A Revision Of Scientific Research İn Jordanian Higher Education Institutions: A Follow-Up Assessment

This study aimed at identifying the status and obstacles of scientific research in Jordanian higher education institutions as perceived by vice presidents, deans and vice deans of the scientific research departments. In addition to differences in status and obstacles, pursuant to the study variable, this is the institution type.The sample composed of (139) faculty members and all 27 vice presidents, deans and vice deans of the scientific research departments at all 27 Jordanian universities.Having reviewed all interviews and some literature, the researcher prepared a questionnaire, which was tested for validity and reliability of the questionnaire, and used five-likert scale to measure the status and the obstacles of the scientific research in higher education in Jordan. The study showed the following findings; The scientific research status mean was 2.19 and that was low result, also the themes have almost the same results where the research planning got the highest among the themes and the research support the lowest. The scientific research obstacles mean was 2.87 and that was low result, also the themes have almost the same results while doing research for academic promotion got the highest among the themes and doing research for developing human knowledge and enjoyment the lowest. In the light of these results, the study provides a number of recommendations that could reduce the obstacles for funding of scientific research in higher education

The role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting

Aim: To understand the role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting. Methods: This qualitative PhD thesis is comprised of two studies; focus group discussions with nurses and interviews with patients. In the first study, focus group discussions (n = 7) were completed with nurses from Jordan and the UK (n=36) to explore nurses’ views and experiences with patient involvement in hand hygiene. Data from nurses were analysed using thematic analysis. In the second study, semi-structured telephone interviews were completed with patients from Jordan (n = 21) to understand their experiences of asking nurses to wash their hands. Data from patients were analysed by critical incident analysis resulting in the identification and analysis of 116 critical incidents. Results: The analysis of the focus group and critical incident discussions resulted in four overarching themes. Although both nurses and patients acknowledged the patients’ right to ask, both groups reported concerns that asking about hand hygiene could have an adverse impact on the nurse-patient relationship. Patients reported that the promotion of hand hygiene was not only offensive and upsetting for nurses, but also embarrassing for patients. Patients reported negative reactions from nurses when promoting handwashing, and these encounters became stressful and confrontational though both groups indicated that this could be mediated if the patient asked in the ‘right way’. It is not clear what the ‘right way’ might be. Discussion: Patients are likely to encounter confrontation if they prompt hand hygiene unless they do so in the ‘right way’. Patients seem to be discouraged from taking an active role in their care and this needs to be considered when planning patient involvement strategies. Conclusion: Findings from this study show that patients are expected to be passive, grateful and remain silent when observing noncompliance to hand hygiene practices among nurses. It could be that hospitals have not predicated the negative encounters or else they would not encourage patients to remind nurses to wash their hands. Therefore, more work needs to be done to ensure that patients can speak out and raise concerns without fearing the negative consequences when asking nurses to wash their hands. Nurses suggested a need for a new hospital culture of patient involvement in ensuring patient safety through the promotion of hand hygiene compliance

The use of focus group data from countries with linguistic differences: A discussion of methodological and pragmatic issues

Background: Focus group discussions for data collection in nursing research has increased. Data from focus groups provides rich in-depth understanding of a phenomenon, which can inform clinical practice. Guidance on facilitating focus groups has been developed, however there is a lack of guidance on techniques of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences. Aim: To explore contemporary examples of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences and provide an in-depth example of the decision making process from one study with focus group data from two countries. Methods: A discussion paper to guide recommendations for focus group data analysis from countries with linguistic differences. Discussion: The experience from undertaking focus groups across two countries and contemporary nursing research has highlighted the need for a clear rationale and transparency in the reporting of translating, analysing and presentation of data. Detailed and transparent reporting needs to include not only the translation process, but when this occurred, either pre or post analysis, and when or if the data was amalgamated. Implications for research/practice: There is a clear need for evidence-based guidance on the reporting of translation, transcription and analysis of focus group data from countries with linguistic difficulties

Use of focus group data from countries with linguistic differences: translation, analysis and presentation

Background: Focus group discussions for data collection in nursing research has increased. Data from focus groups provides rich in-depth understanding of a phenomenon, which can inform clinical practice. Guidance on facilitating focus groups has been developed, however there is a lack of guidance on techniques of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences Aim: To explore contemporary examples of translating, analysing and presenting focus group data from countries with linguistic differences and provide an in-depth example of the decision making process from one study with focus group data from two countries. Methods: A discussion paper to guide recommendations for focus group data analysis from countries with linguistic differences. Discussion: The experience from undertaking focus groups across two countries and contemporary nursing research has highlighted the need for a clear rationale and transparency in the reporting of translating, analysing and presentation of data. Detailed and transparent reporting needs to include not only the translation process, but when this occurred, either pre or post analysis, and when or if the data was amalgamated. Implications for research/practice: There is a clear need for evidence-based guidance on the reporting of translation, transcription and analysis of focus group data from countries with linguistic difficulties

The Medico-Legal Aspects of Non-Traumatic Subdural Haemorrhage

In this case study, we describe a case of a subdural haemorrhage in an acutely severe asthmatic patient in a suspicious circumstance. A woman in her early 40s came to the emergency department with an acute asthmatic exacerbation. The autopsy showed subdural hemorrhage in the parieto-temporal area and slightly congested, overinflated lungs with mucus plugs and a thickened bronchiolar wall. This case report emphasizes the medicolegal aspect of the presence of subdural haemorrhage in an asthmatic patient who died in a suspicious circumstance

COVID-19 reinforces the importance of handwashing.

At the time writing this editorial, COVID‐19 has spread around the world with virtually no region left untouched. The speed of the spread and the alarming death rates have seen many countries and jurisdictions introduce measures to prevent the spread of COVID‐19, and hand washing features very strongly in all of these. Hand washing has received considerable attention during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It is a simple, primary preventive measure that most people can do independently

The role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in hospital settings: A qualitative study of nurses’ and patients’ experiences

Background: To date, there is a wealth of evidence that patients have been invited to take an active role in prompting handwashing of hospital staff, but there is insufficient evidence on what happens in practice and whether this is acceptable to both staff and patients. Objective: To understand the role of patient involvement in the promotion of hand hygiene among nurses in the hospital setting. Methods: This qualitative interpretive study comprised of focus group discussions conducted with nurses (n = 36) and interviews with patients (n = 21). Data from nurses were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Data from patients were analysed by critical incident analysis. Results: Experiences from nurses and patients can be summarised into 4 themes (1) both nurses and patients acknowledged the patients’ right to ask, (2) both groups reported concerns that asking about hand hygiene could have an adverse impact on the nurse-patient relationship, (3) patients reported negative reactions from nurses when promoting handwashing, and (4) patients reported that the promotion of hand hygiene was not only offensive and upsetting for nurses, but also embarrassing for patients. Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest that patients are expected to adopt a passive role in infection control and remain silent when observing non-compliance to hand hygiene within the hospital setting, to avoid being embarrassed, offensive and upsetting to nurses