A conceptual model for assessing the level of development of pilgrimage routes

This paper proposes an innovative conceptual model based on a hierarchical structure for the assessment of pilgrimage routes, establishing and weighting the different associated elements. Based on a holistic approach, a Diagnostic Matrix was created which structures the surveying of predefined variables and enables the evaluation of pilgrimage routes. This tool allows an understanding of both, material and immaterial elements that comprise part of pilgrimage experiences, and of the respective routes as tourism products. Based on the case of the Portuguese Camino de Santiago, the proposed matrix enables the diagnosis of the entire route, as well as partial analysis, which can be sector specific (e.g. accommodation), or region / locality specific (e.g. municipality level). From the diagnosis, intervention plans can emerge, identifying the needs and actions to be implemented. The Conceptual Model and subsequent Diagnostic Matrix allows the public, private and voluntary sectors, such as local authorities, associations and economic agents, to better comprehend what role to play in the overall improvement and development of the Route based on existing good practices. Although this study is based on a specific route, it is expected that the same methodology can be applied to other pilgrimage routes, after proceeding with necessary adjustments to the specificities of the respective context.8014-1B5A-933A | Goretti SilvaN/

Leaf trichomes and foliar chemistry mediate defence against glasshouse thrips; Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouché) in Rhododendron simsii

Herbivore defence mechanisms are a costly diversion of resources away from growth and reproduction. Thus time-limited and tissue specific expression in critical plant parts is more efficient as defined by optimal defence theory. Surprisingly little is known about Rhododendron herbivore defence but it may be mediated by combined chemical and physical mechanisms. Rhododendron simsii Planch. survives cyclic infestations of a leaf-feeding thrips, Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis, which severely damage mature leaves but avoid terminal young leaves suggesting specific, localised defence expression. We examined correlations between the distribution of thrips and feeding damage with density of trichomes and the concentration of the diterpenoid, grayanotoxin I, a compound implicated in but not previously reported to meditate invertebrate defence in Rhododendron. Our data show that as leaves matured the number of thrips and area of feeding damage increased as trichome density and grayanotoxin I concentration decreased, this inverse correlation 10 suggesting trichomes and grayanotoxin I mediate defence in younger leaf tissue. Grayanotoxin I was tested against H. haemorrhoidalis and was toxic to immature life stages and repellent to the adult thrips, reducing numbers of first instars emerging on leaves when applied at ecologically relevant concentrations. This work demonstrates that the pattern of defensive traits in foliage of a species of Rhododendron is key to its ability to tolerate cyclic infestations of a generalist herbivore, effectively conserving vital tissues required for growth and reproduction

Refundar la escuela secundaria. Análisis del proceso de reforma curricular en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina (2007-2011) / Reformar a escola secundária: análise do processo de reforma curricular na Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina (2007-2011) / Refounding the Secondary School: analysis of the curricular reform process in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina (2007-2011)

Este trabajo presenta los resultados preliminares de la investigación “La enseñanza de la historia y la geografía latinoamericana y caribeña: descolonización del saber y reconfiguración de identidades territoriales”4 cuyo objetivo general fue analizar los imaginarios presentes sobre América Latina y el Caribe en los diseños curriculares (DC) de la escuela secundaria de la Provincia de Buenos. Como punto de partida consideramos necesario estudiar la política pública mediante la cual se impulsó la construcción de los diseños curriculares vigentes, elaborados entre 2007 y 2011, tema que abordaremos en este artículo. El proyecto se enmarca en los postulados teóricos desarrollados por la mexicana Alicia Alaba en torno a la noción de currículum, a partir de los cuales analizamos la reforma curricular realizada entre 2007 y 2011 tomando como fuente principal las entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a funcionarios políticos y equipos técnicos, actores de estructuración formal del currículum de la reforma mencionada

Rela??es interpessoais no ensino de ci?ncias

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:13:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 389890.pdf: 466350 bytes, checksum: ab1a721f5ebb8c6a9ad0068611aecd7b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-01-15No presente trabalho, apresentam-se os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou descobrir o grau de influ?ncia das rela??es interpessoais no ensino de Ci?ncias. Ao longo da trajet?ria de quarenta anos nas lides do Magist?rio, tornou-se poss?vel perceber o quanto ? importante o componente relacionamento no processo ensinoaprendizagem. Os dados foram levantados pela constata??o dos fatos marcantes da atividade docente e aqui assinalados sob a forma de autobiografia profissional em que se procurou relatar todas as importantes etapas cumpridas no decorrer desse procedimento pedag?gico. No percurso foi poss?vel verificar a import?ncia das rela??es interpessoais praticadas pelo professor em sala de aula no desempenho das suas fun??es, como forma eficiente e eficaz de facilitar a comunica??o entre ele e os alunos. Isto serviu de motivo ? investiga??o ora apresentada. Para tanto, procurou-se embasamento na leitura de autores, todos ligados ? Educa??o e ao tema, dos quais extra?ram-se ensinamentos, dando sustenta??o ?s conclus?es estabelecidas na pesquisa com alunos da Universidade Cat?lica de Pelotas. Um fato mostrou-se significativo no contexto geral do desempenho docente: a comunica??o verbal do professor, como a maneira apropriada para promover a aprendizagem. Nessa investiga??o, os depoimentos colhidos demonstraram ter sido fundamental a exposi??o clara, vibrante, concisa e convincente dos assuntos de aula, bem como o estreitamento dos la?os de amizade, entre o professor e os alunos, para o bom desenvolvimento dos trabalhos te?ricos e pr?ticos e por conseq??ncia, para resultados satisfat?rios de aproveitamento final. Desta forma, neste trabalho procurou-se evidenciar o valor das rela??es interpessoais na forma??o do professor que, juntamente com a bagagem de conhecimentos espec?ficos da disciplina, postura pessoal, sentimentos e atitudes ?ticas, constituem instrumentos colocados ? mostra no desempenho da atividade professoral e referenciais seguros da firmeza com que ? exercido o processo educativ