744 research outputs found
Mother-to-infant emotional involvement at birth
Objectives. To study mother-to-infant emotional involvement at birth, namely factors (socio-demographics, previous life events, type of delivery, pain at childbirth, support from partner, infant characteristics, early experiences with the newborn, and motherâs mood) that interfere with the motherâs positive, negative and not clear emotions toward the newborn. Methods. The Bonding Scale (an extended Portuguese version of the âNew Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scaleâ) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were administrated during the first after delivery days to 315 mothers recruited at JuÂŽlio Dinis Maternity Hospital (MJD, Porto, Portugal). Results. A worse emotional involvement with the newborn was observed when the mother was unemployed, unmarried, had less than grade 9, previous obstetrical/psychological problems or was depressed, as well as when the infant was female, had neonatal problems or was admitted in the intensive care unit. Lower total bonding results were significantly predicted when the mother was depressed and had a lower educational level; being depressed, unemployed and single predicted more negative emotions toward the infant as well. No significant differences in the mother-to-infant emotional involvement were obtained for events related to childbirth, such as type of delivery, pain and partner support, or early experiences with the newborn; these events do not predict motherâs bonding results either. Conclusion. The study results support the need for screening and supporting depressed, unemployed and single mothers, in order to prevent bonding difficulties with the newborn at birth.We would like to thank the mothers that participated in this study. This research was supported by a grant from
the Human Development and Health Service of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (Ref.48914) and a grant from the Bial Foundation (Ref.58/02)
Prevalence of Hyperuricemia and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Subclinical Target Organ Damage
The role of uric acid levels in the cardiovascular continuum is not clear. Our objective is to
analyze the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HU) and its association with cardiovascular risk factors
(CVRF), subclinical target organ damage (sTOD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We evaluated
the prevalence of HU in 6.927 patients included in the baseline visit of the IBERICAN study. HU
was defined as uric acid levels above 6 mg/dL in women, and 7 mg/dL in men. Using adjusted
logistic regression models, the odds ratios were estimated according to CVRF, sTOD, and CVD. The
prevalence of HU was 16.3%. The risk of HU was higher in patients with pathological glomerular
filtration rate (aOR: 2.92), heart failure (HF) (aOR: 1.91), abdominal obesity (aOR: 1.80), hypertension
(HTN) (aOR: 1.65), use of thiazides (aOR: 1.54), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (aOR: 1.36), atrial
fibrillation (AFIB) (aOR: 1.29), and albuminuria (aOR: 1.27). On the other hand, being female (aOR:
0.82) showed a reduced risk. The prevalence of HU was higher in men, in patients presenting CVRF
such as HTN and abdominal obesity, and with co-existence of LVH, atrial fibrillation (AFIB), HF, and
any form of kidney injury. These associations raise the possibility that HU forms part of the early
stages of the cardiovascular continuum. This may influence its management in Primary Healthcare
because the presence of HU could mean an increased CV risk in the patients
Mother-to-infant and father-to-infant initial emotional involvement
While infant attachment has been largely studied, parental attachment is still relatively unknown,
especially when referred to fathers. However, it is mainly recognised that parentsâ emotional involvement
with the newborn contributes to the quality of the interaction and the care they provide. The
aim of this study was to study mother-to-infant and father-to-infant initial emotional involvement;
namely, differences between mothers and fathers and changes in motherâs emotions toward the
neonate within the first days after delivery. The Bonding Scale, an extended Portuguese version of
the âNew Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scaleâ, was administered during the first two days after childbirth
to a sample of 315 mothers and 141 fathers (n = 456), at the JĂșlio Dinis Maternity Hospital
(Portugal). Most mothers and fathers show positive emotions and only a few of them showed
negative emotions toward the infant. Maternal and paternal emotional involvement toward the
newborn tend to be similar; nevertheless, fathers show less fear and better emotional involvement
with the neonate, while mothers are sadder and show more emotions not related to bonding. During
the first days following delivery, emotions not related to bonding, such as fear, seem to decrease in
mothers.Bial Foundation - Grant 58/02.Human Development and Health
Service of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation - Grant 48914
LipoproteinâAssociated Phospholipase A2 Activity Is a Marker of Risk But Not a Useful Target for Treatment in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Background: We evaluated lipoproteinâassociated phospholipase A2 (LpâPLA2) activity in patients with stable coronary heart disease before and during treatment with darapladib, a selective LpâPLA2 inhibitor, in relation to outcomes and the effects of darapladib in the STABILITY trial. Methods and Results: Plasma LpâPLA2 activity was determined at baseline (n=14 500); at 1 month (n=13 709); serially (n=100) at 3, 6, and 18 months; and at the end of treatment. Adjusted Cox regression models evaluated associations between LpâPLA2 activity levels and outcomes. At baseline, the median LpâPLA2 level was 172.4 ÎŒmol/min per liter (interquartile range 143.1â204.2 ÎŒmol/min per liter). Comparing the highest and lowest LpâPLA2 quartile groups, the hazard ratios were 1.50 (95% CI 1.23â1.82) for the primary composite end point (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), 1.95 (95% CI 1.29â2.93) for hospitalization for heart failure, 1.42 (1.07â1.89) for cardiovascular death, and 1.37 (1.03â1.81) for myocardial infarction after adjustment for baseline characteristics, standard laboratory variables, and other prognostic biomarkers. Treatment with darapladib led to a â65% persistent reduction in median LpâPLA2 activity. There were no associations between onâtreatment LpâPLA2 activity or changes of LpâPLA2 activity and outcomes, and there were no significant interactions between baseline and onâtreatment LpâPLA2 activity or changes in LpâPLA2 activity levels and the effects of darapladib on outcomes. Conclusions: Although high LpâPLA2 activity was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, pharmacological lowering of LpâPLA2 activity by â65% did not significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease, regardless of the baseline level or the magnitude of change of LpâPLA2 activity
Impact of the presence of heart disease, cardiovascular medications and cardiac events on outcome in COVID-19
Background: Cardiovascular risk factors and usage of cardiovascular medication are prevalent among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Little is known about the cardiovascular implications of COVID-19. The goal herein, was to evaluate the prognostic impact of having heart disease (HD) and taking cardiovascular medications in a population diagnosed of COVID-19 who required hospitalization. Also, we studied the development of cardiovascular events during hospitalization.
Methods: Consecutive patients with definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 made by a positive real time- -polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swabs who were admitted to the hospital from March 15 to April 14 were included in a retrospective registry. The association of HD with mortality and with mortality or respiratory failure were the primary and secondary objectives, respectively.
Results: A total of 859 patients were included in the present analysis. Cardiovascular risk factors were related to death, particularly diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio in the multivariate analysis: 1.810 [1.159â â2.827], p = 0.009). A total of 113 (13.1%) patients had HD. The presence of HD identified a group of patients with higher mortality (35.4% vs. 18.2%, p < 0.001) but HD was not independently related to prognosis; reninâangiotensinâaldosterone system inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, diuretics and beta-blockers did not worsen prognosis. Statins were independently associated with decreased mortality (0.551 [0.329â0.921], p = 0.023). Cardiovascular events during hospitalization identified a group of patients with poor outcome (mortality 31.8% vs. 19.3% without cardiovascular events, p = 0.007).
Conclusions: The presence of HD is related to higher mortality. Cardiovascular medications taken before admission are not harmful, statins being protective. The development of cardiovascular events during the course of the disease is related to poor outcome
Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires
The production of tt⟠, W+bb⟠and W+cc⟠is studied in the forward region of protonâproton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fbâ1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays WââÎœ , where â denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of , and is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The bosons are reconstructed in the decays , where denotes muon or electron, while the and quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions
Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era
The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2Ă1034
cmâ2sâ1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b â sl+lâand b â dl+lâ transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 â ÎŒ+ÎŒâ)/B(Bs â ÎŒ+ÎŒâ). Probing charm CP violation at the 10â5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier
LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report
This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis
Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in -tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton
collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against
a boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and
transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range . The
data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy
of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb. Triple
differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum
fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also
measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent
fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the
measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into
the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any
supplementary material and additional information, are available at
https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb
public pages
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