Seroprevalencia de hepatitis virales en pacientes programados para artroplastia de sustitución de cadera y rodilla

Se estudiaron 102 pacientes consecutivos propuestos para artoplastia de sustitución de cadera o rodilla entre julio de 1998 y mayo de 2000 para conocer la prevalencia de marcadores serológicos de los virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) y C (VHC), y su asociación con factores de riesgo o predictivos prequirúrgicos. La edad media fue de 70±6 años, con predominio femenino. La prevalencia de antígeno de superficie del VHB fue de 1,96%, la de anticuerpo anti-core del mismo virus fue del 26,47%, y no se observó ningún marcador positivo frente al VHC. Ningún factor de riesgo o predictivo estudiado presentó diferencias significativas según la positividad de los marcadores, excepto la hepatopatía previa. La cohorte de pacientes estudiados, representativa de los pacientes programados para esta cirugía en nuestro medio, no presenta un mayor riesgo de transmisión de hepatitis vírica, aunque sí mayor contacto con el VHB que otras poblaciones de menor edad.One hundred and two consecutive patients scheduled for hip or knee arthroplasty were studied from July 1998 to May 2000, to detect the prevalence of serologic markets of B (HBV) and C (HCV) hepatitis viruses, and its preoperative association with rink or predictive factors. Mean age was 70±6 years, and women predominated. Prevalence of HBV surface antigen was 1,96%, that of HBV anti-core antibody was 26,47%, and no positive markers were observed against HCV. None of variables evaluated as risk or predictive factors showed significant association with presence of serum markers, except previous liver disease. The studied group of patients, representative of the scheduled patients for total hip or knee arthroplasty in our area, does not suggest a higher risk of viral hepatitis transmission. However, a higher number of contacts with HBV than in younger populations have been observed in this group

User preferences related to multimedia elements of a mobile application to prevent diabetes

To understand user preferences related to the characteristics of an application that promotes and provides education on healthy habits to correctly design multimedia elements. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive qualitative study with a hermeneutical strategy, which gathered information using well-researched questions that were posed to focus groups consisting of 32 participants. These participants were asked for opinions related to multimedia elements to display educational messages about physical activity and healthy eating in a mobile application. There were three analysis categories of multimedia elements: text, visual elements, and audio elements. Results: The majority of the participants, 93.75%, were in the low socioeconomic stratum; 68.75% are in a civil union with their partner; 53.12% completed or failed to complete secondary school, and 68.75% were housewives. Based on the qualitative results, we found that mobile applications become mediating tools that support the adoption of actions that tend to improve lifestyles and increase knowledge about proper nutrition and physical activity. Text messages used in mobile applications should promote healthy habits and remind users of their benefits. Images and videos should be accompanied by text and audio to provide greater clarity regarding recommendations of healthy habits. Conclusions: Technology must provide accessibility and coverage opportunities, while meeting the needs and expectations of users. It should facilitate primary health intervention through education to transform unhealthy behaviors and generate lifestyles that improve the health of the user and their family context

Volteando la tortilla. Género y maíz en la alimentación actual de México.

Ante escenarios complejos, patriarcales y desoladores que dejan ver el neoliberalismo, la globalización agroalimentaria, el calentamiento global y las contaminaciones de granos nativos por la imposición de transgénicos, nos cuestionamos si existen algunas alternativas para preservar el maíz nativo como un recurso multiestratégico (alimentario, económico, cultural, ecológico y tecnológico) tomando en cuenta las condiciones actuales de desigualdades sociales de género, etnia, clases y edad que predominan en el campo mexicano. Para responder a algunos cuestionamientos, este libro presenta algunas alternativas a través de diversas experiencias femeninas y de relaciones de género en torno al maíz y la alimentación. Todas ellas muestran que es posible construir una masa crítica para salvaguardar el maíz nativo bajo esas condiciones desoladoras, pero siempre y cuando se “voltee la tortilla”, metáfora que da pie al inicio de otra realidad humanizada y en sincronía con la naturaleza.Proyecto realizado con financiamiento Conacy

Anti-CCR7 therapy exerts a potent anti-tumor activity in a xenograft model of human mantle cell lymphoma

[Background]: The chemokine receptor CCR7 mediates lymphoid dissemination of many cancers, including lymphomas and epithelial carcinomas, thus representing an attractive therapeutic target. Previous results have highlighted the potential of the anti-CCR7 monoclonal antibodies to inhibit migration in transwell assays. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of an anti-CCR7 antibody in a xenografted human mantle cell lymphoma model. [Methods]: NOD/SCID mice were either subcutaneously or intravenously inoculated with Granta-519 cells, a human cell line derived from a leukemic mantle cell lymphoma. The anti-CCR7 mAb treatment (3 × 200 μg) was started on day 2 or 7 to target lymphoma cells in either a peri-implantation or a post-implantation stage, respectively. [Results]: The anti-CCR7 therapy significantly delayed the tumor appearance and also reduced the volumes of tumors in the subcutaneous model. Moreover, an increased number of apoptotic tumor cells was detected in mice treated with the anti-CCR7 mAb compared to the untreated animals. In addition, significantly reduced number of Granta-519 cells migrated from subcutaneous tumors to distant lymphoid organs, such as bone marrow and spleen in the anti-CCR7 treated mice. In the intravenous models, the anti-CCR7 mAb drastically increased survival of the mice. Accordingly, dissemination and infiltration of tumor cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, including lungs and central nervous system, was almost abrogated. [Conclusions]: The anti-CCR7 mAb exerts a potent anti-tumor activity and might represent an interesting therapeutic alternative to conventional therapies.BSC is supported by the Fundación Leucemia Linfoma and Fundación Vistare. Grants from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias to CMC (PI09/01336 and PI12/00494), JMZ (PI12/01135) and EFR (PI11/00128) and from IMMED to CMC supported this work.Peer Reviewe

Open Access

Anti-CCR7 therapy exerts a potent anti-tumor activity in a xenograft model of human mantle cell lymphom

Analysis of migratory and prosurvival pathways induced by the homeostatic chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

El pdf del artículo es la versión pre-print.[Objective]: The CCR7 chemokine receptor has been reported to promote homing of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells into lymph nodes and support their survival, but the mechanisms mediating these effects are largely unknown. We investigated the role of different signaling pathways triggered by CCR7 engagement by its ligands, the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21, in the control of CLL migration and survival. [Materials and Methods]: Chemotaxis and apoptosis assays were performed in the presence of pharmacologic inhibitors and genetic mutants of the phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K), Rho guanosine triphosphatase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades to assess the role of these pathways on primary CLL migration and survival in response to CCR7 activation. Kinase activation was determined by immunoblotting and pull-down experiments. [Results]: CLL chemotactic activity induced by CCL19 or CCL21 was markedly reduced by inhibitors of PI3K and the Rho effector molecule Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinases (ROCK), and also by the expression of dominant negative forms of PI3K and RhoA, whereas constitutively activated PI3K and RhoA mutants strongly promoted CLL migration. In contrast, MAPKs were not significantly involved in CLL migration to CCL19/CCL21. Conversely, extracellular signal-regulated kinase and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, along with PI3K, had a role in CCR7-mediated CLL cell survival. Biochemical experiments confirmed that CCL19/21 induced PI3K-dependent phosphorylation of Akt/protein kinase B, activation of the Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinases/myosin light chain pathway and MAPKs phosphorylation. [Conclusions]: The role of PI3K, Rho guanosine triphosphatases, and MAPKs in CCR7-mediated CLL cells migration and survival suggests that these signal transduction pathways could represent promising targets for CLL therapy. © 2010 ISEH - Society for Hematology and Stem Cells.Funding was from Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (PETRI2005_0908), IMMUNONET (SUDOE1/P1/E014) and Immunological and Medicinal Products Inc. (Madrid, Spain) (064700) to C.M-C, and FIS (PI080170) to JMZ. S.L-G. was supported by the Fundación de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital de La Princesa (Madrid, Spain). M.A-P. was supported by the Fundación LAIR (Madrid, Spain).Peer Reviewe