Geomagnetic Kp Index and Planetary Magnetosphere Size Relationship: for Mercury and Jupiter During two Types of Geomagnetic Conditions

يرتبط المؤشر Kp بالعديد من خصائص الماكنيتوسفير، والذي يستخدم لقياس مستوى النشاط المغناطيسي. تم اختيار اثنين من أكثر الكواكب المختلفة في النظام الشمسي، عطارد بمجاله المغناطيسي الضعيف وكوكب المشتري بمجاله المغناطيسي القوي لهذه الدراسة لحساب نصف قطر الماكنيتوسفير للكوكب (RMP) والذي يمثل حجم الماكنيتوسفير ومقارنته بالنشاط الشمسي من خلال المؤشر Kp ولنوعين من العواصف الجيومغناطيسية الهادئة والقوية وللفترة (2016-2018). من النتائج تبين ان هنالك علاقة عسكية بينهما خلال العواصف القوية، في حين ان هذه العلاقة تكون طردية في حالة النشاط الجيومغناطيسي الهادئ. وايضا لوحظ ان هنالك تقلص في حجم الماكنيتوسفير اثناء العواصف القوية مقارنة بالحالة الهادئة وللكوكبين المختارين عطارد والمشتري. يمكن ان نستنتج من هذه النتائج ان العلاقة بين نوع العاصفة وحجم الماكنيتوسفير لايعتمد على قوة المجال المغناطيسي للكوكب وبعده عن الشمس.     Kp index correlates with the many magnetosphere properties, which are used to measure the level of magnetic activity. In the solar system, the two different planets, Mercury with weak magnetic field and Jupiter with strong magnetic field, are selected for this study to calculate the planet's magnetosphere radius (RMP) which represents the size of magnetosphere compared with solar activity through Kp index,  through two types of geomagnetic conditions; quiet and strong for the period (2016-2018). From the results, we found that there are reversible relations between them during strong geomagnetic storms, while there are direct relations during quiet geomagnetic conditions. Also it is found that there is a reduction in the size of magnetosphere during the strong geomagnetic storms as compared to the magnetosphere size during geomagnetic quiet conditions for the two planets: Mercury and Jupiter. We can conclude from these results that the relation between storm type and magnetosphere size is independent of the strength of planetary surface magnetic field and their distance from the Sun

What Determines Sukuk Market Development? New Theoretical Insights

In recent past, the Asian economies faced various financial crises, 1997 & 2008, because of underdeveloped or small capital markets. Most of the countries continued to heavily depend on the mere banking system for sovereign and corporate financing needs which made the region repeatedly vulnerable to the crises state. Therefore, the last decade has witnessed the remarkable growth in the alternative arrangement in the form sukuk and bond markets. The academic literature on the topic mainly focuses on bond market ignoring largely the determinants of sukuk market. Using content analysis approach, this conceptual study proposes the theoretical relationships of sukuk with some new possible determining factors along with some other factors which have not received enough attention in the literature. The study focuses on the dynamics of foreign capital inflows, macroeconomic and financial variables with respect to sukuk market development

Standards of Multimedia Graphic Design in Education

This study aims to determine Standards of Multimedia Graphic Design in Education through the analysis of the theoretical basis and previous studies related to this subject. This study has identified the list of standards of Multimedia, Graphic Design, each of which has a set indicator through which the quality of Multimedia can be evaluated in education. These course standards are: General Standards, Standards for using colors, Printed text, Illustrations and photographs, Cartoons, Video clips, using vocal sound, Sound effects and Music. Keywords: standards, Graphic Design, Education, Multimedia

Histopathological Analysis and Study of Expression of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) in Thyroid Follicular Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Thyroid cancer is one of common endocrine cancers. Thyroid follicular neoplasms includes Follicular Adenoma, Follicular carcinoma and Follicular variant of Papillary Carcinoma. Diagnosis of a solitary encapsulated nodule with histomorphologic pattern is problematic for pathologists. PSMA is tumour associated neovasculature marker in prostrate cancers and in some solid malignant tumours. This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of PSMA in neovasculature of thyroid follicular neoplasms by immunohistochemistry to determine its usefulness for distinguishing between adenoma and carcinoma. METHODS: The study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai, during the period from May 2016 to August 2018 on 113 specimens of thyroid follicular neoplasms received in the department. After adequate fixation, representative bits were taken, processed and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. The cases were classified based on WHO classification, 2017. Selected cases of thyroid follicular neoplasms were subjected to immunohistochemical evaluation with PSMA. RESULTS: Thyroid follicular neoplasm showed an incidence of 7.4%. Thyroid follicular neoplasm showed a Female male ratio of 7:1. The instensity and extent of staininig was signnificantly higher in follicular carcinoma and follicular variant of papillaey carcinoma than follicular adenoma. Fischer exact test was used to calculate and the P values obtained for intensity and extent of PSMA staining was less than 0.05. CONCLUSION: Expression of PSMA in neovasculature can be used to distinguish benign and malignant follicular neoplasm by assessing the intensity and extent of staining of endothelial cells

Contemplation Impact of Pulp Seeds Cucurbita Pepo L. and its Paste on Oxidative Stress in Rats

Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds and seeds paste which are rich sources of phytochemicals and act as a rich source of antioxidants. The most important phytochemicals present in the cucurbits are cucurbitacin’s, saponins, carotenoids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. These bioactive phyto-constituents are responsible for the pharmacological effects including antioxidant effect. Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds and seeds paste on rats suffering from oxidative stress. Thirty-six male albino rats were used in the experiment (Sprague-Dawley strain). The animals randomly divided 6 rats each group according to the following the first Group: Rats were fed basal diet and set as negative control. The other rats (n = 30) were fed on basal diet containing monosodium glutamate (120 mg/kg) for induce stress condition. After that, rats further divided into 5 groups (n = 6) each for six weeks as follows: -2nd Group: Rats were fed on basal diet containing monosodium glutamate and set as positive control. 3rd Group: Rats were fed on diet containing monosodium glutamate with addition of Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds 5%. 4th Group: Rats were fed on diet containing monosodium glutamate with addition of Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds 10%. 5th Group: Rats were fed on diet containing monosodium glutamate with addition of Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds paste 5%. 6th Group: Rats were fed on diet containing monosodium glutamate with addition of Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds paste 10%. The experimental period was six weeks; Blood samples were collected. At the end of the experiment, the results showed that using seeds 5% & 10% and seeds paste 5% & 10% in feeding the stressed rats increased (BWG%, FI, FER, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) with highest results in group fed on 10% seeds paste and decreased (Urea, Creatinine, ALT, AST, IL-6 and INF-gamma) with lowest results in group fed on 10% Cucurbita Pepo L. seeds paste

The Development Of High Temperature Recirculating Pump (HTRP) For Energy Savings In An Incinerator.

Tremendous increase in generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become a major concern for the Ma-laysian government as the country experiencing rapid development. It was estimated about 16000 tones/day MSW is produced at national level and in Kuala Lumpur alone about 2500 tones/day

Validity of Glasgow Coma Scale - Pupil Age Charts in Predicting The Outcome for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

Context: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is considered a cornerstone of neurological assessment to distinguish the prognosis of traumatic brain injury patients. Aim: This study aimed to examine the validity of the Glasgow coma scale - Pupil Age charts in predicting outcomes for patients with traumatic brain injury. Methods: Descriptive exploratory research design was utilized to conduct this study at El-Fayoum University Hospitals and EL-Nabawi Mohandas General hospital in the Neurosurgical intensive care unit and neurosurgical inpatients ward. This research included a purposive sample of 100 adult patients with Traumatic Brain Injury using three tools for assessment. They were the patient's profile data form, the Glasgow Coma Scale - Pupil Age Charts, and the Glasgow outcome scale. Criterion validity with its two types of predictive validity and concurrent validity was used to validate GCS-Pupil Age charts. Results: The study shows that the Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil Age Chart is valid in predicting outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury patient with the best cut-off value of <10.50, a sensitivity of 91.5%, and a specificity of 98.1%, while the Glasgow Coma Scale with the best cut off value <9.50, sensitivity 87.2%, and specificity of 94.3%. Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil Age Charts and Computed tomography findings are valid in predicting outcomes following traumatic brain injury. Conclusion: Glasgow Coma Scale-Pupil Age Charts and computed tomography finding chart are valid in predicting outcomes following traumatic brain injury. The current study recommended developing an educational program for nurses working in intensive care units about GCS and GCS- PA charts to assess traumatic brain injured patients. Besides, encouraging the use of GCS- PA charts in the emergency unit and neurosurgical intensive care unit to predict patient outcomes and plan the care for traumatic brain injury patients. Designing the clinical pathway for traumatic brain-injured patients from admission until discharge considering age, pupil reactivity response, and CT findings

Návrh základních technologických celků technologie SCR pro denitrifikaci spalin

The thesis deals with the design of the basic reactor design of the SCR flue gas denitrification method. The flue gas is fed from the gaseous fuel combustion process, its composition, the NOx value of the raw flue gas and the desired NOx emission value are known. The flue gas flow, temperature at the location of the SCR method is also known. The reactant flow requirement has been determined. Here it is a "High dust" location. The reactor is located vertically, the flue gas inlet duct is horizontal. Honey comb type catalysts were specified for the unit. The basic results of the work are basically two. The first is the determination of the optimum length of the zone of mixing of the reactant with the flue gas before entering the vertical part of the reactor, The method of reactant supply and the element "static mixer" were designed so that the concentration profile of the reactant already in the horizontal flue gas duct was optimal, The second result is the design of the guiding surfaces in the transition from the horizontal to the vertical part of the reactor and the determination of the minimum distance to the catalytic modules. The result is then the optimum flue gas velocity profile at the inlet to the catalytic layers for a given design of the guidance surfaces. Mathematical modelling, ANSYS CFX software, was used to determine the optimum relevant dimensions.Práce se zabývá návrhem základního designu reaktoru metody denitrifikace spalin SCR. Spaliny jsou přivedeny z procesu spalování plynného paliva, je známo jejich složení, hodnota NOx surových spalin a požadovaná hodnota emisní NOx. Je dále znám tok spalin, teplota v místě umístění metody SCR. Byl stanoven požadavek na tok reagentu. Zde se jedná o umístění „high dust“. Reaktor je umístěn svisle, přívodní spalinový kanál je vodorovný. Byly určeny katalyzátory typu „honey comb“ pro danou jednotku. Základní výsledky práce jsou v podstatě dva. Prvním je stanovení optimální délky zóny míšeni reagentu se spalinami před vstupem do svislé části reaktoru, Byl navržen způsob přívodu reagentu a prvek „statický mixér“ tak, aby koncentrační profil reagentu již ve vodorovném spalinovém kanálu byl optimální, Druhým výsledkem pak je design naváděcích ploch v přechodu z vodorovné do svislé části reaktoru a určení minimální vzdálenosti ke katalytickým modulům. Výsledkem pak je optimální rychlostní profil spalin na vstupu do katalytických vrstev pro daný konstrukční návrh naváděcích ploch. Pro stanovení optimálních relevantních rozměrů bylo využito matematického modelování, software ANSYS CFX.361 - Katedra energetikyvelmi dobř

Effect of fire smoke on some biochemical parameters in firefighters of Saudi Arabia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Firefighters who are facing fires, are frequently exposed to hazardous materials including carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen chloride, benzene, sulphur dioxide, etc. This study aimed to evaluate some relevant serum biochemical and blood hematological changes in activity involved firefighters in comparison to normal subjects.</p> <p>Subjects and Methods</p> <p>Two groups of male firefighters volunteered to participate in the study. The first included 28 firefighters from Jeddah, while the second included 21 firefighters from Yanbu, with overall age ranged 20–48 years. An additional group of 23 male non-firefighters volunteered from both cities as normal control subjects, of age range 20–43 years. Blood samples were collected from all volunteer subjects and investigated for some relevant serum biochemical and blood hematological changes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results obtained showed that, there were statistically significant differences in liver function, kidney function, serum lipid profile, cortisol, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, iron and its biologically active derivatives, and blood picture in firefighters as compared with the normal control group. These results indicate that, fire smoke mainly affects serum biochemical and blood hematological parameters. Such results might point out to the need for more health protective and prophylactic measures to avoid such hazardous health effects that might endanger firefighters under their highly drastic working conditions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Besides using of personal protective equipments for firefighters to protect them against exposure to toxic materials of fire smoke, it is recommended that, firefighters must be under continuous medical follow up through a standard timetabled medical laboratory investigations to allow for early detection of any serum biochemical or blood hematological changes that might happen during their active service life and to allow for early treatment whenever necessary.</p

The potential cytoprotective effect of Vitamin C and Vitamin E on monosodium glutamate-induced testicular toxicity in rats

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been recognized as flavor enhancer that adversely affects male reproductive systems. Objective: The study was conducted to explore the conceivable protective effects of vitamin C and/or vitamin E on testicular toxicity induced by MSG in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided (six per group) into: control, MSG, MSG + Vitamin C, MSG + Vitamin E and MSG + Vitamin C + Vitamin E groups. The duration of the study was three weeks. Assessment of serum testosterone, leuteinizing hormone (LH), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), interleukin-10 (IL-10) ,and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were done. Histopathological examination of the testes of the rats was performed using histological, histochemical (Periodic Acid Schiff reaction (PAS)), and immunohistochemical (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), androgen receptors (ARs), Caspase-3) techniques. Results: MSG-group was associated with significant decrease in serum testosterone, LH, GPX, and IL-10 (P &lt; 0.05) and significant increase in serum MDA and TNF-α (P &lt; 0.05) when compared with control group. MSG-group revealed many histopathological changes in the testis including degeneration of the germinal epithelium, absence of sperms in the lumina of tubules, widened vacuolated interstitium, marked deposition of the collagen fibers, very strong PAS reaction and marked immunohistochemical changes. Administration of vitamin C or vitamin E significantly reduced these changes; however, the combination of vitamin C and vitamin E provided more potent protection against the toxic effect of MSG than using each vitamin alone. Also, there was insignificant difference (P &gt; 0.05) between MSG +Vitamin C and MSG +Vitamin E groups. Conclusion: Vitamin C and Vitamin E act synergistically in reducing MSG-induced testicular toxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of both vitamins