O destino das unidades de produção familiares no meio rural: um estudo sobre a juventude no município de Morro Redondo - RS

A problemática da transmissão do patrimônio fundiário na Produção Agrícola Familiar apresenta grande potencialidade de conflito interno. Além disso, presencia-se, na atualidade brasileira, o êxodo rural acentuado dos jovens, a redução da taxa de natalidade e o envelhecimento da população, associado ao processo de masculinização. O presente estudo examina estas questões através de uma pesquisa realizada pelo departamento de Ciências Sociais Agrárias e o PPG em Sistemas de Produção Agrícola Familiar da UFPel, envolvendo pesquisa de campo com a realização de entrevistas semi-estruturadas para tentar retratar o conjunto de unidades familiares no município de Morro Redondo, RS. As entrevistas permitem concluir que o baixo nível de escolaridade se manifesta como um elemento que contribui na manutenção da juventude na atividade familiar

Toxicology and safety of the tincture of Operculina alata in patients with functional constipation

The tincture of Operculina alata, popularly known as "tincture of jalapa", is used in Northeast Brazil to treat constipation and encephalic vascular accident, but it has not yet been adequately tested for safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicology and safety of the tincture of O. alata in patients with functional constipation. This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The study consisted of three phases: pre-treatment, treatment and post-treatment, each phase with duration of seven days. Arterial pressure, heart rate, body weight, adverse events, hematological, metabolic, liver and kidney functions were monitored. Forty patients were randomized to receive tincture of O. alata and 43 patients to receive placebo. There were statistical differences in the clinical aspects between groups, but these changes were not considered clinically significant. Adverse events were considered not serious and of mild intensity, especially dizziness, headache, abdominal pain and nausea. This clinical trial confirmed the safety of the tincture of O. alata in the pharmaceutical form and dosage tested, allowing the product to be safely used in a larger population for the assessment of its clinical efficacy.A tintura de Operculina alata, popularmente conhecida como "tintura de jalapa", é usada no Nordeste do Brasil para tratar constipação intestinal e acidente vascular encefálico, mas sua eficácia e segurança ainda não foram confirmadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a toxicologia e segurança da tintura de O. alata em pacientes com constipação intestinal funcional. Este foi um ensaio clínico duplo-cego, randomizado e controlado por placebo. O estudo consistiu de três fases: pré-tratamento, tratamento e pós-tratamento, cada fase com duração de sete dias. Foram monitorizados a pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, peso corporal, eventos adversos e funções hematológica, metabólica, hepática e renal. Quarenta pacientes foram randomizados para receber tintura de O. alata e 43 pacientes para receber placebo. Houve diferenças estatísticas nos aspectos clínicos entre os grupos, contudo, estas mudanças não foram consideradas clinicamente significativas. Eventos adversos foram considerados não sérios e de leve intensidade, especialmente, cefaléia, tontura, dor abdominal e náusea. Este ensaio clínico confirmou a segurança da tintura de O. alata na forma farmacêutica e dosagem testada, permitindo que o produto seja testado em população maior para determinar sua eficácia clínica

Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among professors of the State School in Niterói, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre os professores da Escola Estadual em Niterói, Brasil. É um estudo quantitativo e descritivo, com informações de uma pesquisa realizada com professores. O questionário utilizado consistiu em questões fechadas que abordavam as características sociodemográficas e as características de trabalho dos sujeitos da pesquisa e o Inventário Maslach Burnout. A suspeita de prevalência de síndrome de burnout de acordo com os critérios de Grunfeld foi de 33 casos (63,5%). A prevalência significativa desta síndrome entre os professores gera alerta sobre as condições de trabalho e a saúde mental desses profissionais. Conclui-se que, a partir dos dados analisados, observou-se que a profissão não possui intervenções para melhorar a qualidade de vida dos professores em seus trabalhos.El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout entre los profesores de la Escuela Estatal en Niterói, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, con información de una encuesta realizada con maestros. El cuestionario utilizado constó de preguntas cerradas que abordaron las características sociodemográficas y las características del trabajo de los sujetos de investigación y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. La sospecha de prevalencia de síndrome de burnout según criterio de Grunfeld fue de 33 casos (63.5%). La prevalencia significativa de este síndrome entre los maestros genera alerta sobre las condiciones de trabajo y de la salud mental de estos profesionales. Se concluye que, a partir de los datos analizados, se observó que la profesión carece de intervenciones para mejorar la calidad de vida de los docentes en su trabajoThe objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among the professors of the State School in Niterói, Brazil. It is a quantitative, descriptive study, with information from a survey conducted with teachers. The questionnaire used consisted of closed questions that addressed the sociodemographic characteristics and work characteristics of the research subjects and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Suspected prevalence of burnout syndrome according to Grunfeld's criteria was 33 cases (63.5%). The significant prevalence of this syndrome among teachers generates alert about working conditions and the mental health of these professionals. It is concluded that, from the data analyzed, it was observed that the profession lacks interventions to improve the quality of life of teachers in their work

Uma coleção de história em um museu de ciências naturais: o Museu Paulista de Hermann von Ihering

Instalado em um edifício-Monumento, data de 1895 a inauguração do Museu Paulista. Seu primeiro diretor, o zoólogo Hermann Von Ihering (1895-1916), teve a tarefa de organizar suas vastas coleções, as quais possuíam objetos de diversos ramos do conhecimento, entre eles, a História. Este artigo tem a intenção de entender a dimensão, dinâmica e concepção desta coleção de História, que recebeu pouca atenção da Historiografia relativa ao tema.The Museu Paulista, installed in a landmark building, was inaugurated in 1895. Its first director, the zoologist Herman von Ihering (1895-1916) undertook the assignment of organizing its extensive collections, which comprehended objects pertaining to varied fields of knowledge, including that of History. The present article aims at understanding the dimension, the dynamics and the conception of this historical collection. Until now little attention has been bestowed upon this subject matter by the specialized historiography

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension