Oil content of three olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) in Beira Baixa (Portugal)

The three main cultivars of Olea europaea L. at Beira Baixa are Galega vulgar, Bical and Cordovil de Castelo Branco. Humidity and oil content, by NMR, for the monovariety olive pastes were studied for two years, 1998/99 and 1999/2000.The results showed that Galega vulgar had significantly lower oil content when compared with Bical and Cordovil de Castelo Branco; but Bical and Cordovil de Castelo Branco did not differ significantly from each other concerning this parameter.The humidity values observed for the three cultivars are significantly different: Cordovil presents similar values during the three harvests while Galega vulgar and Bical showed their maximum values at the second harvest.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Evolução do teor de esteróis e alcoóis triterpénicos no envelhecimento de azeites monovarietais e loteados de seis cultivares no Norte Alentejano

Comunicação apresentada no III Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura que decorreu em Castelo Branco, na Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, de 29 a 31 de Outubro de 2003.A legislação europeia limita os teores de alguns esteróis no azeite virgem: valores máximos de colesterol, de brassicasterol, de campesterol, de estigmasterol e de ∆7-estigmastenol; e valores mínimos do β-sitosterol aparente e do total de esteróis. O presente trabalho mostra o efeito de um ano de envelhecimento – em frascos de vidro âmbar a 25 °C – nos teores destes esteróis em azeites monovarietais e loteados de seis cultivares no Norte Alentejano, da campanha de 2001/02. O envelhecimento foi geralmente acompanhado pelo aumento dos teores de β-sitosterol aparente, de ∆5-avenasterol e de esteróis totais e pela diminuição dos teores de campesterol e de estigmasterol

Polifenóis e tocoferóis em azeites monovarietais

Comunicação apresentada no III Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura que decorreu em Castelo Branco, na Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, de 29 a 31 de Outubro de 2003.Este trabalho tem por objectivo o estudo dos polifenóis totais, orto-difenóis e tocoferóis nos azeites monovarietais mais representativos da parte sul do distrito de Castelo Branco: ‘Galega’, ‘Bical’ e ‘Cordovil’. O estudo incidiu em azeites extraídos em sistema Oliomio 50, provenientes de árvores das três cultivares localizadas nos concelhos de Idanha-a-Nova, Castelo Branco e Vila Velha de Ródão. Os resultados revelam que os azeites ‘Bical’ e ‘Cordovil’ apresentam os valores médios mais altos de polifenóis totais bem como de orto-difenóis. Os azeites ‘Galega’ e ‘Bical’ apresentaram teores médios de a-tocoferol muito semelhantes e mais elevados relativamente aos valores médios dos azeites ‘Cordovil’

2,6-Diphenylpyridine

In the title compound, C17H13N, the dihedral angles between the pyridine ring and the phenyl rings are 29.68 (18) and 26.58 (17)°. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked by a weak C-H inter­action, leading to [01] chains. There are no further significant inter­molecular inter­actions

Morphometric Study In Stomach Of Rabbits [estudio Morfométrico Del Estómago En Conejos]

Thirty three healthy, New Zealand rabbits, underwent a total gastrectomy via laparotomy and subsequent evaluation of gastric dimensions. Were measured the lengths of theu lesser and greater gastric curvature, in addition to the largest diameters of the organ. They presented average overall length of the lesser and greater curvature, respectively 6.7 cm and 27.3 cm. In addition, open surgical specimen presented a total area of 172.6 cm2. The sample was divided into two groups by age to perform comparisons between weight and stomach measures. Group 1 consisted of animals with age equal or less than 138 days and group 2 those with more than 138 days. No significant differences were found between the groups. This may suggest the use of younger animals to perform experiments related to surgical training involving the stomach, without dimensional prejudice of organ or generation of technical difficulties. Finally, it was noted also the predominance of the left gastric artery in the irrigation of the gastric wall and the presence of a transparent film between the liver and stomach in all animals.321227231Abidu-Figueiredo, M., Xavier-Silva, B., Cardinot, T.M., Babinski, M.A., Chagas, M.A., Celiac artery in New Zealand rabbit: Anatomical study of its origin and arrangement for experimental research and surgical practice (2008) Pesq. Vet. Bras, 28 (5), pp. 237-240Alves, J.R., Lopes, L.R., Sasasaki, T., Perioperative care in an animal model for training in abdominal surgery: Is it necessary a preoperative fasting? (2011) Acta Cir. Bras, 26 (6), pp. 541-548Amorim, M.J.A.A.L., Amorim, J.R.A.A., Villarouco, F.M.O., Capacid del estómago de conejos sin raza definida (Oryctolagus cuniculus) (2001) Rev. Chil. Anat, 19 (3), pp. 259-262Bensley, B.A., Craigie, E.H., (1948) Practical Anatomy of the Rabbit, , 8th ed. Canada, University of Toronto PressBrewer, N., Biology of the rabbit (2006) J. Am. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci, 45 (1), pp. 8-24Calasans-Maia, M.D., Monteiro, M.L., Áscoli, F.O., Granjeiro, J.M., The rabbit as an animal model for experimental surgery (2009) Acta Cir. Bras, 24 (4), pp. 325-328Conover, W.J., (1971) Practical Nonparametric Statistics, , New York, John Wiley & Sons, IncGalvão, F.H.F., Farias, A.Q., Pompeu, E., Waisberg, D.R., Teixeira, A.R.F., de Mello, E.S., Costa, A.C., D'Albuquerque, L.A.C., Endoscopic features in a model of multivisceral xenotransplantation (2010) Xenotransplantation, 17 (6), pp. 423-428Ghoshal, N.G., Bal, H.S., Comparative morphology of the stomach of some laboratory mammals (1989) Lab Anim, 23 (1), pp. 21-29Hristov, H., Kostov, D., Vladova, D., Topographical anatomy of some abdominal organs in rabbits (2006) Trakia J. Sci, 4 (3), pp. 7-10Hulley, S.B., Cummings, S.R., Browner, W.S., Grady, D., Hearst, N., Newman, T.B., (2003) Delineando a Pesquisa Clínica: Uma Abordagem Epidemiológica. 2a Ed, , Porto Alegre, ArtmedJohnson-Delaney, C.A., (2006) Anatomy and Physiology of the Rabbit and Rodent Gastrointestinal System, , http://www.chincare.com/HealthLifestyle/HLdocs2/gastrointestinal.pdfMeredith, A., Jepson, L., (2011) The Rabbit, , http://www.morfz.com/THERABBIT.pdf, Head of Exotic Animal Services Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghOliveira, L.R., Molinari, S.L., Natali, M.R.M., Michelan, A.C., Scapinello, C., Morphologic considerations about the wall of the glandular stomach of young rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) (2001) Rev. Chil. Anat, 19 (3), pp. 253-258Piasecki, C., Wyatt, C., Patterns of blood supply to the gastric mucosa. A comparative study revealing an end-artery model (1986) J. Anat, 149, pp. 21-39Rodrígues-Alarcón, C., Pérez, E., Martín, U., Rivera, R., Hernández, A., Vivo, J., Beristain, M., Usón, J., Morfometría del Esófago Abdominal y del Estómago del Conejo (Orycotolagus cuniculus): Aplicaciones a la Cirugía Laparoscópica (2010) Int. J. Morphol, 28 (1), pp. 27-3

Azeites da ‘Galega Vulgar’ - efeito do loteamento e do armazenamento

Comunicação apresentada no III Simpósio Nacional de Olivicultura que decorreu em Castelo Branco, na Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, de 29 a 31 de Outubro de 2003.O presente trabalho aborda: o efeito do loteamento de azeites ‘Galega’ com azeites ‘Azeiteira’, ‘Arbequina’, ‘Carrasquenha’, ‘Cobrançosa’ e ‘Picual’; e o efeito do tempo de armazenamento em parâmetros analíticos determinantes na sua qualidade. São investigados: a acidez, o índice de peróxido, as absorvâncias no UV, o sabor amargo (K225), a estabilidade oxidativa (RANCIMAT), a composição em ácidos gordos e o teor em polifenóis totais. Durante o armazenamento, verifica-se que a estabilidade oxidativa e o sabor amargo decresceram inicialmente de forma acentuada, tendendo a estabilizar posteriormente. Dada a impossibilidade legal de introduzir a ‘Picual’ na Denominação de Origem Protegida “Azeites do Norte Alentejano”, o lote ‘Galega’/’Cobrançosa’ revelou-se como o mais interessante para a DOP: trata-se do lote mais estável e mais frutado, sem ser, contudo, excessivamente amargo

Model for a Universe described by a non-minimally coupled scalar field and interacting dark matter

In this work it is investigated the evolution of a Universe where a scalar field, non-minimally coupled to space-time curvature, plays the role of quintessence and drives the Universe to a present accelerated expansion. A non-relativistic dark matter constituent that interacts directly with dark energy is also considered, where the dark matter particle mass is assumed to be proportional to the value of the scalar field. Two models for dark matter pressure are considered: the usual one, pressureless, and another that comes from a thermodynamic theory and relates the pressure with the coupling between the scalar field and the curvature scalar. Although the model has a strong dependence on the initial conditions, it is shown that the mixture consisted of dark components plus baryonic matter and radiation can reproduce the expected red-shift behavior of the deceleration parameter, density parameters and luminosity distance.Comment: 11 pages and 6 figures. To appear in GR

Echinoderms from Todos os Santos Bay and Aratu Bay (Bahia, Brazil)

Neste trabalho são registrados os equinodermos (exceto Holothuroidea) obtidos durante a execução do projeto "Marine Environmental Evaluation of the Todos os Santos Bay-MAREMBA" em julho/agosto de 1996 e durante o projeto "Geoecologia das comunidades bentônicas infralitorais da Baía de Todos os Santos (BTS), BA, Brasil: diversidade biótica e sedimentológica", (1997). Um total de 33 espécies pertencentes a 15 famílias foram registradas e re-descritas. A distribuição de Ophiactis brasiliensis Manso, 1988 e Amphiodia trychna H.L. Clark, 1918 é estendida para a região nordeste do Brasil. A classe Ophiuroidea foi dominante nas amostragens em termos de abundância e freqüência de ocorrência, em particular as espécies Amphiodia atra Stimpson, 1852, Amphipholis subtilis (Ljungman, 1867), Ophiactislymani Ljungman, 1871 e Ophiostigma isocanthum (Say, 1825). O asteróide Oreaster reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) é considerado vulnerável à exploração humana e foi escasso durante as coletas. Outras espécies encontradas na BTS, tais como os asteroides Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) e L. senegalensis (Lamarck, 1816) e o equinóide Eucidaristribuloides (Lamarck, 1816) figuram na lista nacional de espécies de invertebrados aquáticos ameaçados de extinção._______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: We present the results of the studies on biodiversity of Echinodermata (except Holothuroidea) from the Projects "Marine Environmental Evaluation of the Todos os Santos Bay - MAREMBA" (July/August 1996) and "Geoecology of the Benthic Infralitoral Communities of Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Bahia, Brazil" (1997). A total of 33 species from 15 families were registered and re-described. The distribution of Ophiactis brasiliensis Manso, 1988 and Amphiodia trychna H.L. Clark, 1918 is extended to northwestern Brazil. The class Ophiuroidea was dominant in samples in terms of abundance and frequency of occurrence, in particular Amphiodia atra Stimpson, 1852, Amphipholis subtilis (Ljungman, 1867), Ophiactislymani Ljungman, 1871and Ophiostigma isocanthum (Say, 1825). The asteroid Oreaster reticulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) is considered vulnerable to human exploration and was scarce during the surveys. Other species found at BTS, such the asteroids Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) and L. senegalensis (Lamarck, 1816) and the echinoid Eucidaristribuloides (Lamarck, 1816)are included in the national list of threatened invertebrate species

The Tsallis statistical distribution applied to geomagnetically induced currents

Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have been long recognized as a ground effect arising from a chain of space weather events. GICs have been measured and modeled in many countries, resulting in a considerable amount of data. Previous statistical analyses have proposed various types of distribution functions to fit long-term GICs data sets. However, these extensive statistical approaches have been only partially successful in fitting the data sets. Here we use modeled GICs data sets calculated in four countries (Brazil, South Africa, United Kingdom, and Finland) using data from solar cycle 23 to show a plausible function based on a nonextensive statistical model of the q-exponential Tsallis function. The fitted q-exponential parameter is approximately the same for all locations, and the Lilliefors test shows good agreement with the q-exponential fits. From this fit, we compute that the likely numbers of extreme GICs events over the next ten solar cycles are 1–2 for both Finland and United Kingdom, at least one for Brazil and less than one event for South Africa. Our results indicate that the nonextensive statistics are a general characteristic of GICs, suggesting that the ground current intensity has a strong temporal correlation and long-range interaction

Anaerobic granular sludge as a biocatalyst for 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol in continuous bioreactors

1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) was produced from glycerol in three parallel Expanded Granular Sludge Blanket (EGSB) reactors inoculated with granular sludge (control reactor-R1), heat-treated granular sludge (R2) and disrupted granular sludge (R3) at Hydraulic Retention Times (HRT) between 3 and 24 h. Maximum 1,3-PDO yield (0.52 mol mol-1) and productivity (57 g L-1 d-1) were achieved in R1 at HRTs of 12 h and 3 h, respectively. DGGE profiling of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments showed that variations in the HRT had a critical impact in the dominant community of microorganisms. However, no appreciable differences in the bacterial population were observed between R2 and R3 at low HRTs. Production of H2 was observed at the beginning of the operation, but no methane production was observed. This study proves the feasibility of 1,3-PDO production in EGSB reactors and represents a novel strategy to valorise glycerol generated in the biodiesel industry.The financial support given to Roberto Gallardo from Fundacao da Ciencia e da Tecnologia (ref SFRH/BD/42900/2008) is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank the MIT- Portugal Program for the support given to R. Gallardo and C. Faria