Biomassa Bibit Tanaman Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) yang Ditanam pada Tanah Pascatambang Emas Bombana dengan Variasi Pupuk Kandang

Research to back up ex gold mining  restoration must  been done with  productive plant so gets to answer about problem environmental one arises mining industry effect and can get to increase economy of plant exploit facet. This research aims was to know plant seed growth Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) with biomassa accumulation on organ comes to root, bar, and plant seed leaf of Cashew nut ( Anacardium occidentale L.) that old three-month after implant. Experiment research utilize fledged random design (RAL), consisting tree manures (crib manures, goat den manures, and henhouse manures) with same dose, which is 150 ha-1 tons, and control (without manures) with five replicated. Experimental procedure consisting of plant media preparation utilize ex mining land, preparation organic and an organic manure seed instilling, manuring, preserve, and cropping. Instilling and plant preserve is done in green house FMIPA UHO'S Biological. Result observationaling to point out that biomassa allocation plant tends to be presented at by leaf then bar organ and root, well on control and also on conduct by manures den. Biomassa allocation percentage in plant organ that is given manures greater crib than deep plant organ on conduct manures henhouse, goat den manure and control. Biomassa allocation most little on organ comes to root with percentage most little on conduct manures crib then on henhouse manure and supreme on goat den manure

Pertumbuhan dan Alokasi Biomassa Organ Tanaman Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni L.) yang Ditanam Pada Tanah Bekas Tambang Emas dengan Perlakuan Pupuk Kandang

Abstract.  The purpose of this study is to determine the growth and biomass allocation of Mahagony plant organs are planted on ex-gold mining soil with manure treatment. The experimental research with four treatments are control (without manure), manure (cow, goat, chicken) with five replications. The plant growth parameters are observed consist of plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, rooth lenght, dry weight, and biomass percentage are located to leaves, stems and plant roots. The data are tested anova and continue with t-test. The result showed that the treatment of manure had efeect on the growth and mahagony planted on ex-golg mining soil. Plant biomass on all manure treatment are largest alloccated to leaves organ then to stems and roots. Based on t-test result that the cow manure treatment is better to supporting growth and biomass of mahagony plant than chicken manure, goat manure and control.Keywords: growth, biomass, mahagony, ex-gold mining soil, manur

INDENTIFKASI JENIS TUMBUHAN DI LOKASI PERTAMBANGAN NIKEL PT. CMMI (CAHAYA MODERN METAL INDUSTRI) KABUPATEN KONAWE SULAWESI TENGGARA

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang tumbuh di lokasi pertambangan nikel PT. CMMI (Cahaya Modern Metal Industri) Kabupaten Konawe, Sulawesi Tenggara. Prosedur penelitian dimulai dengan penetapan lokasi penelitian, kemudian dilanjutkan koleksi tumbuhan dan identifikasi jenis-jenis tumbuhan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode jelajah pada 3 stasiun pengamatan (stasiun I, stasiun II dan stasiun III). Hasil penelitian teridentifikasi 51 jenis tumbuhan yang tergolong dalam divisi Spermatophyta dan Pteridophyta. Divisi Spermatophyta terdistribusi dalam kelas Dicotyledoneae sebanyak 15 suku, kelas Monocotyledoneae sebanyak 2 suku, Divisi Pteridophyta terdistribusi dalam kelas Pteridopsida sebanyak 2 suku, yaitu Polypodiaceae dan Schizaeaceae. Stasiun I ditemukan sebanyak 40 jenis, stasiun II ditemukan sebanyak 15 jenis dan stasiun III ditemukan sebanyak 32 jenis. Kata Kunci : Identifikasi, Tumbuhan,Tambang nikel, PT. CMMI ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research was to find out the species of plants that grow in the nickel mining location of PT CMMI (Modern Light Metal industry) Konawe district, Southeast Sulawesi. Study Procedure begins with the determination of the area of research, collections of plants dan identification of plant species. Results of the study identified 51 species of plants that are classified indivisins Spermatophyta and Pteridophyta. The Divisio Spermatophyta distributed  class Dicotyledoneae 15 family and the class Monocotyledoneae 2 family. The Divisin Pteridophyta distributed in class Pteridopsida as much as 2 family, Schizaeaceae and Polypodiaceae. The station I found as much as 40 species, station II found as much as 15 species and station III found as much as 32 species.Keyword : Identification, Plant, Nickel mine , PT. CMM

Peranan Jamur Rhizoctonia sp. Asal Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai Sulawesi Tenggara terhadap Keberhasilan Aklimatisasi dan Laju Pertumbuhan Planlet Anggrek Macan (Grammatophyllum scriptum BL.)

The aim of this research was to know the role of Rhizoctonia sp. fungus from Taman Nasional Rawa Aopa Watumohai (TNRAW) to the successfully acclimatization and growth rate of tiger orchid planlet (Grammatophyllum scriptum Bl.) as well to know successfully infection of fungus Rhizoctonia sp. at the planlet root. The procedure of this research consists 3 main steps, they were fungus inoculation on orchid’s growing media, growth test and verification of successfully infection on planlet root. Growth test consisting of 3 treatments namely control (without nutrition and fungi) (K0); Rhizoctonia sp. application (R1); Rhizoctonia sp. + nutrition Potato Dextrose Borth (PDB) (R2) with the repetition for 8 times, then the growth data was analysed by statistics utilizes to F-test and continue by BNT-test on 95% trusty level. The result of the research showed that R2 treatment increase high planlet, leaf and root number. All the mean score of research indicator R2 was highest compared R1 and K0. The result of F-test showed R1 and R2 treatment gave significant influence toward the high planlet, leaf and root number growth. Except, fresh and dry weight planlet. Eventhough, fresh and dry weight was higher compared than K0 acclimatization period for a month.  Rhizoctonia sp. fungus infected planlet root through velamen to eksodermis and cortex by forming hifa scroll (pelotons)

Aktivitas Antibakteri Kombucha Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Dengan Konsentrasi Gula Berbeda

Kombucha daun sirsak merupakan minuman hasil fermentasi simbiosis antara bakteri asam asetat Acetobacter xylinum dan khamir Saccharomyces sp. yang menggunakan bahan baku rebusan daun sirsak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri kombucha daun sirsak dengan variasi konsentrasi gula yang berbeda. Konsentrasi gula yang digunakan dalam pembuatan kombucha daun sirsak adalah 10%, 20%, 30% dan 40% (b/v). Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi sumuran menggunakan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Kombucha daun sirsak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan spektrum luas. Kombucha daun sirsak dengan konsentrasi gula 20% memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi. Dengan demikian, kombucha daun sirsak sangat berpotensi sebagai minuman kesehatan

POTENSI LIMBAH CAIR TAHU SEBAGAI SUMBER NITROGEN PADA PRODUKSI SELULOSA BAKTERI

Produksi selulosa bakteri (nata) pada umumnya menggunakan pupuk ZA (Amonium sulfat) atau urea sebagai sumber nitrogen. Penggunaan sumber nitrogen alami seperti limbah cair tahu dalam produksi selulosa bakteri, merupakan alternatif pengganti pupuk ZA yang  lebih aman untuk dikonsumsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi limbah cair tahu sebagai sumber nitrogen pada produksi selulosa bakteri. Produksi selulosa bakteri dilakukan menggunakan substrat air kelapa yang ditambahkan limbah cair tahu dengan perlakuan perbandingan antara air kelapa dan limbah cair tahu adalah 1 : 1; 1 : 3 dan 3: 1. Fermentasi selulosa bakteri dilakukan dengan metode statis (diam) selama 14 hari menggunakan bakteri Acetobacter xylinum. Parameter yang diukur meliputi ketebalan, rendemen, kadar serat kasar dan kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selulosa bakteri dapat diproduksi pada perlakuan  perbandingan air kelapa dan limbah cair tahu 1 :1 dan 3 : 1, namun perlakuan substrat dengan perbandingan air kelapa dan limbah cair tahu 1 : 3 tidak menghasilkan selulosa bakteri. Selulosa bakteri yang diproduksi menggunakan subtrat air kelapa dan limbah cair tahu sebagai sumber nitrogen dengan  perbandingan 1 : 1 memiliki ketebalan 15,03 mm, rendemen 13,25%, kadar serat 0,29% dan kadar air 86,76%, sedangkan selulosa bakteri dari substrat dengan perbandingan air kelapa  dan limbah cair tahu 3 : 1 memiliki ketebalan 16,69 mm, rendemen  12,89%, kadar serat 0,28%, dan kadar air 87,11%. Dengan demikian, limbah cair tahu berpotensi digunakan sebagai sumber nitrogen untuk memproduksi selulosa bakteri. Kata kunci :Selulosa bakteri, Limbah cair tahu, sumber nitrogen, nata

Screening of Acetic Acid Bacteria from Pineapple Waste for Bacterial Cellulose Production using Sago Liquid Waste

Bacterial cellulose is a biopolymer produced by fermentation process with the help of bacteria. It has numerous applications in industrial sector with its characteristic as a biodegradable and nontoxic compound in nature. The potential application of BC is limited by its production costs, because BC is produced from expensive cul ture media. The use of cheap carbon and nutrient sources such as sago liquid waste is an interesting strategy to overcome this limitation. The objective of this study was to obtain the AAB strain that capable to produce bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste. Isolation of AAB strains was conducted using CARR media and the screening of BC production was performed on Hestrin-Schramm (HS) media with glucose as a carbon source. The strains of AAB then were evaluated for their cellulose-producing capability using sago liquid waste as a substrate. Thirteen strains of AAB producing BC were isolated from pineapple waste (pineapple core and peel) and seven of them were capable to produce BC using sago liquid waste substrate. One of the AAB strains produced a relatively high BC, i.e. isolate LKN6. The result of morphological and biochemical test was proven that the bacteria was Acetobacter xylinum.. The result of this study showed that A. xylinum LKN6 can produce a high yield of BC, therefore this strain is potentially useful for its utilization as a starter in bacterial cellulose production

KARAKTER ANATOMI DAN FISIOLOGI TANAMAN JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale L.) YANG DITANAM PADA TANAH PASCATAMBANG EMAS DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI

The purpose of this study was to determine: anatomy character (density, length, and width of stomata), chlorophyll content index, and alkaloids content of plant cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale L.) planted on gold post-mining soil Bombana with variation dose of cow manure. The experimental research use completely randomized design with four treatments, namely without cow manure (S0), and treatment of cow manure 100g 10kg-1 soil (S1), 125g 10kg-1 soil (S2), and 150g 10kg-1soil (S3)  in repeated 3 times. Anatomy of leaves Cashew plant parameters observed were the levels of density stomata, length stomata, width stomata, and the physiology were chlorophyll content index and alkaloids content. Test data using Anova and continued with LSD (density stomata), and BJND (chlorophyll content index) level of 95%. The results showed that cow manure of the treatments S3 gives the highest value of density stomata (16,98 mm2), length stomata (122, 24 µm), width stomata (109, 97 µm) and chlorophyll content index is (42,81 CCI) while on treatments alkaloids content highest S0 is (0,005 g). Cow Manure is significantly influence of stomata density  and chlorophyll content index, but no significant effect on the stomata length, stomata width and alkaloids content. Keywords : Stomata, Chlorophyll Content Index, Alkaloids Content, Cow Manure, Plant Cashew  Gold Post-Mining Soil

Genetic Diversity of Flying Fish (Exocoetidae) in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Flying fish (Exocoetidae) is a pelagic fishery commodity that holds economic value among the people of eastern Indonesia. Flying fish are advantageous as they are abundant in Indonesian sea waters, making them an affordable source of omega-3, which is beneficial for human health. However, the high demand for flying fish has resulted in overfishing, which poses a risk of reducing their natural population. Proper management of this commodity is necessary to minimize these risks. Effective management requires adequate information, including genetic diversity data. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity of flying fish in Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in the Banda Sea and Bone Bay populations. Tissue samples were collected from flying fish in the two populations during the study in March 2022. The results show that the genetic diversity values of flying fish in Bone Bay and the Banda Sea were 0.984 and 1.00, respectively, while the nucleotide diversity values were 0.021 and 0.018. High genetic diversity values and nucleotide diversity values were found between the two populations, with values of 0.990 and 0.020, respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the two populations in Southeast Sulawesi are genetically similar