Pengaruh Perendaman Benih dalam Ekstrak Daun Tapak Dara terhadap Fenotipe Kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merril)

Produktivitas kedelai dalam negeri masih tergolong rendah karena potensi hasil dari varietas-varietas kedelai di dalam negeri masih rendah. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan potensi hasil kedelai yaitu dengan meningkatkan potensi genetiknya melalui poliploidisasi menggunakan senyawa antimitotik dari ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi dan lama perendaman benih kedelai terhadap fenotif kedelai. Pelaksanaan penelitian di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap untuk menguji 10 perlakuan kombinasi ekstrak daun tapak dara serta lama perendaman dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis varians. Perbedaan antara perlakuan diuji dengan  Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada a 5%. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara dengan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap fenotif kedelai. Perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara 1% selama 6 jam menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, panjang akar dan panjang polong lebih baik dari perlakuan lainnya.  Soybean productivity in Indonesia is relatively low due to the slight yield potential of domestic soybean varieties. Increasing its genetic potential through polyploidization using antimitotic compounds from leaf extract of tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.) should be made to increase soybean yield potential. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration and duration of soaking soybean seeds on soybean phenotype. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Siliwangi from January to June 2021. A completely randomized design was applied to examine 10 combination treatments of tapak dara leaf extract and soaking time repeated 3 times. An analysis of variance (F test) was utilized by observational parameters, if there was a difference between treatments, Duncan's multiple range test was carried out at a 5% significance level. The results showed that soaking soybean seeds in a solution of tapak dara leaf extract with different concentrations and soaking time affecting the soybean phenotype. Soybean seed soaking in 1% tapak dara leaf extract solution for 6 hours showed that plant height, root length and pod length were better than other treatments.   Produktivitas kedelai dalam negeri masih tergolong rendah karena potensi hasil dari varietas-varietas kedelai di dalam negeri masih rendah. Salah satu usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan potensi hasil kedelai yaitu dengan meningkatkan potensi genetiknya melalui poliploidisasi menggunakan senyawa antimitotik dari ekstrak daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi dan lama perendaman benih kedelai terhadap fenotif kedelai. Pelaksanaan penelitian di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap untuk menguji 10 perlakuan kombinasi ekstrak daun tapak dara serta lama perendaman dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter pengamatan dianalisis dengan analisis varians. Perbedaan antara perlakuan diuji dengan  Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada a 5%. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara dengan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap fenotif kedelai. Perendaman benih kedelai dalam larutan ekstrak daun tapak dara 1% selama 6 jam menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, panjang akar dan panjang polong lebih baik dari perlakuan lainnya.  Soybean productivity in Indonesia is relatively low due to the slight yield potential of domestic soybean varieties. Increasing its genetic potential through polyploidization using antimitotic compounds from leaf extract of tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus L.) should be made to increase soybean yield potential. This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration and duration of soaking soybean seeds on soybean phenotype. The experiment was carried out at greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Siliwangi from January to June 2021. A completely randomized design was applied to examine 10 combination treatments of tapak dara leaf extract and soaking time repeated 3 times. An analysis of variance (F test) was utilized by observational parameters, if there was a difference between treatments, Duncan's multiple range test was carried out at a 5% significance level. The results showed that soaking soybean seeds in a solution of tapak dara leaf extract with different concentrations and soaking time affecting the soybean phenotype. Soybean seed soaking in 1% tapak dara leaf extract solution for 6 hours showed that plant height, root length and pod length were better than other treatments

PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI NANO BIO FERTILIZER PADA USAHATANI DI LAHAN DARAT DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN KEANEKARAGAMAN PANGAN LOKAL DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI TALAS BENENG

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk Pemberdayaan petani di lahan darat melalui Penerapan Inovasi Teknologi Nano Bio Fertilizer pada tanaman talas beneng, serta mendorong membuka peluang usaha di perdesaan, dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan petani. Adapun tujuan khusus dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah; 1) sosialisi teknologi nano bio fertilizer dalam budidaya talas beneng dimulai dari penyediaan sarana produksi, persiapan lahan dan pengelolaan pasca panen, serta penelusuran pasar untuk menyerap hasil produksi yang dihasilkan.. Adapun tujuan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan kesejahteraan petani di lahan darat di wilayah Kabupaten Ciamis.Kegiatan pengabdian ini akan, dilaksakan secara berkala dengan menggunakan pendekatan pendekatan PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) atau Pemahaman Partisipatif Kondisi Pedesaan melalui sosialisai, coaching, dan praktek aplikasit inovasi teknologi nano bio fertilizer, serta pelatihan kepada para petani, khususnya berkaitan dengan manajeman agribisnis talas beneng yang dimulai dari penyediaan sarana produksi hingga ke pemasaran hasil produksi.Target keluaran dari kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat diterbitkan dalam jurnal pengabdian kepada masyarakat Univeritas Siliwangi, serta modul pemanfaatan Nano Bio Fertilizer dalam usahatani talas benen

Pertumbuhan Kedelai yang Diberi Ekstrak Daun Sembung Rambat (Mikania micrantha Kunth) pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan

Kedelai merupakan salah satu sumber protein nabati yang penting di Indonesia. Pemanfaatan lahan kering sangat prospektif untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pertumbuhan kedelai yang diberi ekstrak daun sembung rambat (Mikania micrantha) pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Ciamis Jawa Barat dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2020.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan pola faktorial yang diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ekstrak daun sembung rambat yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : 0% (kontrol), 1%, 1,5%, dan 2%. Faktor kedua adalah tingkat cekaman kekeringan yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : kontrol (100% kapasitas lapangan), cekaman ringan (60% kapasitas lapangan), dan cekaman sedang (40% kapasitas lapangan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan kedelai dipengaruhi oleh pemberian ekstrak daun sembung rambat (Micania micrantha) dan cekaman kekeringan. Pertumbuhan kedelai meningkat setelah diberi ekstrak daun sembung rambat. Tinggi tanaman, luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, dan nisbah pupus akar meningkat berturut turut sebesar 17,5%, 44,6%, 36,7%, dan 24,5%  dengan pemberian ekstrak daun sembung rambat, namun kadar relatif air daun dan kadar klorofil daun tidak terpengaruh. Sebaliknya, pertumbuhan kedelai terhambat akibat mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tinggi tanaman, luas daun, kadar air relatif daun, bobot kering tanaman, dan nisbah pupus akar menurun berturut turut sebesar 24,5%, 48,2%, 16,03%, 31%, 19,9% pada kondisi cekaman sedan

EFIKASI PESTISIDA NABATI DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT ANTRAKNOSA PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum L.)

ABSTRACTChili grows well both in lowland and highland, and as a high economic vegetable chili is widely grown by farmers. Nevertheless, there are still many obstacle in its management among others is pest and disease attack. Antracnose disease by Colletotrichum sp. causes yield decrease even harvest failure as it attacks the fruits. The objective was to find out kinds of biopesticides and its concentration to control antracnose disease. The experiment was conducted in Faculty of Agriculture garden from July until February 2017. A Randomized Block Design was used consisted of 9 treatments i.e. A (control), B (1% soursop extract), C (2% soursop extract), D (1% siam weed extract), E (2% siam weed extract), F (1% galangal rhizome extract), G (2% galangal rhizome extract), H (1% mixture of soursop, kirinyuh, and galangal rhizome extract), and I (2% mixture of soursop, siam weed, and galangal rhizome extract). The results that the efficacy of application of 1% to 2% extracts of soursop leaf, siam weeds, and galangal rhizome, both independently and in mixture, were in the range of ineffective and less effective categories in controlling antracnose disease on red chilli

ORIENTASI DOSIS DAN PENGARUH IRRADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STADIA AWAL BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merril) *)

Tiga varietas kedelai, yaitu varietas Dering, varietas Gema dan varietas Tanggamus dirradiasi dengan sinar Gamma dalam 11 tingkatan dosis radiasi yang terdiri dari : 0 (tanpa irradiasi), 100 Gy ,  200 Gy , 300 Gy ,  400 Gy, 500 Gy, 600 Gy, 700 Gy, 800 Gy, 900 Gy, dan 1000 Gy. Tujuan penelian adalah untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai pengaruh irradiasi sinar Gamma terhadap pertumbuhan kedelai pada stadium awal dan Dosis Letal 50 persen (LD 50) varietas-varietas tersebut terhadap irradiasi sinar Gamma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi interaksi antara dosis radiasi sinar Gamma dengan varietas terhadap sifat panjang epikotil dan tinggi tanaman kedelai. Penurunan panjang epikotil terjadi pada dosis 300 Gy pada varietas dering, 600 Gy pada varietas Gema dan 400 Gy pada varietas Tanggamus. Varietas dan radiasi sinar Gama berpengaruh terhadap daya kecambah, panjang hipokotil dan panjang akar. Varietas Gemma memiliki radiosensitivitas yang rendah terhadap irradiasi sinar Gamma, dosis irradiasi 800 Gy mengurangi daya kecambah, dosis 400 Gy menurunkan panjang hipotil, serta dosis 1000 Gy menurunkan panjang akar. Terjadi hubungan negatif antara dosis radiasi dengan dengan seluruh parameter yang diamati pada varietas Dering, Gema dan Tanggamus, kecuali dengan sifat daya kecambah pada varietas Gema dan Tanggamus. Nilai LD 50 radiasi sinar Gamma pada varietas Dering adalah 499,443 Gy, varietas Gema adalah 604,361 Gy dan pada varietas Tanggamus adalah 555,499 Gy

Pertumbuhan Kedelai yang Diberi Ekstrak Daun Sembung Rambat (Mikania micrantha Kunth) pada Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan

Kedelai merupakan salah satu sumber protein nabati yang penting di Indonesia. Pemanfaatan lahan kering sangat prospektif untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pertumbuhan kedelai yang diberi ekstrak daun sembung rambat (Mikania micrantha) pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Ciamis Jawa Barat dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2020.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan pola faktorial yang diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ekstrak daun sembung rambat yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu : 0% (kontrol), 1%, 1,5%, dan 2%. Faktor kedua adalah tingkat cekaman kekeringan yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu : kontrol (100% kapasitas lapangan), cekaman ringan (60% kapasitas lapangan), dan cekaman sedang (40% kapasitas lapangan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan kedelai dipengaruhi oleh pemberian ekstrak daun sembung rambat (Micania micrantha) dan cekaman kekeringan. Pertumbuhan kedelai meningkat setelah diberi ekstrak daun sembung rambat. Tinggi tanaman, luas daun, bobot kering tanaman, dan nisbah pupus akar meningkat berturut turut sebesar 17,5%, 44,6%, 36,7%, dan 24,5%  dengan pemberian ekstrak daun sembung rambat, namun kadar relatif air daun dan kadar klorofil daun tidak terpengaruh. Sebaliknya, pertumbuhan kedelai terhambat akibat mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Tinggi tanaman, luas daun, kadar air relatif daun, bobot kering tanaman, dan nisbah pupus akar menurun berturut turut sebesar 24,5%, 48,2%, 16,03%, 31%, 19,9% pada kondisi cekaman sedan

Antibacterial properties of Kelulut, Tualang and Acacia honey against fourteen clinically-isolated strains of bacteria-infecting wound

Bacterial infection is the most common cause of prolonged wound healing period. Honey has been known as an effective antibacterial agent due to its peroxide and non-peroxide activities to prevent bacterial infection. This study aims to investigate antibacterial property of three varieties of Malaysian honey represented by two multifloral; Kelulut and Tualang, and one monofloral; Acacia against fourteen isolated bacteria from wounds of three patients. Agar well diffusion assay was used to screen the antibacterial property of these honey. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were performed for antibacterial evaluation at a concentration range of 60% (w/v) to 5% (w/v). This method was utilised to analyse the total and non-peroxide activities of the honey against all clinically isolated bacterial strains. The initial screening has demonstrated Kelulut as a strong antibacterial agent than Tualang and Acacia which was comparable to medical-grade Manuka (UMF 18+). The MICs for Kelulut, Tualang, and Acacia were observed to range from 5% (w/v) to 12.5% (w/v), 12.5% (w/v) to 30% (w/v), and 25% (w/v) to 50% (w/v) respectively, while the range was between 5% (w/v) and 15% (w/v) for Manuka. The difference for peroxide and non-peroxide activities recorded were statistically significant (p<0.05) for Kelulut, Tualang, and Manuka, excluding Acacia. Malaysian honey do possess antibacterial property against clinically isolated bacteria from wound in which Kelulut honey was identified to have a close similarity to the medical-grade Manuka. Based on our results, Kelulut has shown the strongest antibacterial activity and can be considered as one of the alternative treatments to reduce the healing period of infected wound

Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Sirsak, Kirinyuh, dan Rimpang Lengkuas terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Colletotrichum acutatum

Several plants that are potentially used as bio-pesticides are soursop, siam weed, and galangal. The research objective was to find out the effectiveness of leaf extract of soursop and C. odorata, and extract of galangal rhizome in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum acutatum colonies, causing antracnose on chilli, in in vitro. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya from July until August 2016. The research design used was a completely randomized design consisted of nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were A ( control); B (soursop leaf extract, 0,5%); C (soursop leaf extract, 1%); D (C. odorata leaf extract, 0,5 %); E (C. odorata leaf extract 1%); F (galangal rhizome extract 0,5%); G (galangal rhizome extract 1%); H (mixture of soursop leaf extract, C. odorata leaf extract, and galangal rhizome extract each 0,5%; and I (mixture of soursop leaf extract, C. odorata leaf extract, and galangal rhizome extract each 1%). The results showed that the mixture of each 1% soursop leaf extract, C.odorata leaf extract and galangal rhizome extract was effective in inhibiting the growth of C. acutatum colonies at 7 and 14 days incubation period by 66,19% and 69,94% respectively. The three extracts are potentials as anti-fungus of C. acutatum

Optimisation and evaluation of antibacterial topical preparation from Malaysian kelulut honey using guar gum as polymeric agent

The study aims to formulate and optimise topical antibacterial preparation using Malaysian kelulut honey as the active ingredient and guar gum as the polymeric agent. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the preparation. The acidity, honey concentration, and guar gum concentration were the independent variables. Meanwhile, the zone of inhibitions on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC8739 were the response variables. The optimal preparation was evaluated on its physicochemical properties, viscosity, antibacterial efficacy, and stability. The antibacterial efficacy of the optimal preparation was compared to the commercial antibacterial gel (MediHoney™, Comvita). The optimal preparation was formulated at pH 3.5, honey concentration of 90% (w/v), and guar gum concentration of 1.5% (w/v). The inhibition zones measured on S. aureus ATCC6538 was 16.2 mm and E. coli ATCC8739 was 15.8 mm, respectively. The optimal preparation showed good physicochemical properties and effective antibacterial properties. However, the viscosity of the preparation was reduced by more than 50% during the six months of the stability study. Guar gum is a potential polymeric agent in preparing kelulut as topical preparation with effective antibacterial properties. Consideration of additional stabilising or preservative agent is recommended to overcome the reduction of viscosity over time

Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Sirsak, Kirinyuh, dan Rimpang Lengkuas terhadap Pertumbuhan Koloni Colletotrichum acutatum

Several plants that are potentially used as bio-pesticides are soursop, siam weed, and galangal. The research objective was to find out the effectiveness of leaf extract of soursop and C. odorata, and extract of galangal rhizome in inhibiting the growth of Colletotrichum acutatum colonies, causing antracnose on chilli, in in vitro. The experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya from July until August 2016. The research design used was a completely randomized design consisted of nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were A ( control); B (soursop leaf extract, 0,5%); C (soursop leaf extract, 1%); D (C. odorata leaf extract, 0,5 %); E (C. odorata leaf extract 1%); F (galangal rhizome extract 0,5%); G (galangal rhizome extract 1%); H (mixture of soursop leaf extract, C. odorata leaf extract, and galangal rhizome extract each 0,5%; and I (mixture of soursop leaf extract, C. odorata leaf extract, and galangal rhizome extract each 1%). The results showed that the mixture of each 1% soursop leaf extract, C.odorata leaf extract and galangal rhizome extract was effective in inhibiting the growth of C. acutatum colonies at 7 and 14 days incubation period by 66,19% and 69,94% respectively. The three extracts are potentials as anti-fungus of C. acutatum.</p