O uso dos operadores como estratégia de busca em revisões de literatura científica

Introduction: In view of the exponential increase in the production of scientific knowledge and the notorious need to employ an objective selection, capable of filtering studies that hold the categories of analysis used in scientific research, it appears that the use of different resources of search contribute to the effectiveness of the research carried out. Objective: To present the main Boolean operators and the search terms, exposing how they can be used by researchers, aiming at the quality of scientific production. Material and Method: For this purpose, a bibliographic review was carried out. Literature Review: It is highlighted that: the Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT or AND NOT, are connectors used to combine the search terms of interest; truncation uses special characters, especially the asterisk (*), the dollar sign ($) and the question mark, whose use varies according to the search platform; and the search keywords help in finding materials consistent with the themes investigated insofar as they are constituted from a specific and standardized vocabulary within the scientific environment. Final Considerations: It is suggested that new studies be carried out, where different review methodologies are employed, aiming at expanding the questions.Introdução: À face do exponencial aumento na produção de conhecimentos científicos e da notória necessidade de empregar-se uma seleção objetiva, capaz de filtrar os estudos que detenham as categorias de análise utilizadas na investigação científica, depreende-se que os empregos de diferentes recursos de busca contribuem para a eficácia das pesquisas realizadas. Objetivo: Apresentar os principais operadores booleanos e os unitermos de busca, expondo como eles podem ser utilizados pelos pesquisadores, visando a qualidade da produção científica. Material e Método: Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica. Revisão de Literatura: Destaca-se que: os operadores booleanos AND, OR e NOT ou AND NOT, são conectores utilizados para combinar os termos de interesse da pesquisa; no truncamento utiliza-se de caracteres especiais, sobretudo o asterisco (*), o cifrão ($) e o ponto de interrogação, cujo uso variam de acordo com a plataforma de pesquisa; e os unitermos de busca auxiliam no encontro de materiais condizentes com as temáticas investigadas na medida em constituem-se a partir de um vocabulário próprio e padronizado dentro do meio científico. Considerações Finais: Sugere-se a realização de novos estudos, onde diferentes metodologias de revisão sejam empregadas, visando a ampliação das questões apresentadas

Diagnóstico de EVALI por uso de cigarros eletrônicos associado à pneumonia: relato de caso

O uso de cigarros eletrônicos tem aumentado consideravelmente, principalmente, entre os jovens. A Associação Médica Brasileira (AMB) alerta para os riscos como doenças respiratórias, além de um novo diagnóstico denominado e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated injury (EVALI). Os sintomas de EVALI incluem tosse, dor torácica e dispneia. A metodologia relata o caso de uma paciente, 19 anos, sexo feminino e sem doenças prévias. Paciente é, inicialmente, diagnosticada com gripe, mas após a persistência dos sintomas e piora no quadro, foi realizada internação e solicitado exame laboratorial (hemograma) e TC de tórax. Após análise dos exames, foi considerado diagnóstico de pneumonia, observando-se na TC cavitação pulmonar com paredes levemente espessadas no lobo inferior esquerdo e opacidade em vidro fosco. Após administração de predinilosona 20 mg, 4 x ao dia, paciente reage com melhora ao medicamento. Nova TC de tórax foi realizada para fins de comparativos de evolução, sendo observados melhora na opacidade de vidro fosco no lobo inferior esquerdo. Por fim, paciente relata uso de cigarro eletrônico por 6 meses, evidenciando diagnóstico de EVALI

Papel da Laparoscopia na Ressecção Minimamente Invasiva de Tumores Colorretais

Introduction: Colorectal tumors refer to abnormal cell growths that develop in the colon or rectum. Thus, laparoscopy has become a surgical approach in the treatment of colorectal tumors, considered minimally invasive, as its benefits include rapid recovery, lower risk of complications and preservation of post-surgical quality of life. Objective: To analyze and elucidate the role of laparoscopy in the minimally invasive resection of colorectal tumors, seeking to understand the clinical benefits, the repercussions on postoperative quality of life and the challenges associated with this surgical approach. Methodology: The Scielo, Medline and Pubmed databases were used, searching for articles published between the years 2029 and 2023, in Portuguese or English. Final considerations: In summary, laparoscopy plays a crucial role in the minimally invasive resection of colorectal tumors, offering significant benefits compared to traditional surgical approaches. Therefore, the application of the surgical technique has been associated with several advantages, including shorter recovery time, lower rate of postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay and better aesthetic results.Introdução: Os tumores colorretais referem-se a crescimentos anormais de células que se desenvolvem no cólon ou no reto. Assim, a laparoscopia tornou-se uma abordagem cirúrgica no tratamento de tumores colorretais, considerada minimamente invasiva, visto que tem como benefícios a recuperação rápida, menor risco de complicações e preservação da qualidade de vida pós-cirúrgica. Objetivo: Analisar e elucidar o papel da laparoscopia na ressecção minimamente invasiva de tumores colorretais, buscando compreender os benefícios clínicos, as repercussões na qualidade de vida pós-operatória e os desafios associados a essa abordagem cirúrgica. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Pubmed, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos 2029 a 2023, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: Em resumo, a laparoscopia desempenha um papel crucial na ressecção minimamente invasiva de tumores colorretais, oferecendo benefícios significativos em comparação com abordagens cirúrgicas tradicionais. Dessa forma, a aplicação da técnica cirúrgica tem sido associada a várias vantagens, incluindo menor tempo de recuperação, menor taxa de complicações pós-operatórias, menor tempo de internação hospitalar e melhor resultado estético

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost