Modelo de ciclo de vida do turismo : uma ferramenta para a gestão do turismo rural aplicada à Ilha da Madeira

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um modelo que contribua para a gestão sustentável de destinações turísticas em área rural, assim como apresentar o estudo de caso na Ilha da Madeira – Portugal. As investigações sobre modelos de ciclo de vida, especificamente Butler (1980) que desenvolveu a teoria do ciclo de vida da área turística, conhecida por TALC, e Lourenço (2003) que criou um modelo para áreas de expansão urbana são a base para a estruturação do modelo proposto. Ao realizar a modulação, almeja-se realizar um contributo ao poder público na tomada de decisão.The aim of this paper is to describe a proposed model for the management of rural tourism destination, as well presented the case study at Madeira Island – PT. The proposed model is based on the application of life cycle models for tourism destinations, specifically, the Tourist Area Life Cycle theory, TALC, (Butler, 1980) and the Lourenço´s model that established one model for areas of urban expansion. Modelling tourism development intended to be a contribute for public administration in the decision process.Comissão Europeia - programa Alban de nº E04D046026B

Using tourist employment multipliers to evaluate development policies : the case-study of the Douro Valley

The discussion of tourism development policies considering some quantitative indicators, such as employment multipliers is performed for a World Heritage area that was recently classified in Portugal: the Douro Valley. The need for classified areas to have a sustainable development, mainly in terms of preservation and tourism development is addressed. The discussion over multipliers follows and the achieved results are presented. Lastly, the detection of possible paradoxes on the evolution of the territory culminates this attempt to integrate socio and economic analytical approaches

Evaluation of plan-processes in areas for tourism development

Modelling tourism development cycles associated with planning and investment cycles intends to be a contribution to the understanding of the tourism activity within a continuum process. It allows a better apprehension of the sequence of interdependencies that exist and can be addressed enlarging the well-known concept of tourism product and its life-cycle. The model sketched in this paper is still under progress and has been adapted from the territorial plan-process model (Lourenço, 2003) which is based on the quasi-model of Holton

Tourism development in world heritage urban areas

This paper will discuss how some World Heritage classified urban areas are developing in terms of sustainability, mainly in terms of preservation and tourism development. Another aim is to detect possible paradoxes on the evolution of two case-studies, both classified as World Heritage by UNESCO: Porto, a medieval area in Portugal and Ouro Preto, one of the most representative towns of baroque style in Brazil. Conflicts and different interests can be noticed in the development of tourism industry. In this context, the following question will be addressed: what have been the trickling down effects to the tourist areas

Life cycle modelling for tourism areas

Modelling tourism development cycles associated with planning and investment cycles intends to be a contribution to the understanding of the tourism activity within a continuum process. It allows a better apprehension of the sequence of interdependencies that exist and can be addressed enlarging the well-known concept of tourism product and its life cycle. The proposed model can contribute for monitoring the tourism activity and improve its development in a sustainable way. If the tourist sites use this tool they have more probability to have success, because when the tourism life cycle is monitored it is possible to introduce some corrections upon the inadequate trend. The use of the appropriate indicators to measure the activity is essential to the success of the proposed life cycle modelling, such as can be observed in Madeira Region case study

Innovation in tourism and startups in Brazil, Spain and Portugal

The present study aims to analyze innovative initiatives related to the promotion of startups in Brazil, Spain and Portugal, in the context of smart tourism destinations (STD). Based on an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, programs related to innovation and entrepreneurship were identified in the countries under analysis, as well as concrete initiatives of innovation in tourism related to startups. Therefore, 60 new items per country, out of a total of 180, were selected on the Google platform. The results of the research show that there are guidelines linked to startups in the three countries. In general terms, it was possible to observe that from startups. It is possible to promote the development of ITD, since the initiatives identified contribute, among other aspects, with experiences.

Avaliação de planos-processo em áreas de desenvolvimento turístico

Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Civil (ramo do Conhecimento Planeamento Urbano)Esta dissertação de doutorado tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento e a validação do Modelo de Análise do Processo Turístico denominado MAPT, modelo de base teórico-conceitual com representação gráfica. A partir da revisão de literatura e dos modelos de Butler (1980) e Lourenço (2003), determinou-se as variáveis e os indicadores do modelo proposto. Como foco de análise foram escolhidos alguns dos principais componentes que influenciam o ciclo de vida do turismo, a saber, o planejamento turístico, os investimentos públicos em turismo e o crescimento da atividade, este representado pelas relações entre oferta x demanda. Um dos principais objetivos foi o estabelecimento de parâmetros de comparação a partir da definição de uma situação padronizada, i.e., um modelo idealizado que pudesse ser confrontado à modelação realizada nos destinos turísticos. Neste sentido, após a elaboração do modelo, realizou-se a modelação dos ciclos do processo turístico em dois destinos de turismo cultural: Ouro Preto, em Minas Gerais, e Salvador, na Bahia, ambos localizados no Brasil. Em seguida, aplicou-se o MAPT em contexto local, no período de 1975-2005. Com o intuito de contribuir para o entendimento aprofundado sobre o objeto de estudo, foram estabelecidos os fatores determinantes para o sucesso do planejamento turístico, assim como a análise das inovações percebidas com impacto direto na atividade turística. Estas duas reflexões foram realizadas nos destinos supracitados e trazem elementos capazes de enriquecer as análises resultantes da modelação com o MAPT. Ressalta-se, ainda, que foram estabelecidas relações e evidenciados pontos de consonância entre o MAPT e os modelos de Butler (1980), Boullón (1997) e Beni (1998), assim como entre o modelo proposto e as curvas de Hernández e León (2003). Em uma análise geral, ao comparar as dinâmicas turísticas de Ouro Preto e Salvador, observa-se que (i) o planejamento turístico em Salvador é mais estruturado, (ii) os investimentos públicos em turismo são, proporcionalmente, maiores em Salvador e (iii) o crescimento da atividade ocorre em ambos, sendo que nos últimos anos identifica-se uma retração da demanda turística em Salvador. Desta forma, estabelece-se que o MAPT é um instrumento capaz de contribuir em estudos de ciclo de vida, agregados a análise de processos turísticos, e possibilita à gestão pública um melhor monitoramento da atividade turística, a partir da identificação de alguns dos pontos críticos do turismo.This PhD thesis aims the development and validation of the Tourism Process Analysis Model, named as MAPT, a model supported by a theoretical-conceptual basis with a graphical representation. Stemming from literature review and specifically from the models of Butler (1980) and Lourenço (2003), a number of variables and indicators were selected. As focus of this analysis some of the major components that had influenced the tourism process life-cycle were tourism planning, tourism public investments and tourism growth which is represented by the relations between supply and demand. One of the main goals was the establishment of comparison parameters from the definition of a typified ideal behaviour, which means, the idealized model that could be faced with real situations in tourism destinations. It had been modelled tourism process life-cycle based on cultural tourism destinations located in Brazil, namely Ouro Preto, in Minas Gerais and Salvador, in Bahia. The MAPT was applied to both, within a local context framing in the period of 1975-2005. This approach encompassed the selection of the determinant factors for successful tourism planning as well as the analysis of the perceived innovations with direct impact upon the tourism activity. These two reflections had been applied on the destinations mentioned above, increasing the analysis resulted by MAPT modelling. It evidences links with other models, namely Butler´s (1980), Boullón´s (1997), Beni´s (1998) and the curves of Hernández and León (2003). In general, the comparison of the tourism dynamics of Ouro Preto and Salvador shows that (i) tourism planning in Salvador is more structured, (ii) the tourism public investments are, proportionally, larger in Salvador and (iii) tourism activity growth occurs in both destinations, with a recent demand decrease observed in Salvador. Conclusions point out at a successful achievement of MAPT as a tool enabling tourism process life-cycle analysis, allowing for the improved monitoring of the tourism activity by public management entities through the identification of some critical tourism points.Programa Alban, Programa de Bolsas de Alto Nível da União Européia para a América Latina, bolsa nº E04D046026B

Inovação, Governança e Desenvolvimento Sustentável em Destinos Turísticos Inteligentes: o caso de Belo Horizonte/MG, Brasil

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar iniciativas inovadoras realizadas em consonância com o desenvolvimento sustentável e com estímulo à governança, inseridas no contexto de um potencial destino turístico inteligente (DTI), a saber, Belo Horizonte, localizado no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Esta pesquisa, que foi desenvolvida entre janeiro e maio de 2017, é de natureza exploratória e caráter qualitativo. Foram entrevistados representantes de cinco instituições com as seguintes atuações: gestão pública – Secretaria Estadual de Turismo de Minas Gerais (Setur/MG) e Empresa Municipal de Turismo (Belotur); parceria público-privada – Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte (BH-TEC), startup – Experience Infinity e coletivo urbano – Beagá Cool. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram uma capacidade inovadora e criativa na capital mineira, bem como um potencial destino turístico inteligente. Isto porque as iniciativas inovadoras/criativas na cidade ainda são pontuais e o estágio de inovação, conforme os cinco entrevistados, ainda se encontra na fase inicial.The aim of this paper was to analyze innovative initiatives carried out in line with sustainable development and with a stimulus to governance, inserted in the context of a potential intelligent tourist destination (DTI), namely Belo Horizonte, located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This research, which was developed between January and May 2017, is exploratory and qualitative. Representatives of five institutions were interviewed: public management – State Secretariat of Tourism of Minas Gerais (Setur / MG) and Municipal Tourism Company (Belotur); Public-private partnership – Belo Horizonte Technology Park (BH-TEC), startup – Infinity Experience and urban collective – Beagá Cool. The results of the survey indicated an innovative and creative capacity in the capital of Minas Gerais, as well as a potential tourist destination. This is because the innovative / creative initiatives in the city are still punctual and the stage of innovation, according to the five interviewees, is still in the initial phase

Fuzzy algorithm applied to factors influencing competitiveness: A case study of Brazil and Peru through affinities theory

Innovation plays a crucial role in the economy of nations worldwide. In Latin America, countries foster competitiveness through public and private incentives to support innovation. Moreover, entrepreneurship incentives seek to improve countries’ performance, although factors such as low business growth rates and informality can compromise it. Despite the efforts, there are several difficulties in achieving competitiveness, and few studies in developing countries. Therefore, the article explores the relationship between the factors that influence competitiveness, especially the role of innovation and entrepreneurship in Brazil and Peru. The research uses quantitative-qualitative methodology through modeling and simulation and a case study. The authors use the Affinities Theory to verify the relationship between the indicators that make up the competitiveness landscape and its most significant and attractive factors, adapting the methodology established by the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) World Competitiveness ranking. As a result, this algorithm allows us to know the relationships between five factors of economic attractiveness and four competitiveness indicators. As its main contributions, the study advances the frontier of knowledge about innovation and entrepreneurship, as few studies explore competitiveness in developing countries. Also, it offers a detailed explanation of the application of this algorithm, allowing researchers to reproduce this methodology in other scenarios. Practically, it might support policymakers in formulating development strategies and stimuli for business competitiveness. In addition, academic and business leaders can strengthen university-business collaboration with applied research in innovation and entrepreneurship. One limitation would be the number of countries participating in the research. The authors suggest future lines of research.Project number 522RT0130 in Programa Ibero-americano de Ciências y Tecnologia para el Desarrolho (CYTED)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA UNIVERSITÁRIA: NOVAS FRATURAS, VELHAS FERIDAS

In recent years, university democracy has entered the agenda of national debates, in view of successive interventions in the electoral systems of Federal Institutions of Higher Education. It is estimated that 45% of federal universities suffered some type of interference in the choice of rectors, in addition to legal changes in their decision-making processes. In this scenario, marked by the weakening of democratic principles, the present article had the general objective of investigating the impacts of federal interference, in the democratic management practices of federal universities, between the years 2018 and 2022. unit of analysis of 10 universities in Minas Gerais, accompanied by documentary research and questionnaires with 167 members of university advisors. The results showed that the interventions, via provisional measures and technical notes, revoked institutionalized democratic practices, such as parity in internal voting at universities. On the other hand, even though the majority of university counselors refuted federal discretion in choosing deans, discourses of faculty supremacy emerged when agreeing with the changes that reduced the participation of students and administrative technicians in electoral processes. The conclusions point to the need to debate the limits of recent interference, as well as the internal contradictions that historically cross university practices, in the search for more democratic paths.Nos últimos anos a democracia universitária entrou na agenda dos debates nacionais, em vista das sucessivas intervenções nos sistemas eleitorais das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior. Estima-se que 45% das universidades federais sofreram algum tipo de ingerência na escolha dos reitores, além de modificações legais em seus processos decisórios. Nesse cenário, marcado pelo enfraquecimento de princípios democráticos, o presente artigo teve por objetivo geral de investigar os impactos das ingerências federais nas práticas de gestão democráticas das universidades federais, entre os anos de 2018 e 2022. Enquanto recorte metodológico, recorreu-se a unidade de análise de 10 universidades mineiras, acompanhadas de pesquisas documentais e questionários com 167 membros de conselhos universitários. Os resultados apontaram que as intervenções, via medidas provisórias e notas técnicas, revogaram práticas democráticas institucionalizadas, como a paridades nas votações internas em universidades. Por outro lado, ainda que a maioria dos conselheiros universitários refutassem a discricionariedade federal para a escolha dos reitores, os discursos da supremacia docente emergiram quando da concordância com as mudanças que reduziram a participação dos discentes e técnicos-administrativos nos processos eleitorais. As conclusões apontam para a necessidade de se debater os limites das interferências recentes como também as contradições internas que atravessam historicamente as práticas das universidades, na busca por caminhos mais democráticos