Aprendizaje de la programación guiado por los errores de compilación

Los errores de programación y en concreto los de tiempo de compilación siempre han sido un área de interés en el campo de la enseñanza de la programación. Esto lo demuestran los distintos artículos que aparecen periódicamente en congresos de docencia de la informática, tanto nacionales como internacionales. Estos estudios se basan en la relación entre errores de programación y carencias conceptuales o malas prácticas de programación, y orientar a los docentes en las áreas y conceptos de programación que se tendrían que reforzar en la enseñanza de la programación. Sin embargo, estos estudios se realizan siempre fuera del proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, con lo cual sólo se extraen conclusiones generales para posteriores cursos y sin poder proporcionar una realimentación real e individualizada a los alumnos. Hemos creado un sistema, denominado COLMENA que se integra con el entorno de desarrollo integrado para recopilar información sobre el análisis estático, errores de compilación y warnings, que los estudiantes generan durante un ejercicio de programación. Además, esta información sobre errores se visualiza a los usuarios clasificada por familias de errores, sesiones de prácticas y alumnos. Permitiendo al profesor realizar un seguimiento completamente personalizado, para un grupo o un alumno concreto. Por otra parte, facilita la documentación de los distintos errores, estableciendo una relación de estos con los conceptos de programación y buenas prácticas relacionadas. Además, permite a los alumnos darse cuenta de los errores que cometen con más frecuencia y reforzar el conocimiento de estos. A través de esta herramienta, por tanto, se consigue un flujo de intercambio de información que puede ayudar a profesores y alumnos en la mejora del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje, y así perfeccionar explícitamente detalles sobre pautas de programación o conceptos relativos a la misma que antes no se apreciaban o conocer la evolución de los errores de un grupo a lo largo de una asignatura.SUMMARY -- Studies on errors in programming activities have always been considered relevant among scientific communities. Thus, different approaches are explored every year in national and international conferences about programming teaching and learning. All of these studies deal with the relationship between programming errors and bad habits in programming, in order to generate guidance for teachers in concepts where their students fail. However, these kinds of studies are conducted outside the students' natural programming process, which prevents teachers from receiving a feedback report in real-time. We have created an eclipse plug-in, called COLMENA, whose purpose is to recover compilation errors and warnings generated by the students during programming lessons. Moreover, this information is displayed in a specific portal where students can retrieve information about the errors, their solutions and different reports about individual and collective information, such as specific groups or sessions inside a subject. Students have the possibility to learn about the solution to their most common errors in the system or their top-10 error list. Through COLMENA, we aim to assist teachers and students with programming tips and ideas that generate less errors and improve the teacher-learning process. This kind of information, previously discarded, allows us to gain a new perspective about the problems that users have in a specific practical lesson or in a whole subject

DC voltage stability analysis and enhancement for grid-forming-based MTDC systems

This letter first identifies a new mode of lowfrequency harmonic instability when combining grid-forming control with the typical DC voltage droop control necessitated in multi-terminal high voltage direct-current transmissions. This mode does not exist when grid-following control is applied and its mechanism is explicitly revealed by the DC-side input admittance modeling of the converter. Then, a phase compensator plus a virtual power system stabilizer are introduced to pacify the input admittance within the critical frequency range and de-risk the related instability. Last, it is also demonstrated that the proposed control strategy achieves excellent performance in contingent active power imbalance ride-through in the DC system. All the analyses are verified by electro-magnetic-transient simulations with a modular multi-level converter model comprising 278 submodules per arm

El arte del color: colorantes naturales, tintes y pigmentos laca

El objetivo general del proyecto propuesto ha sido desarrollar una metodología que sirva de apoyo a las prácticas de laboratorio realizadas por los alumnos para las asignaturas que integran en sus competencias el estudio de tintes, pigmentos lacas y métodos extracción de colorantes y de tinción. Basándose en la relación que existe entre los fenómenos físicos y químicos implicados en los métodos desarrollados con la obtención del pigmento laca y tinte. Además del estudio de la influencia de diferentes elementos como mordientes, soportes inorgánicos y variables como el pH y la T

Aspectos psico-espirituales medidos con la FACIT-Sp en pacientes con cáncer estadio IV

Objective: To describe different psycho-spiritual elements in a sample of stage IV cancer patients from a public hospital in Lima, Peru, through the application of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp) scale. Methods: Application of FACIT-Sp to a sample of patients (n = 100) diagnosed with stage IV cancer at the Oncology Service of the Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza. The 33-question instrument, designed to evaluate psycho-spiritual elements, analyzes five areas: social well-being (SWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), meaning and peace (MP) and faith (F). Results: The most prominent aspect was F (average score=13.53 ± 3.05, corresponding to 84.56% of the maximum possible score), and the lowest was FWB (average score=15.79 ± 6.89, corresponding to 56.39% of the maximum possible score). Conclusions: According to FACIT-Sp, the most developed psycho-spiritual aspect among the participating patients was the one related to Faith, whereas the least developed, the one linked to the area of Functional Well-Being.Objetivo: Describir los diferentes elementos psico-espirituales en pacientes con cáncer aplicando la escala Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual Well Being, FACIT-Sp (Evaluación Funcional de Terapia de Enfermedades Crónicas y Bienestar Espiritual). Métodos: Aplicación de la escala a una muestra de pacientes (n = 100) con diagnóstico de cáncer, estadio IV, del Servicio de Oncología del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza. El instrumento de 33 preguntas examina cinco áreas: bienestar social (SWB), bienestar emocional (EWB), bienestar funcional (FWB), sentido y paz (MP) y fe (F). Resultados: En la muestra estudiada, el aspecto más resaltante fue el relacionado con F (puntaje promedio=13,53 ± 3,05, correspondiente al 84,56% del puntaje máximo posible) y el más bajo fue el vinculado a FWB (puntaje promedio=15,79 ± 6,89, correspondiente al 56,39% del puntaje máximo posible). Conclusiones: De acuerdo a FACIT-Sp, el aspecto psico-espiritual más desarrollado en los pacientes de la muestra estudiada fue el relativo a la Fe y el menos desarrollado, el vinculado al área de Bienestar Funcional

Ultrasensitive multiplex optical quantification of bacteria in large samples of biofluids

Efficient treatments in bacterial infections require the fast and accurate recognition of pathogens, with concentrations as low as one per milliliter in the case of septicemia. Detecting and quantifying bacteria in such low concentrations is challenging and typically demands cultures of large samples of blood (~1 milliliter) extending over 24-72 hours. This delay seriously compromises the health of patients. Here we demonstrate a fast microorganism optical detection system for the exhaustive identification and quantification of pathogens in volumes of biofluids with clinical relevance (~1 milliliter) in minutes. We drive each type of bacteria to accumulate antibody functionalized SERS-labelled silver nanoparticles. Particle aggregation on the bacteria membranes renders dense arrays of inter-particle gaps in which the Raman signal is exponentially amplified by several orders of magnitude relative to the dispersed particles. This enables a multiplex identification of the microorganisms through the molecule-specific spectral fingerprints

EZH2 endorses cell plasticity to non-small cell lung cancer cells facilitating mesenchymal to epithelial transition and tumour colonization

CGL was funded by the Consejería de Salud y Familias, Junta de Andalucía (RH-0139-2020) and SG-P is funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP19/00029, PI15/00336, PI19/01533). JAM is supported by RTI2018.101309B-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa” and by the Chair “Doctors Galera-Requena in cancer stem cell research”. PCS is funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant PID2020-119032RB-I00) and FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (grants P20_00335 and B‐CTS‐40‐UGR20). The Landeira lab is supported by the Spanish ministry of science and innovation (PID2019-108108-100, EUR2021-122005), the Andalusian regional government (PC-0246-2017, PIER-0211-2019, PY20_00681) and the University of Granada (A-BIO-6-UGR20) grants.Reversible transition between the epithelial and mesenchymal states are key aspects of carcinoma cell dissemination and the metastatic disease, and thus, characterizing the molecular basis of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial to find druggable targets and more effective therapeutic approaches in cancer. Emerging studies suggest that epigenetic regulators might endorse cancer cells with the cell plasticity required to conduct dynamic changes in cell state during EMT. However, epigenetic mechanisms involved remain mostly unknown. Polycomb Repressive Complexes (PRCs) proteins are well-established epigenetic regulators of development and stem cell differentiation, but their role in different cancer systems is inconsistent and sometimes paradoxical. In this study, we have analysed the role of the PRC2 protein EZH2 in lung carcinoma cells. We found that besides its described role in CDKN2A-dependent cell proliferation, EZH2 upholds the epithelial state of cancer cells by repressing the transcription of hundreds of mesenchymal genes. Chemical inhibition or genetic removal of EZH2 promotes the residence of cancer cells in the mesenchymal state during reversible epithelial–mesenchymal transition. In fitting, analysis of human patient samples and tumour xenograft models indicate that EZH2 is required to efficiently repress mesenchymal genes and facilitate tumour colonization in vivo. Overall, this study discloses a novel role of PRC2 as a master regulator of EMT in carcinoma cells. This finding has important implications for the design of therapies based on EZH2 inhibitors in human cancer patients.Junta de Andalucía (RH-0139-2020)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CP19/00029, PI15/00336, PI19/01533)MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa” RTI2018.101309B-C22Chair “Doctors Galera-Requena in cancer stem cell research”Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant PID2020-119032RB-I00)FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (grants P20_00335 and B‐CTS‐40‐UGR20)Spanish ministry of science and innovation (PID2019-108108-100, EUR2021-122005)Andalusian regional government (PC-0246-2017, PIER-0211-2019, PY20_00681)University of Granada (A-BIO-6-UGR20

Prospective Exploratory Analysis of Angiogenic Biomarkers in Peripheral Blood in Advanced NSCLC Patients Treated With Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy: The ANGIOMET Study

[EN] Finding angiogenic prognostic markers in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer is still an unmet medical need. We explored a set of genetic variants in the VEGF-pathway as potential biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab. We prospectively analyzed the relationship between VEGF-pathway components with both pathological and prognostic variables in response to chemotherapy plus bevacizumab in 168 patients with non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer. Circulating levels of VEGF and VEGFR2 and expression of specific endothelial surface markers and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in VEGF-pathway genes were analyzed. The primary clinical endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints included overall survival and objective tumor response. VEGFR-1 rs9582036 variants AA/AC were associated with increased progression-free survival (p = 0.012 and p = 0.035, respectively), and with improved overall survival (p = 0.019) with respect to CC allele. Patients with VEGF-A rs3025039 harboring allele TT had also reduced mortality risk (p = 0.049) compared with the CC allele. The VEGF-A rs833061 variant was found to be related with response to treatment, with 61.1% of patients harboring the CC allele achieving partial treatment response. High pre-treatment circulating levels of VEGF-A were associated with shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.036). In conclusion, in this prospective study, genetic variants in VEGFR-1 and VEGF-A and plasma levels of VEGF-A were associated with clinical benefit, progression-free survival, or overall survival in a cohort of advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy plus antiangiogenic therapy.The authors thank Drs. Blanca Piedrafita and Vanessa Marfil at Medical Statistics Consulting for medial writing services. RR also wish to acknowledge the support by the Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer (AECC).Jantus-Lewintre, E.; Massuti Sureda, B.; Gonzalez Larriba, JL.; Rodríguez-Abreu, D.; Juan, O.; Blasco, A.; Domine, M.... (2021). Prospective Exploratory Analysis of Angiogenic Biomarkers in Peripheral Blood in Advanced NSCLC Patients Treated With Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy: The ANGIOMET Study. Frontiers in Oncology. 11:1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.695038S1111

The multikinase inhibitor EC‐70124 synergistically increased the antitumor activity of doxorubicin in sarcomas

Cytotoxic drugs like doxorubicin remain as the most utilized agents in sarcoma treatment. However, advanced sarcomas are often resistant, thus stressing the need for new therapies aimed to overcome this resistance. Multikinase inhibitors provide an efficient way to target several pro-tumorigenic pathways using a single agent and may constitute a valuable strategy in the treatment of sarcomas, which frequently show an aberrant activation of pro-tumoral kinases. Therefore, we studied the antitumor activity of EC-70124, an indolocarbazole analog that have demonstrated a robust ability to inhibit a wide range of pro-survival kinases. Evaluation of the phospho-kinase profile in cell-of-origin sarcoma models and/or sarcoma primary cell lines evidenced that PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT or SRC were among the most highly activated pathways. In striking contrast with the structurally related drug midostaurin, EC-70124 efficiently prevented the phosphorylation of these targets and robustly inhibited proliferation through a mechanism associated to the induction of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, EC-70124 was able to partially reduce tumor growth in vivo. Importantly, this compound inhibited the expression and activity of ABC efflux pumps involved in drug resistance. In line with this ability, we found that the combined treatment of EC-70124 with doxorubicin resulted in a synergistic cytotoxic effect in vitro and an increased antitumor activity of this cytotoxic drug in vivo. Altogether, these results uncover the capability of the novel multikinase inhibitor EC-70124 to counteract drug resistance in sarcoma and highlight its therapeutic potential when combined with current treatmentsPeer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

HERMES-TDT: Herramientas de monitorización y control de servicios de accesibilidad para la TDT

Los servicios de accesibilidad a la televisión digital constituyen un medio para acceder al audio o vídeo de los programas de TV y son necesarios para un número creciente de personas