Perspectives of Middle School Science Teachers and College Instructors Regarding Preservice Writing Pedagogy Preparation

The local problem explored in this study was the barriers and challenges facing middle school teachers in integrating and assessing writing in a science classroom. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of college instructors and middle school science teachers regarding how teacher education programs provide the pedagogical skills necessary to integrate and assess writing within the classroom. Grounded in the Shulman’s pedagogical content knowledge framework, research questions were designed to ask college instructors to describe how they prepare their students to integrate and assess writing as well as how the teachers described how their teacher preparation program provided course experiences needed to integrate and assess writing in the science classroom. Using a basic qualitative design, data were collected from 13 teachers and five college instructors via semistructured interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns and report themes. The final themes were minimal writing pedagogy skills acquired during teacher education program, collaborative and dynamic learning experiences about writing pedagogical writing skills are acquired after college and during teacher professional development, teacher education programs are designed to provide foundational learning not writing pedagogical skills, discussion on writing pedagogical skills is inconsistent and marginal in the teacher education program, and understanding the assessment process is integral in a teacher education program. The results of this study may have a positive impact on social change by bridging the gap between college instructors and middle school teachers’ perspective on how well teacher education programs prepare teachers to integrate and assess writing in the classroom

Inside the Black Box: Investigating Philanthropic Foundation Strategies in a Dynamic Environment

Foundations have been described as black boxes — implying that we know very little about what happens between inputs and outputs. We do know that they operate in dynamic environments and must adopt strategies to be effective in the face of change. This article, which examines the strategies of 29 foundations operating in one southeastern state, provides fresh insights into how foundations fulfill their missions. The article is based on a research study that used semistructured interviews to explore how foundations approached grantmaking. Interviewees discussed the multiple and simultaneous roles played by grantmakers in addition to their traditional check-writing function. While much of how a foundation applies its resources to its mission is still hidden from public view, strategic approaches make this application more transparent and predictable. Further, understanding the motivations and adaptations of these strategies helps explain the collective work of the sector

Seasonal habitat usage of Iowa wood turtles (\u3ci\u3eGlyptemys insculpta\u3c/i\u3e)

Iowa wood turtles (Glyptemys insculpta) were tracked using radio telemetry to compare juvenile, male, and female habitat usage during specific seasonal activity periods. Field data collected included: time, geographic location, habitat type, surrounding vegetation type and abundance, ambient weather conditions, turtle body temperature and mass, water depth (when aquatic), distance from water, behavior category, and amount of exposure to UV light. While active in 2017 – 2019, the wood turtle population at three Iowa sites was 53% terrestrial and 47% aquatic, with the most frequent respective habitats being emergent clearings (grasses, forbs, saplings) and lotic (river, stream, creek). Females were more terrestrial during the active seasons (44% aquatic), but males were more aquatic (54%). In the Prenesting period, both were mostly aquatic, but males were more so than females (59% versus 52%). Both sexes were overwhelmingly terrestrial during the Nesting period (males: 87%, females: 74%). During the Postnesting period, both largely selected terrestrial habitats, though females did so more than males (75% versus 58%). During the Prehibernation period, both were mostly aquatic (males: 78%, females: 81%). Overall, juveniles were more aquatic than terrestrial (52% aquatic), resembling the behavior of males. In congruence with other wood turtle populations, Iowa wood turtle habitat selection patterns included seasonal and sex-related trends in proximity to water and the usage of specific habitats during active periods (likely associated with shifting thermoregulatory behaviors). Distance from water and terrestrial habitat usage increased during the summer months for both males and females, as ambient temperatures rise, and decrease throughout autumn. Females venture significantly further inland than males during every active period. Due to the stability of water temperatures relative to cool nighttime air temperatures during Prenesting and Prehibernation, the turtles selected aquatic habitats more frequently, and they remained in riparian areas when terrestrial, which have opportune sites for basking while facilitating stream access. Females have a greater affinity than males do for open-canopy habitats during Prenesting. This trend is not only possibly related to egg production, but also to male behavior, which involves males using the river to search for mates, socialize and establish dominance. Any differences in overwintering locations do not seem to be sex related. Lastly, further studies should be conducted with larger samples of juveniles

Living Here, yet Being There: Facebook as a Transnational Space for Newcomer Latina/o Adolescents

Under the category of diaspora media studies, the present case study investigates the social networking use of four newcomer adolescent English Learners in a U.S. high school. Demonstrating their transnational skills, the students use the social networking site of Facebook prolifically outside of school in order to connect to their home countries, maintain their Latina/o identities, and acquire English. Findings from analyzing the students\u27 Facebook pages, interviews, and in-school observations illustrate that they are transnational, multicultural, emergent bilinguals who engage in sophisticated multimodal ways of communication outside of school, challenging their at-risk label in their high school. Immigrant students\u27 transnational skills that are being nurtured through technology should be leveraged for academic learning such as acquiring English in the classroom and learning through global perspectives. Furthermore, language pedagogy and policy must change in response to transnationalism and new technologies in order to provide English Learners an equitable education

Genetic analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Strain identification via microsatellites and analysis of expressed sequence tags in intestine, liver, kidney, and ovary

Implementation of modern fishing techniques and hatchery technologies necessitates use of genetics in management of fishery stocks. Genetic analysis of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, will assist development of superior strains of a valuable aquacultured species. This study was to (1) develop polymorphic microsatellite markers to examine for variation among rainbow trout strains and develop an identification panel of microsatellites to distinguish individual strains, and (2) to identify novel genes and estimate relative gene expression profiles (expressed sequence tags from rainbow trout liver, intestine, kidney, and ovary non-normalized libraries). Thirty-seven microsatellites were identified by screening 576 clones from TAGA and ATG-repeat enriched libraries. Allele frequencies were used to determine number of alleles per locus, percentage of variable loci, and mean heterozygosity, and calculation of F-statistics using GenePop and Bisosys software. Further analysis of ten individuals of ten strains with 13 markers was produced unique genotypes. Observed heterozygosity over all loci was less than the expected Hardy-Weinberg values. Mean FIS values were high in Wytheville and Ennis strains, suggestive of inbreeding. Between-strain heterogeneity tests were significant (p\u3c0.001) for all pair-wise comparisons of strains, thus each strain is considered unique. Allele frequencies allowed correct assignment of 92% of individuals to strain of origin. Analysis of expressed sequence tags identified 90, 8, 19, 47 previously unknown genes in intestine, liver, kidney, and ovary, respectively. Overall, Wytheville trout appear to be least diverse. Many genes were in more than one tissue, suggesting potential use as positive-controls in PCR-based studies in these tissues

Connections between River Runoff and Limnological Conditions in Adjacent High Arctic Lakes: Cape Bounty, Melville Island, Nunavut

Hydrological and hydrochemical monitoring of paired watersheds in the High Arctic was conducted in 2003–04 to investigate the influence of seasonal runoff on lake water chemistry and productivity. Despite similar limnological conditions overall between the two lakes, marked differences in aquatic productivity were attributed to watershed and basin morphology and the resultant influences on lake ice deterioration and growing season length. A switch from allochthonous to autochthonous sources of carbon late in the season reflected the simultaneous decline in river runoff and increase in aquatic productivity as the growing season progressed. However, low air temperatures and protracted snowmelt and ponding in the deeply incised channel of one river in 2003 led to greater solute accumulation in runoff that was discernable in hydrochemical profiles of that lake, even though runoff was greater in 2004. Notwithstanding, calculated nutrient fluxes were greater during the higher-flow year (2004), but mixing was impeded by underflow conditions in the lakes. Despite these differences, connections between river and lake water chemistry appeared weak even with marked seasonal changes in the volume of runoff. Our results highlight the interconnection between site-specific features and hydroclimatic factors like snowmelt and lake ice conditions in influencing limnological conditions and suggest that similar systems may respond differently to the same hydroclimatic conditions.La surveillance hydrologique et hydrochimique de bassins versants jumelés de l’Extrême-Arctique a été effectuée en 2003 et 2004 dans le but de mieux connaître l’influence du ruissellement saisonnier sur la chimie et la productivité des eaux lacustres. Malgré des conditions limnologiques généralement similaires entre les deux lacs, les différences marquées en matière de productivité aquatique étaient attribuables à la morphologie du bassin versant et du bassin de réception de même qu’aux influences résultantes sur la détérioration de la glace lacustre et la longueur de la saison qui se prolonge sans cesse. La commutation de sources de carbone allochtones à des sources de carbone autochtones vers la fin de la saison reflète le déclin simultané du ruissellement des rivières et l’augmentation de la productivité aquatique au fur et à mesure que la saison de croissance avançait. Toutefois, les basses températures de l’air ainsi que la fonte des neiges prolongée et l’engorgement dans l’un des chenaux profondément incisé d’une rivière en 2003 se sont traduits par une plus grande accumulation de soluté dans le ruissellement que ce que l’on pouvait discerner dans les profils hydrochimiques de ce lac et ce, même si le ruissellement était plus important en 2004. Néanmoins, les flux de nutriments calculés étaient plus élevés au cours de l’année ayant enregistré un plus grand débit (2004), mais le mélange était gêné par les conditions caractérisant le courant de fond des lacs. Malgré ces différences, les connexions entre la chimie de l’eau des rivières et des lacs semblait faible même en présence de changements saisonniers marqués sur le plan du volume du ruissellement. Nos résultats mettent en évidence l’interconnexion qui existe entre les caractéristiques spécifiques aux emplacements et les facteurs hydroclimatiques comme la fonte des neiges et les conditions de la glace lacustre pour influencer les conditions limnologiques, et laissent entendre que des systèmes semblables peuvent réagir différemment aux mêmes conditions hydroclimatiques

Should I stay or should I go? Investigating nonprofit sector commitment among nonprofit education alumni

Graduates of nonprofit education programs have seemingly opted in to the nonprofit sector by means of their field of education, but prior research on worker sorting depicts a complex rationale for sector selection. This research study uses a sample of 153 alumni of nonprofit education programs to sort among factors influencing sector commitment. Given that these alumni have seemingly indicated a sector commitment by way of their education field, this analysis investigates factors that may disrupt sector commitment, and finds that individuals who view their work as a calling or have a nonprofit identity were associated with a commitment to working in the nonprofit sector. This study adds to the growing body of sectoral differences literature and helps inform human resource management and leadership about employee characteristics that should be prioritized for development and promotion

The Agony of Da Feet: Reexamining the Foundation to Fitness

Educational Objectives 1. Explain the role of podiatry in helping older adults maintain wellbeing. 2. Provide an overview of common foot and ankle conditions that older adults should be concerned about. 3. Discuss newer services and techniques provided by podiatrists. 4. Review several cases in which podiatry supported patients’ health through early interventions

A Pedagogy of Care for Adolescent English Learners: A Formative Experiment

In the case of educators of adolescents in the dynamic process of English acquisition, it is our goal to increase the fulfillment and success of the students we are privileged to serve through nurturing their academic, emotional, personal, social, and civic development. It is, therefore, essential that educators understand the implementation and impact of teaching through a framework of care

Stock assessment of Australian pearl perch (Glaucosoma scapulare) with data to December 2019

Pearl perch, Glaucosoma scapulare, are endemic to sub-tropical offshore-waters along the east coast of Australia. Pearl perch form a single genetic stock in ocean waters between Rockhampton (23.20◦ S) in Queensland and Port Jackson (33.5◦ S) in New South Wales. The species live at least 25 years and have a maximum observed size of 75 cm total length. Sexual maturity is reached at 2–4 years of age (between 25 and 45 cm total length). This assessment builds on a previous assessment that estimated the stock was at 10–40% of unfished levels in 2014. This stock assessment includes updates to input data and methodology. This assessment used a single-sex, age-structured population model, fit to age and length data, constructed within the Stock Synthesis modelling framework. The assessment modelled the dynamics of the fishery across seven fishing sectors: 1) Queensland (Qld) charter line, 2) Qld commercial line, 3) Qld recreational, 4) New South Wales (NSW) charter line, 5) NSW commercial trap fishing, 6) NSW commercial line, and 7) NSW recreational. Sixteen scenarios were run, covering a range of modelling assumptions. Base case (Project Team recommended) results estimated spawning biomass to be 22% (14–46% range across scenarios) of unfished spawning biomass at the beginning of 2020