The Influence of Future Time Perspective on Registered Nurses’ Behaviors toward Delegation, and Thriving at Work

Context: Nurses with a high future time perspective are talented at setting a goal in the distant future and make every effort to achieve it through developing their plan and priorities tasks.Aim: The study aimed to identify how future time perspectives (FTP) influence registered nurses’ behaviors toward delegation and their thriving at work. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. The study was conducted at Basyoun Central Hospital, affiliated to the ministry of health and population at El-Gharbia Governorate, on all available (N=108) registered nurses who had bachelor's degrees or higher nursing qualifications. Three tools were used to collect data: Future time perspectives assessment questionnaire, delegation behaviors assessment questionnaire, and thriving at work assessment scale. Results: Results revealed that 45.4%, and 49.1% of registered nurses had a high level of future time perspectives and highly used the inspector style of delegation, respectively. In total more than half of nurses had a high level of thriving at work. There was a significant positive correlation between future time perspectives and inspector style of delegation and their thriving at work.Conclusion: Results found that future time perspectives had a vital role in registered nurses' delegation behavior and their thriving at work. Health care organizations have to attract nursing staff with strong FTP and develop training programs for nursing staff to have a more future-oriented viewpoint

Toxic Leadership: Conflict Management Style and Organizational Commitment among Intensive Care Nursing Staff

Context: Toxic leadership becomes a real problem in nursing administration. Its toxicity harms the nursing staff's progress and creates a challenging work environment full of struggles that, in turn, produce adverse outcomes on the nursing staff's commitment toward the organization.Aim: This study envisioned to compare toxic leadership among intensive care nursing staff at Tanta University Hospital and El Menshawy hospital and assess its relation to their conflict management style used and organizational commitment at the two hospitals. Methods: A descriptive, comparative, via cross-sectional research design was applied. All intensive care units at Tanta University Hospitals and El-Menshawy General Hospital were included. All available nurses (n=544) at Tanta University hospitals' ICUs (n=301) and El-Menshawy hospital's ICUs (n=243) were incorporated. Toxic leadership, conflict management styles assessment, and organizational commitment scales were utilized to achieve this study's aim. Results: The nursing staff perceived that their leaders had high 10.6%, 11.5%, and moderate 12%, 11.9% overall toxic leadership levels at Tanta University Hospitals, and Elmenshawy Hospital, respectively. 43.9% of the nursing staff had a high level of using compromising style to manage conflict with their supervisors at Tanta University hospitals contrasted to 36.6% using competing style at El Menshawy hospital. 78.4% of the nursing staff had a low level of overall organizational commitment at Tanta University hospital's ICUs compared to 63% at El-Menshawy General hospital's ICUs. Conclusion: Toxic leadership affected the nursing staff's choice of conflict management style used when handling conflict with toxic leaders at two hospitals and had a negative effect on affective and normative dimensions of organizational commitment in both hospitals. Therefore, improving leadership experiences is necessary by conducting a leadership development program to meet the nursing staff's expectations and improve their commitment. Also, adjusting the hospital's policies is vital to permit nursing staff involvement in leadership evaluation as a means for early detection of leaders' toxic behaviors

Spatial Design Stimuli to Promote Wellness through Buildings’ Design

Mental Health problems are remarkably increasing in the UK, where people are facing di˙erent challenges day after day, including stresses from everyday life. Out of a deep belief that architecture can play a significant role in supporting users’ wellbeing, instead of augmenting their stresses, this paper analyzes an extensive multidisciplinary literature review, of 720 sources, from three di˙erent disciplines: psychology, medicine and architecture. The analyzed literature studies the relationship between users’ wellbeing and the surrounding spatial environment. The investigation aims to identify a set of possible architectural design parameters that can a˙ect users’ psychological wellbeing. The analysis identified fifteen spatial psychologically supportive design stimuli (PSDS); each of them was subject of further procedures of in-depth analysis queries that aim to define their main characteristics, impacts on users’ psychology and wellbeing, and their influences within the design of public buildings. The study aims to benefit the development of psychologically considerate built environment design, as well as identifying potential research routes for future spatial qualitative researches

Psychologically supportive design guidelines for the wellbeing of healthcare staff: a study of primary healthcare premises in the UK

The rapid changing life pace and the increasing work challenges are ‎constantly raising the demands placed on employees. This flags the ‎importance of promoting employees’ health and wellbeing in their work ‎environments to deal with challenges that organisations currently face ‎towards building healthier workplaces that support the mental and physical ‎health of working staff.‎ National Health Service (NHS) is one of the top organisations facing increasing ‎challenges that affect staffs’ mental health and wellbeing. In addition to ‎budget shortage and financial challenges, staff may now be paying the cost of ‎an industrial design heritage, which values functionality and standardisation ‎over humanitarian philanthropic design. This is reflected in the status of ‎primary healthcare infrastructure, which is now providing mass NHS services ‎within an inefficient spatial environment and relatively poor workplace ‎quality.‎ Considering the important role that primary healthcare employees play in ‎contemporary life, and realising the challenges they face, this research ‎project develops a set of design recommendations that help with achieving a ‎psychologically supportive working environment for primary healthcare staff ‎in the UK. The research identifies fifteen psychologically supportive stimuli ‎‎[PSDS] that affect mental health and wellbeing of staff in primary healthcare ‎premises.‎ Adopting a realistic approach, this qualitative doctorate project employs ‎Evidence-Based Design, as a methodological guiding framework. The ‎research is composed of three main stages: The first phase is a primary ‎formulation of hypostatical theory, which delineates and evaluates the ‎primary potential environmental stimuli that affect users’ wellbeing, through ‎the inductive analysis of extensive multi-disciplinary literature review of three ‎main different disciplines, namely: psychology, medicine and architecture. ‎This is followed by two stages of two separate rounds of interviews. The ‎outcomes from the three stages are then contrasted for triangulation for ‎further data validation. The data validation process employs two methods: the ‎selective attention analysis and focus group (three focus groups were ‎conducted).‎ The research defines the associated stressors related to the current physical ‎work environment of primary healthcare in the UK and studies how staff ‎recognise, perceive and describe their physical working environment. The ‎research identifies fifteen PSDS: spatial layout, ergonomics, privacy, furniture, ‎safety & infection control, nature, views, light, colours, artwork, finishing ‎materials & textures, noises & sounds, shapes & patterns, natural ventilation ‎& thermal comfort, and water. The concluded stimuli are categorised under ‎two groups: functional and sensorial. Based on the analysis of the interviews, ‎these stimuli are re-defined and explained from two schematic perspectives: ‎the healing environment schemas and working environment schemas. ‎ Finally, this research argues that good healthcare services cannot be ‎managed without considering healthcare professionals’ wellness; factors such ‎as job stress and fatigue are directly related to their physical environment, ‎which may negatively affect both the staff’s physical and psychological ‎wellbeing, consequently affecting the quality of healthcare service delivery. ‎The research outcomes help decision-makers, designers, architects and ‎developers to better understand and consider the needs of primary ‎healthcare providers and guide the development of healthier primary care ‎environments to support the staff wellbeing within their workplace.

Confronting the Conundrum of Shared Space Street Design

This chapter discusses the challenges and debates related to the concept of Shared Space street design via demonstrating the case of the ongoing Masterplan development scheme of the University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) in Preston, North West England, United Kingdom. Based on hands-on experience, being involved with the project on multiple layers; in project management, working, and living in Preston City, the authors employ observational analysis methods to explore and reflect on the challenges UCLan Masterplan has faced, how it learned from the city’s most recent Shared Space development (the Fishergate Project), and they further expand on their prediction on how the project may influence the transformation of Preston’s public realm. This chapter aims to start a debate on how Shared Space tactics can lead to near-Car-Free urban zones and contribute to the enhanced people-focused urban experience

Oxidative damage and nephrotoxicity induced by prallethrin in rat and the protective effect of Origanum majorana essential oil

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of prallethrin on renal dysfunction biomarkers, antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rats and the protective effect of Origanum majorana essential oil.MethodsRats were divided into four groups of seven rats in each group: (I) received only olive oil, (II) treated with 64.0 mg/kg body weight prallethrin (1/10 LD50) in olive oil via oral route daily for 28 d, (III) treated with 64.0 mg/kg body weight prallethrin (1/10 LD50) and essential oil (160 μL/kg body weight) in olive oil and (IV) received essential oil (160 μL/kg body weight) in olive oil via oral route twice daily for 28 d.ResultsPrallethrin caused significant increase in LPO and decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reduced. Consistent histological changes were found in the kidney of prallethrin treatment. Co-administration of essential oil attenuated the prallethrin induced renal toxicity and oxidative stress by decreasing LPO in kidney, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels in serum. In addition, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione reduced level were increased in kidney in prallethrin-essential oil groups.ConclusionsWe can conclude that prallethrin induced oxidative damage and renal toxicity in male rat. The administration of essential oil provided significant protection against prallethrin-induced oxidative stress, biochemical changes and histopathological damage

Oxidative stress pattern in hepatitis C patients co-infected with schistosomiasis

This study was designed to investigate the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the disease with the measurement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-∝) and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Eighty patients from Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, were investigated. Thirty patients with bilharzial HCV and 30 patients with non-bilharzial HCV as compared to 20 healthy controls of the same age and sex ratio were investigated. The concentrations of liver enzymes [glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], bilirubin (Bil), albumin (Alb) and total protein (TP) as well as TNF-α and Mn-SOD were determined. The mean level of the different liver function tests in the three groups in the study showed that the levels of GOT, GPT and ALP were significantly higher in the HCV groups as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). While serum bilirubin, albumin and total protein were non-significantly decreased in the HCV groups as compared to the control group (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the mean level of TNF-α was significantly higher in the HCV groups as compared to the control group (p < 0.001) and SOD was significantly decreased in the HCV groups as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). There is a cause-effect relationship between increased levels of TNF-α and decreased levels of SOD, relative to progression of chronic HCV, especially with bilharzias co-infection. Supporting the view that oxidative damage plays a role in chronic HCV infection, also TNF-α establishes a positive auto regulatory loop that can amplify the inflammatory response and lead to chronic inflammation. More evidence indicates that HCV block apoptosis and prolong survival of the host cell in order to gain time for replication and increase viral progeny production.Key words: Hepatitis C virus, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, superoxide dismutase, oxidative stress, schistosomiasis

FORMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF ITRACONAZOLE PRONIOSOMES USING BOX BEHNKEN DESIGN

Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain an optimized formula of itraconazole (ITC) proniosomes using Box Behnken design.Methods: Itraconazole proniosomes were prepared using span 60 and/or brij 35 as surfactants, cholesterol and lecithin as a penetration enhancer by slurry method. Various trials have been carried out for investigation of proniosomes. Parameters such as entrapment efficiency (EE%), in vitro drug release, zeta potential, vesicle size and Transmission Electron Microscope were assessed for evaluation of proniosomes.Results: Entrapment efficiency (EE%) was found to be between 78.56% and 95.46%. The release profile of itraconazole proniosomes occurred in two distinct phases, an initial phase for about 8 h, followed by a slow phase for 16 h. The release pattern shown by these formulations was Higuchi diffusion controlled mechanism. The zeta potential values for all itraconazole proniosomes were in the range of-21.71 to-34.53 mV which confirms their stability. All itraconazoleproniosomes formula was found to be nano-sized and were appeared to be spherical in shape with sharp boundaries. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) study showed that HLB (X1) had the main effects on most responses (Y).Conclusion: Box behnken design facilitates optimization of the formulation ingredients on entrapment efficiency, in vitro release of itraconazole proniosomes, zeta potential and vesicle size. Finally, an optimum level of factors was provided by the optimization process

Applications of Datamining Techniques for Predicting the Post - Covid 19 Symptoms in Saudi Arabia, Jazan

  Background The entire world was combating COVID-19; however, a significant proportion of patients demonstrate the persistence of some COVID-19 symptoms, new symptom development, or exaggeration of pre-existing disease after a negative viral load. They are referred to as a post-COVID-19 syndrome. According to various researches, COVID-19 has a wide range of long-term effects on virtually all systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, mental, and dermatological systems. Finding the various symptoms of post-acute and chronic is critical since they might have a significant impact on the patients' everyday functioning. As a result, we aimed to distinguish the symptoms immediately after the initial phase in which the symptoms affected them for more than three weeks using data mining techniques. Methodology: Post-COVID conditions do not affect everyone the same way. They can cause various types and combinations of symptoms in different people. The purpose of this research is to analyse the complications of post covid-19 syndrome. The purpose of Data mining is for discovering the knowledge from vast amount of database. To classify the symptoms of post covid-19, data mining techniques is used. In this study, ranking method was used in preprocessing to select subset of attributes for strengthening the rate of accuracy of classifiers. The data were collected through Google form of 384 household of students from Public Health College in Jazan University. The WEKA open-source software is used for this research work under Windows7 environment. An experimental study is carried out using data mining technique such as J48 and Random Forest tree. The data records are classified as six categories such as General symptoms, Nervous symptoms, Respiratory symptoms, Heart symptoms, Digestive symptoms and normal. Result: The performances of classifiers are evaluated through the confusion matrix in terms of accuracy, time taken to build the Model and error rate. It has been concluded that Random Forest Tree gives better accuracy, minimum time taken to build the model and less error rate than the J48 classifier

Synthesis of quinone-based heterocycles of broad-spectrum anticancer activity

A synthesis of benzo[e][1,2,4]triazines and 1,2,4-triazolospiro[4,5]deca-2,6,9-trien-8-ones has been developed from reactions of amidrazones with 2-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone in EtOAc containing 0.5 mL of piperidine. This highly regioselective and one-pot process provided rapid access to 1,2,4-triazolospiro[4,5]deca-2,6,9-trien-8-ones (60%-70%) and benzo[e][1,2,4]triazines (11%-18%). On reacting amidrazones with 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in an EtOAc/piperidine mixture, the reaction proceeded to give 5-hydroxy-2-(piperidin-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione. The structures of the isolated products were proved by infrared, NMR (2D-NMR), mass spectra, and elemental analyses in addition to X-ray structure analysis. The reaction mechanisms are discussed. The anticancer screening of selected compounds showed broad-spectrum anticancer activity against most melanoma cancer cell lines, ovarian cancer OVCAR-3, central nervous system cancer SF-295 and U251, non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H23, renal cancer SN12C, and colon cancer HCT-15 and HCT-116. The selected compounds exhibited moderate to weak anticancer activity to other cell lines.Peer reviewe