food consumption patterns during the last few decades as a result of the nutrition transition and westernized food habits. This paper aims to evaluate the trends in energy and macronutrient intakes in Jordan based on the data of Jordan Household Expenditure and Income Surveys (JHEIS) 1992-2010. The amounts of consumed food items were analyzed to estimate the intakes of energy and macronutrients for different governorates using (Food Processor SQL Nutrition and Fitness Software, 2010). The average estimated annual per capita intake (kg) for different food groups in the 2010 survey was the lowest since 1992 for legumes and oils and fats, whereas it was the highest for dairy products and eggs. The 2010 percentage of energy contribution of the food groups was the highest for meat and poultry, fish, and dairy products and eggs; whereas it was the lowest for grains, legumes, and fruits and vegetables. Additionally, there was a trend of increased energy intake in 2010 in comparison with previous JHEIS data. Energy intake of Jordanians has increased in 2010 as compared with average energy intake obtained in previous JHEIS surveys since 1992. In addition, the consumption of foods of animal-origin was increased, whereas the consumption of foods of plant-origin was decreased.The authors thank the Jordanian Department of Statistics for providing the JHIES data and The University of Jordan for financial support, by offering sabbatical leave for one of the authors (HRT)

Monitor Reaction of Win Stay-Lose Shift Strategies in Iterated Three-Player Prisoner’s Dilemma Game

In this paper, we present an extension model of Prisoner’s Dilemma game, but with three players. We are interested in introducing this model and providing an analysis of competitions of some special types of strategies which have properties of Win Stay-Lose Shift. Therefore, we will show the best one among them and the largest one in the payoff through some graphs by using some numerical values. Also, we will discuss the effect of relatedness between players on the behavior of strategies

Pembuatan Aplikasi Pendukung Keputusan Untuk Peramalan Persediaan Bahan Baku Produksi Plastik Blowing Dan Inject Menggunakan Metode ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) Di CV. Asia

Persediaan bahan baku memiliki peranan penting bagi Perusahaan karena akan berpengaruh pada kemampuan Perusahaan untuk memenuhi permintaan pelanggan. Berbagai kendala dapat muncul akibat kurangnya bahan baku untuk produksi, seperti kekurangan bahan baku untuk produksi sehingga menimbulkan keterlambatan terhadap pemenuhan permintaan pelanggannya. Akibat keterlambatan tersebut akhirnya Perusahaan mengalami beberapa kerugian. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, Perusahaan memerlukan perencanaan di berbagai hal, khususnya perencanaan yang berhubungan dengan persediaan. Salah satu bentuk perencanaan persediaan yaitu meramalkan persediaan bahan baku untuk setiap waktu. Metode ARIMA merupakan metode yang disarankan untuk kasus CV. Asia karena memiliki sifat yang fleksibel, yaitu mengikuti pola data yang ada. Metode ARIMA memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dan cenderung memiliki nilai error yang kecil karena prosesnya yang terperinci. Model ARIMA yang diperoleh nantinya akan diimplementasikan dalam Microsoft Excel menggunakan Visual Basic for Application, dengan mempertimbangkan kondisi kekinian Perusahaan yang menggunakan Microsoft Excel untuk proses bisnis kesehariannya, sehingga dapat membantu CV. Asia untuk meramalkan persediaan bahan bakunya dan melakukan pengambilan keputusan

Customer profitability measurement and management

Stvaranje vrednosti za vlasnike predstavlja primarni cilj svake profitno orijentisane organizacije. Da bi se ostvario ovaj cilj potrebno je istovremeno zadovoljiti interese i ostalih stejkholdera, s tim da interesi različitih stejkholdera mogu biti međusobno suprotstavljeni, što otežava upravljanje preduzećem i njegovo usmeravanje ka ostvarenju željenih performansi. Pored interesa, različiti stejkholderi imaju različit značaj, moć i na raspolaganju različite instrumente za vršenje pritiska na preduzeće, ali po značaju i moći kupci i vlasnici se mogu staviti u istu ravan. Stvaranje vrednosti za kupce i za vlasnike je direktno uslovljeno i povezano. Stvoriti vrednost za vlasnike znači kreirati odgovarajući neto novčani tok iz kojeg će se isplatiti dividende i koji će osigurati sticanje kapitalnih dobitaka, pri čemu su kupci jedini stejkholderi koji kroz kupovinu proizvoda i usluga obezbeđuju preduzeću prihode i novčane prilive. Do kupovina proizvoda i usluga od strane kupaca, na kontinuiranoj osnovi, doći će samo ako su zadovoljeni njihovi interesi, odnosno ako je stvorena vrednost za njih, s tim da stvaranje vrednosti za kupce izaziva preduzeću troškove i novčane odlive, koji u slučaju neadekvatnog upravljanja mogu da premaše kreirane prihode odnosno novčane prilive. Iz toga sledi da je stvaranje vrednosti za kupce neophodan preduslov za stvaranje vrednosti za vlasnike, ali da stvorena vrednost za kupce ne garantuje da će biti stvorena i vrednost za vlasnike. Istovremeno uvažavanje interesa i kupaca i vlasnika moguće je postići kroz upravljanje profitabilnošću kupaca. Profitabilnost kupaca pokazuje da li je i u kojoj meri vrednost koja je isporučena kupcima transformisana u vrednost za vlasnike. Nije moguće postići profitabilnost kupaca ako prethodno nije stvorena vrednost za kupce, i nije moguće stvoriti dodatu vrednosti za vlasnike ako kupci nisu stvorili profit za preduzeće. Svaki kupac ne doprinosi podjednako profitabilnosti preduzeća. Obično, mali broj kupaca generiše velike dobitke ili velike gubitke, a najveći broj kupaca značajnije ne utiče na nivo profitabilnosti preduzeća.Creating value for owners is the primary goal of any profit oriented organization. In order to achieve this goal, company have to simultaneously satisfy the interests of all stakeholders. Different stakeholders have different interests which can be conflicted and it makes difficult to manage the company and to accomplish the desired performance. Different stakeholders also have different level of significance, power and available instruments for doing pressure on the company, but according to importance and power, owners and customers can be put on the same level. Creating value for customers and owners is directly conditioned and connected. Creating value for owners implies creating of the appropriate net cash flow from which will be paid dividends and ensured capital gains. Customers are the only stakeholders who through the purchase of products and services provide revenue and cash inflow to the company. They will buy products and services on a continuous basis only if their interests are satisfied, i.e. if company create value for them. At the same time, creating customer value produces cost and cash outflow to the company. In case of bad customer relationship management, that cost might be bigger than revenue which customers create for the company. Hence creating customer value is essential precondition for creating owner value, but created customer value does not guarantee that will be created the value for the owners. The interests of customers and owners can be simultaneously respected through customer profitability management. Customer profitability indicates whether and to what extent the value that is delivered to the customers are transformed into value for the owners. It is not possible to achieve customer profitability if value for customers is not previously created and it is not possible to create owner value if customers did not previously create profit for the company. Each customer does not contribute equally to the profitability of the company. It is common to find that a small number of customers generate large gains or large losses, while the rest does not significantly affect the level of company’s profitability