Clicks and Cliques. Exploring the Soul of the Community

In the paper we analyze 26 communities across the United States with the objective to understand what attaches people to their community and how this attachment differs among communities. How different are attached people from unattached? What attaches people to their community? How different are the communities? What are key drivers behind emotional attachment? To address these questions, graphical, supervised and unsupervised learning tools were used and information from the Census Bureau and the Knight Foundation were combined. Using the same pre-processed variables as Knight (2010) most likely will drive the results towards the same conclusions than the Knight foundation, so this paper does not use those variables

Mechanical topological insulator in zero dimensions

We study linear vibrational modes in finite isostatic Maxwell lattices, mechanical systems where the number of degrees of freedom matches the number of constraints. Recent progress in topological mechanics exploits the nontrivial topology of BDI class Hamiltonians in one dimenson and arising topological floppy modes at the edges. A finite frame, or zero-dimensional system, also exhibits a nonzero topological index according to the classification table. We construct mechanical insulating models in zero dimensions that complete the BDI classification in the available real space dimensions. We compute and interpret its nontrivial invariant Z2.N.L. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through The María de Maeztu Programme for Units of Excellence in R&D (Grant No. MDM-2014-0377). This work has been funded by MINECO Grant No. FIS2015-64886-C5-5-

Potential peptidic proteasome inhibitors by incorporation of an electrophilic trap based on amino acid derived α-substituted sulfonyl fluorides

Peptido sulfonyl fluoride derivatives were designed and synthesized containing a substituent on the alpha position (αPSFs) with respect to the sulfonyl fluoride electrophilic trap. The chemical reactivity of these α-substituted amino sulfonyl fluorides was studied and compared with the previously described β-substituted amino sulfonyl fluorides in order to get a deeper insight into the importance of the immediate structural environment of the sulfonyl fluoride moiety. Unfortunately, the poor solubility of the resulting αPSFs precluded a proper evaluation of their biological activity

As transformações do currículum e da normativa escolar durante a última ditadura militar: o uso e o disciplinamiento da força de trabalho através do sistema dual e do regime disciplinar

El presente trabajo se propone analizar la intervención de la última dictadura militar en el nivel medio de educación. Más específicamente, se presenta aquí un análisis de dos dimensiones poco exploradas hasta el momento dentro del campo de estudios sobre las transformaciones educativas durante la etapa. Por un lado, el desarrollo del denominado "sistema dual", experiencia iniciada en 1980 que suponía una práctica laboral como mecanismo de formación técnica del alumnado. Intentaremos ver cuáles fueron las características principales de ese sistema. En este punto, observaremos cómo la orientación, la capacitación laboral y la adquisición de determinadas pericias de la fuerza de trabajo aparecían como tareas que el nivel medio debía asumir. Para ello, analizaremos las características de la nueva modalidad, el currículum, el perfil de los aprendices y la distribución del tiempo escolar. En paralelo a ese proceso, estudiaremos las transformaciones en el régimen de disciplina escolar, entendiendo que se trata de un dispositivo central encaminado a formar los atributos morales de la fuerza de trabajo. No sólo recompondremos el marco normativo sino que, también, nos aproximaremos al estudio de sus formas concretas de realización. Para dar cuenta de este último aspecto, trabajaremos a partir del relevamiento y análisis de la prensa nacional e indagaremos el archivo documental de una escuela pública de Capital Federal. En suma, abordaremos aquí tres dimensiones convergentes -el plano organizativo, el curricular y el disciplinar- que nos permitirán observar los vínculos existentes entre las reformas educativas y las necesidades del capital durante la última dictadura militar.This paper analyzes the intervention of the military dictatorship in the average level of education. More specifically, we present two-dimensional analysis so far little explored in the field of research on educational change during the stage. On the one hand, the development of so-called "dual system" experience started in 1980 which involved a labor practice like mechanism of technical training of students. Try to see what were the main features of this system. At this point, we see how guidance, job training and the acquisition of certain skills of the workforce appeared as the average level tasks should take. To do this, we analyze the characteristics of the new method, the curriculum, the profile of apprentices and the distribution of school time. In parallel to this process, we will study the changes in the school disciplinary system, understanding that it is a central device that aims to shape the moral attributes of the labor force. Not only we will analyze the regulatory framework but also, we will approach the study of its particular embodiments. We will survey and analyze the national press and will investigate documentary file a public school in Buenos Aires. In short, we will discuss here three dimensions converged-the organizational level, the curriculum and discipline, that allow us to observe the links between educational reforms and capital needs during the last military dictatorship.O presente trabalho analisa a intervenção da ditadura militar no nível médio de educação. Mais especificamente, apresentamos a análise de duas dimensões pouco explorado até agora no âmbito dos estudos sobre transformações educacionais durante o estágio. Por um lado, o desenvolvimento do denominado "sistema dual", experiência iniciada em 1980 que supunha uma prática trabalhista como mecanismo de formação técnica do alumnado. Vamos tentar ver quais foram as principais características deste sistema. Neste ponto, podemos ver como a orientação, capacitação profissional e a aquisição de certas competências da força de trabalho aparecem como tarefas que devem assumir o nível médio. Para isso, analisaremos as características da nova modalidade, o currículum, o perfil dos aprendices e a distribuição do tempo escolar. Em paralelo a esse processo, estudaremos as transformações no regime de disciplina escolar, entendendo que se trata de um dispositivo central encaminhado a formar os atributos morais da força de trabalho. Não só recompondremos o marco normativo senão que, também, aproximar-nos-emos ao estudo de suas formas concretas de realização. Para dar conta deste último aspecto, trabalharemos a partir do relevamiento e análise da imprensa nacional e indagaremos o arquivo documentário de uma escola pública de Capital Federal. Em soma, abordaremos aqui três dimensões convergentes -o plano organizativo, o curricular e o disciplinar- que permitir-nos-ão observar os vínculos existentes entre as reformas educativas e as necessidades do capital durante a última ditadura militar.Fil: de Luca, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez Prieto, Natalia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

Hormone deprivation alters mitochondrial function and lipid profile in the hippocampus

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common hallmark in aging. In the female, reproductive senescence is characterized by loss of ovarian hormones, many of whose neuroprotective effects converge upon mitochondria. The functional integrity of mitochondria is dependent on membrane fatty acid and phospholipid composition, which are also affected during aging. The effect of long-term ovarian hormone deprivation upon mitochondrial function and its putative association with changes in mitochondrial membrane lipid profile in the hippocampus, an area primarily affected during aging and highly responsive to ovarian hormones, is unknown. To this aim, Wistar adult female rats were ovariectomized or sham-operated. Twelve weeks later, different parameters of mitochondrial function (O2 uptake, ATP production, membrane potential and respiratory complex activities) as well as membrane phospholipid content and composition were evaluated in hippocampal mitochondria. Chronic ovariectomy reduced mitochondrial O2 uptake and ATP production rates and induced membrane depolarization during active respiration without altering the activity of respiratory complexes. Mitochondrial membrane lipid profile showed no changes in cholesterol levels but higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids and a higher peroxidizability index in mitochondria from ovariectomized rats. Interestingly, ovariectomy also reduced cardiolipin content and altered cardiolipin fatty acid profile leading to a lower peroxidizability index. In conclusion, chronic ovarian hormone deprivation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in the mitochondrial membrane lipid profile comparable to an aging phenotype. Our study provides insights into ovarian hormone loss-induced early lipidomic changes with bioenergetic deficits in the hippocampus that may contribute to the increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other age-associated disorders observed in postmenopause.Fil: Zarate, Sandra Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Astiz, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata "Prof. Dr. Rodolfo R. Brenner". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata ; ArgentinaFil: Magnani, Natalia Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Imsen, Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Merino, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Silvia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Reines, Analia Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "Prof. Eduardo de Robertis". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia; ArgentinaFil: Seilicovich, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentin

Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la identidad cultural y la formación del pensamiento social de los estudiantes de cuarto grado

El objetivo de la investigación, pretende identificar las habilidades de pensamiento social de los niños de grado cuarto de la institución educativa Jaime Salazar Robledo, a partir de la enseñanza de la identidad cultural. La estructura metodológica que se utiliza es el estudio de casos simple o sencillo (Yin, 2009) que permite profundizar en una experiencia, contrastando los resultados obtenidos con las predicciones de las teorías que sirven de base al estudio. El video es utilizado como herramienta tecnológica, para apoyar la exploración de las diferentes culturas que se trabajan a lo largo de la unidad didáctica; para identificar las habilidades de pensamiento social. Estas habilidades de pensamiento social son: la Descripción, Explicación, Interpretación y Argumentación. Las habilidades del pensamiento social que se manifiestan en el desarrollo de la propuesta didáctica son las mismas consideradas en la planeación excepto la argumentación. Las demás habilidades fueron identificadas en el siguiente orden, en primer lugar fue la descripción con un mayor porcentaje, en segundo lugar la explicación y en tercer lugar la interpretación.In this task it’s presented an educational investigation which the goal is to identify the social knowledge abilities that are developed in a proposal of the syllabus of social studies teaching and learning, especially of the concept of cultural identity. The investigation is based on the socio constructive approach that leads interaction of the subjects in the social and cultural contexts of teaching and learning, where the same subject builds its own knowledge. The goal of the investigation pretends to identify which are the social thought abilities the fourth-grade-kids have at the Jaime Salazar Robledo elementary school when running the complete teaching unit. The methodological structure developed is the study of simple cases (Yin, 2009) that gives insight into an experience, contrasting the results gotten with the predictions of the theories that serve as a base for the study. In accordance with the results gotten, the video clip becomes a technological tool (TIC) to support the exploration of different cultures which were developed trough the didactic unit, the abilities to develop social thought planned by the teachers were included. These abilities of social thoughts were: The description, explanation, interpretation and argumentation. The social thought abilities that are manifested in the development of the didactical proposal are the same considered in the planning but the argumentation. The rest of them were identified in the following order, first the description with the greater percentage, then the explanation, and finally the interpretation. By the above it is recommended during the following investigations it is necessary to emphasize on the development of the interpretation because it’s required to understand argumentation

The high school education in Argentina during the military dictatorship (1976-1983). Curriculum, education for work, discipline and evaluation

En el presente artículo buscamos analizar las principales reformas que la última dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1983) llevó a cabo en el nivel medio. En particular, indagamos sobre tres aspectos. En primer término, las transformaciones operadas en el currículum. En ese sentido, intentaremos ver qué tipo de hombre se buscaba formar así como sus principales atributos. En este punto, observaremos cómo la orientación, la capacitación laboral y la adquisición de determinadas pericias de la fuerza de trabajo aparecían como tareas que el nivel medio debía asumir. Intentamos analizar, también, cómo el ciclo básico se estructuró a modo de enlace entre la escuela primaria y la fase superior del secundario. Forma parte de nuestras hipótesis de trabajo que los experimentos desarrollados durante la dictadura conformaron los insumos de la Ley Federal -Nº 24.195- que se implementaría durante la década del noventa, si bien su validación excede el presente análisis. En ese sentido, consideramos que la última dictadura militar constituyó un momento de síntesis de una serie de tendencias de la educación argentina que perdurarían en el tiempo. En segundo lugar, observaremos las transformaciones en el régimen de disciplina, preguntándonos por qué no fue reformado el código disciplinar en un contexto político represivo. Por último, intentaremos dar cuenta de los cambios en el régimen de evaluación que, como veremos, serán realizados en pos de la restauración de un “orden” perdido. Desde nuestra perspectiva, en conjunto, las tres facetas bajo análisis permiten dar cuenta de una de las tareas centrales asumidas por el régimen castrense para el nivel medio de enseñanza: disciplinar y proyectar una transformación de conjunto. Para dar cuenta de nuestro objetivo de estudio, utilizaremos fuentes documentales tales como planes y programas de estudio, reglamentos, leyes y normas educativas, entre otras, durante el período de referencia.In this paper we analyze the main reforms that the last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983) put in place at the high school level. In particular, we investigate three aspects. First, regarding the transformation of the curriculum, we try to identify what kind of man was sought to be formed and its main attributes. We discuss how the orientation, job training and the acquisition of certain skills of the workforce appeared as the tasks that high school should take. Also we try to analyze how the basic cycle was structured as an interface between primary and secondary upper phase. Although validation exceeds the present analysis, it is part of our working hypothesis that the experiments conducted during the dictatorship would be the inputs of the Federal Law No. 24.195, which would be implemented in the nineties. In that sense, we believe that the military dictatorship was a moment of synthesis of a number of trends of education in Argentina that would endure in time. In second place, we observe the changes in the disciplinary system, wondering why it was not reformed the disciplinary code in a repressive political context. Finally, we investigate the changes in the evaluation regime, that as we will see, they would be made with the objective of the restoration of the "order" lost. From our perspective, the three aspects under analysis allow to see one of the main tasks undertaken by the military regime to the middle level of education: discipline and project an overall transformation. To realize our objective of study, we will use documentary sources such as plans and programs of study, regulations, laws and educational norms among others, during the reference period. KeyFil: de Luca, Romina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez Prieto, Natalia Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentina. Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Ciencias Sociales; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Incentivos y patrones de retiro en Uruguay

We estimate indicators of incentives to retire in a sample of individuals affiliated to the main Uruguayan social security program and we assess their impact on retirement and pension claims observed between 1996 and 2004. The implicit tax on work in this population is high compared to other countries for which similar studies have been conducted, particularly so when the indicator is computed for individuals covered by the institutional act 9. The reform law passed in 1995 increased the incentives to work. However, we do not find the expected effects of the incentive indicators on retirement.Incentives to retirement, Social Security