Effect of Different Irrigation Levels and Irrigation Water Salinity on Water Use Efficiency and Yield of Tomato Grown in Greenhouse

Farklı tuzluluk seviyelerinde ve farklı düzeylerde uygulanan sulama sularının domateste pazarlanabilirmeyve verimi ve su kullanım etkinliği üzerine etkisinin araştırıldığı çalışma, 2014, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarıilkbahar-yaz yetiştirme periyodunda, Kırklareli Atatürk Toprak Su ve Tarımsal Meteoroloji AraştırmaEnstitüsü arazisinde kurulu olan yay çatılı ısıtmasız serada yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada dört sulama suyutuzluluğu; T1: 0.38 dS m-1, T2: 1.10 dS m-1, T3: 2.50 dS m-1, T4: 5.00 dS m-1 ile üç sulama seviyesi;profildeki eksilen neme göre tarla kapasitesinin %70’i (S1), %100’ü (S2) ve %130’u (S3) seviyesindesulama uygulamaları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak ele alınmıştır.Profilde eksilen nem toprağın 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm ve 60-100 cm derinliklerine yerleştirilen nemsensörleri ile belirlenmiştir. Üç yılın ortalamasına göre uygulanan su miktarları sırasıyla 240 (S1), 334 (S2)ve 429 mm (S3) olmuştur. Bitki su tüketimi değerleri 248 mm ile 453 mm arasında değişmekle beraberen yüksek su tüketimi T1S3 konusunda, en düşük su tüketimi T4S1 konusunda belirlenmiştir. En yüksekverimler T1S2, T2S2 ve T1S3 uygulamalarından, en düşük verim ise T4S1 uygulamasından elde edilmiştir.Sulama suyu tuzluluğu arttıkça her sulama düzeyinde verim ve pazarlanabilir verime göre su kullanımrandımanı (WUE) düşmüştür.A three-year study was carried out to investigate the combining effect of irrigation water salinity and irrigation levels on the marketable yield and water use efficiency of tomato grown in Quonset type, unheated, PE greenhouse in Kırklareli Atatürk Soil Water and Agricultural Meteorology Research Institute during 2014, 2015 and 2016 spring-summer crop cycle. Four irrigation water salinity levels; T1: 0.38 dS m-1, T2: 1.10 dS m-1, T3: 2.50 dS m-1, T4: 5.00 dS m-1 and three irrigation levels; restoring 70% (S1), 100% (S2) and 130% (S3) of water volume at field capacity were studied in split-plot design with three replications. Required water volume for each irrigation was determined according to data from probes located in different depth of soil for estimating soil moisture content. Amount of irrigation water applied to S1, S2 and S3 treatments were 240, 334 and 429 mm, respectively. Plant water consumption values varied between 248 and 453 mm and the highest and lowest water consumptions were measured in T1S3 and T4S1 treatments, respectively. Marketable yield of tomato was effected by both electrical conductivity of water and irrigation water amount. According to combining effect of both factor over three years, the highest yields were obtained from T1S2, T2S2 and T1S3 treatments while the lowest yield was obtained from T4S1 treatment. Water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato reduced with increased EC of irrigation water in all irrigation managements

Farklı Sulama Suyu Kalitesi ve Su Düzeylerinin Serada Yetiştirilen Domates Bitkisinin Verim ve Su Kullanım Etkinliği Üzerine Etkisi

Farklı tuzluluk seviyelerinde ve farklı düzeylerde uygulanan sulama sularının domateste pazarlanabilirmeyve verimi ve su kullanım etkinliği üzerine etkisinin araştırıldığı çalışma, 2014, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarıilkbahar-yaz yetiştirme periyodunda, Kırklareli Atatürk Toprak Su ve Tarımsal Meteoroloji AraştırmaEnstitüsü arazisinde kurulu olan yay çatılı ısıtmasız serada yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada dört sulama suyutuzluluğu; T1: 0.38 dS m-1, T2: 1.10 dS m-1, T3: 2.50 dS m-1, T4: 5.00 dS m-1 ile üç sulama seviyesi;profildeki eksilen neme göre tarla kapasitesinin %70’i (S1), %100’ü (S2) ve %130’u (S3) seviyesindesulama uygulamaları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak ele alınmıştır.Profilde eksilen nem toprağın 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm ve 60-100 cm derinliklerine yerleştirilen nemsensörleri ile belirlenmiştir. Üç yılın ortalamasına göre uygulanan su miktarları sırasıyla 240 (S1), 334 (S2)ve 429 mm (S3) olmuştur. Bitki su tüketimi değerleri 248 mm ile 453 mm arasında değişmekle beraberen yüksek su tüketimi T1S3 konusunda, en düşük su tüketimi T4S1 konusunda belirlenmiştir. En yüksekverimler T1S2, T2S2 ve T1S3 uygulamalarından, en düşük verim ise T4S1 uygulamasından elde edilmiştir.Sulama suyu tuzluluğu arttıkça her sulama düzeyinde verim ve pazarlanabilir verime göre su kullanımrandımanı (WUE) düşmüştür.A three-year study was carried out to investigate the combining effect of irrigation water salinity and irrigation levels on the marketable yield and water use efficiency of tomato grown in Quonset type, unheated, PE greenhouse in Kırklareli Atatürk Soil Water and Agricultural Meteorology Research Institute during 2014, 2015 and 2016 spring-summer crop cycle. Four irrigation water salinity levels; T1: 0.38 dS m-1, T2: 1.10 dS m-1, T3: 2.50 dS m-1, T4: 5.00 dS m-1 and three irrigation levels; restoring 70% (S1), 100% (S2) and 130% (S3) of water volume at field capacity were studied in split-plot design with three replications. Required water volume for each irrigation was determined according to data from probes located in different depth of soil for estimating soil moisture content. Amount of irrigation water applied to S1, S2 and S3 treatments were 240, 334 and 429 mm, respectively. Plant water consumption values varied between 248 and 453 mm and the highest and lowest water consumptions were measured in T1S3 and T4S1 treatments, respectively. Marketable yield of tomato was effected by both electrical conductivity of water and irrigation water amount. According to combining effect of both factor over three years, the highest yields were obtained from T1S2, T2S2 and T1S3 treatments while the lowest yield was obtained from T4S1 treatment. Water use efficiency (WUE) of tomato reduced with increased EC of irrigation water in all irrigation managements

The Effect of Irrigation Water of Different Salinity Level on Root Development of Tomato Plant in Greenhouses Conditions

Bu çalışma, Atatürk Toprak, Su ve Tarımsal Meteoroloji Araştırma Enstitüsü uygulama alanında mevcutplastik serada, farklı tuzluluk düzeyindeki sulama sularının domates bitkisinin kök gelişimine etkisini izlemekamacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada iki farklı tuz konsantrasyonuna sahip sulama suyu (T1: 0.38 dS m-1 ve T2:5.0 dS m-1) kullanılmış ve domates bitkisinin kök gelişimi dört farklı derinlikte (0-25, 25-40, 40-55, 55-70,70-90 cm) minirhizotron kamera yardımıyla izlenmiştir. Elde edilen kök görüntüleri RootSnap programıyardımıyla analiz edilerek 5 farklı derinlikteki kök miktarları yüzdesel olarak hesaplamıştır. Elde edilensonuçlara göre; T2 sulama suyu ile sulanan domates bitkisinin kök gelişimi, tuz miktarının yoğunlaştığı0-25, 25-40 cm’lik toprak katmanında olumsuz olarak etkilenmiş ve buna bağlı olarak kök yüzdesi düşükolmuştur. Kullanılan sulama yöntemi kaynaklı olarak alt katlarda (40-55, 55-70, 70-90 cm) tuz birikimidaha düşük seviyelerde olduğundan, kök yüzdesinin arttığı gözlenmiştir. T1 sulama suyu ile sulanankonunun farklı katmanlardaki tuz miktarları kök gelişimini ve su alımını olumsuz yönde etkilemeyecekdüzeylerde olduğundan, kök yüzdesi tüm katmanlarda birbirine yakın oranda belirlenmiştir.The aim of this study is to observe the effect of irrigation water of different salinity level on root development of tomato plant and carried out Atatürk Soil, Water and Agricultural Meteorology Research Institute’s Greenhouses. Irrigation water (T1: 0.38 dS m-1 - T2: 5,0.dS m-1) with two different amounts of salt was used in the study and the root development of the tomato plant was examined at four different depths (0-25, 25-40, 40-55, 55-70, 70-90 cm) were monitored with the aid of a minirhizotron camera. The obtained root images are analyzed with the help of the RootSnap program to calculate the root quantities in 5 different depths as a percentage. As a result of the research, the root growth of tomato plant with T2 irrigation water was adversely affected by salt accumulation in the soil with high salt content (0-25, 25-40 cm) and accordingly root percentage was low. In the low-salt lower layers (40-55, 55-70, 70-90 cm), the percentage of root was increased because the salt accumulated in the soil was low . In T1 irrigation water, the percentages of roots were obtained in close proximity in each layers, since that would not affect root development and water uptake negatively

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) Are Good Candidates for Prognostic Markers for Acute Pancreatitis

Background and Objectives: It has been demonstrated that parameters such as the Controlled Nutrition Status (CONUT) score and Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI) are beneficial for the assessment of patients’ nutrition. In this study, our objective was to investigate the potential benefits of CONUT and, as a prognostic marker of acute pancreatitis, the PNI. Materials and Methods: The data of 361 patients were analysed retrospectively. The PNI and CONUT scores of these patients were retrospectively calculated. They were categorised as CONUT-high (≥3) and CONUT-low (≤2). A PNI ≥ 45 was considered high and a PNI Results: According to the CONUT score, it was found that 209 patients had normal to mild, whereas 152 patients had severe malnutrition. A total of 293 patients had mild AP and 68 thereof had severe AP. The patients with a high CONUT score used more antibiotics, were hospitalised more in intensive care units and experienced organ failure more frequently. There were no intensive care hospitalisations, mortalities, surgical needs and local complications among the patients with a higher PNI score. Conclusions: CONUT and the PNI have proven to be useful prognostic markers not only for predicting nutritional status but also for estimating the severity and results of AP

The effectiveness of long-pulse 1064 nm neoymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser for recalcitrant palmoplantar and ungual warts

Amaç: Palmoplantar ve ungual siğillerin bir kısmı geleneksel tedavilere dirençlidir. Biz bu çalışmada; 1064 nm uzun atımlı Nd: YAG lazerin, tedaviye dirençli palmoplantar ve ungual siğiller üzerindeki etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Geleneksel tedavilere dirençli palmar, plantar veya ungual siğili olan 63 hasta alındı. Dört hafta arayla 4 seans uygulama yapıldı. İşlemlerimizde neodimyum katkılı itriyum alüminyum granat (Nd: YAG) (80 W) lazer cihazı kullanıldı. Uygulamalar 4 mm başlık ile 150 J/cm2, 15 milisaniye şeklinde yapıldı. Tedaviye yanıtlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi ve yan etkiler kaydedildi. Bulgular: Siğilleri tamamen temizlenen hasta sayısı 37 (%66), kısmi temizlenen hasta sayısı 15 (%26) idi ve 4 (%8) hastada ise tedaviye cevap vermedi. Yapılan istatistiksel analizde, palmar, plantar veya ungual bölgedeki siğillerde tam temizlenme açısından fark saptanmadı (p=0,20, p=0,82, p=0,94 sırasıyla). Ayrıca lezyon sayısı ile tam temizlenme arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (p=0,97). Sonuç: Uzun atımlı Nd: YAG lazerler özellikle konvansiyonel tedavilere dirençli palmoplantar ve ungual siğillerde etkili, yan etkisi az ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerini bozmayan alternatif bir tedavi yöntemi olarak önerilebilirBackground and Design: Some of palmoplantar and ungual warts are resistant to conventional treatments. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of non-ablative 1064 nm long pulsed neoymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG) laser treatment on recalcitrant palmoplantar and ungual warts. Materials and Methods: Sixty-three patients with recalcitrant palmar, plantar and ungual warts were included in the study. Laser is applied in 4 sessions at 4-week intervals. The study employed the Nd: YAG (80 W). The following parameters were used: spot size: 4 mm; pulse duration: 15 msec; and fluence: 150 J/cm2. Treatment responses were evaluated statistically and side effects were recorded. Results: The number of patients who were completely cleaned and partially cleaned were 37 (66%) and 15 (26%), respectively. Four patients (4%) did not respond to treatment. In statistical analysis, there were no significant differences in palmar, plantar or ungual sites in term of complete clearance (p=0.20, p=0.82 and p=0.94, respectively). In addition, there was no association between the number of lesions and complete clearance (p=0.97). Conclusion: Long-pulsed Nd: YAG laser, which does not affect daily activity, is a safe and alternative method and may be recommended for patients with recalcitrant palmoplantar and ungual warts

Prognostic factors for regorafenib treatment in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: A real-life retrospective multi-center study

Regorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, has improved survival in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients who have progressed on standard therapies. Our study aimed to evaluate prognostic factors influencing regorafenib treatment and assess the optimal dosing regimen in a real-life setting. We retrospectively analyzed 263 patients with mCRC from multiple medical oncology clinics in Turkey. Treatment responses and prognostic factors for survival were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. Of the patients, 120 were male and 143 were female; 28.9% of tumors were located in the rectum. RAS mutations were present in 3.0% of tumors, while BRAF, K-RAS, and N-RAS mutations were found in 3.0%, 29.7%, and 25.9% of tumor tissues, respectively. Dose escalation was preferred in 105 (39.9%) patients. The median treatment duration was 3.0 months, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 4.9%. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-related toxicity occurred in 133 patients, leading to discontinuation, interruption, and modification rates of 50.6%, 43.7%, and 79.0%, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 3.0 and 8.1 months, respectively. RAS/RAF mutation (hazard ratio [HR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–2.3; P = 0.01), pre-treatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.3; P = 0.008), and toxicity-related treatment interruption or dose adjustment (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4; P = 0.01) were identified as independent prognostic factors for PFS. Dose escalation had no significant effect on PFS but was associated with improved OS (P < 0.001). Independent prognostic factors for OS were the initial TNM stage (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.9; P = 0.04) and dose interruption/adjustment (HR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.9; P = 0.03). Our findings demonstrate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib. Treatment line influences the response, with dose escalation being more favorable than adjustment or interruption, thus impacting survival

Turkish Gastroenterology Association, Pancreas Study Group, Chronic Pancreatitis Committee Consensus Report

[No abstract available

Macroscopic Portal Vein Thrombosis in Hcc Patients

Macroscopic portal vein invasion (PVT) by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the liver is one of the most important negative prognostic factors for HCC patients. The characteristics of a large cohort of such patients were examined. We found that the percent of patients with PVT significantly increased with increasing maximum tumor diameter (MTD), from 13.7% with tumors of MTD 10cm. There were similar numbers of HCC patients with very large tumors with and without PVT. Thus, MTD alone was insufficient to explain the presence of PVT, as were high AFP levels, since less than 50% of high AFP patients had PVT. However, the percent of patients with PVT was also found to significantly increase with increasing blood alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and tumor multifocality. A logistic regression model that included these 3 factors together showed an odds ratio of 17.9 for the combination of MTD>5.0cm plus tumor multifocality plus elevated AFP, compared to low levels of these 3 parameters. The presence or absence of macroscopic PVT may therefore represent different HCC aggressiveness phenotypes, as judged by a significant increase in tumor multifocality and AFP levels in the PVT positive patients. Factors in addition to MTD and AFP must also contribute to PVT development.PubMedWoSScopu

The efficacy of palbociclib and ribociclib in the first-line treatment of metastatic hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer in male patients: a Turkish oncology group (TOG) study.

IntroductionMale breast cancer, comprising approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases, often leads to the exclusion of male patients as a criterion in clinical trials. While the efficacy of Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors has been established in metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR +) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 -) breast cancer in women, limited data exist on their effectiveness in male patients.We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of palbociclib or ribociclib in male patients with breast cancer.IntroductionMale breast cancer, comprising approximately 1% of all breast cancer cases, often leads to the exclusion of male patients as a criterion in clinical trials. While the efficacy of Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors has been established in metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR +) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 -) breast cancer in women, limited data exist on their effectiveness in male patients.We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of palbociclib or ribociclib in male patients with breast cancer.MethodsThis study is a multicenter, retrospective study. We included male patients with HR + and HER2-metastatic breast cancer who received palbociclib or ribociclib as first-line treatment. Our primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rates (ORR), and drug-related adverse effects.ResultsA total of 46 male patients from 27 institutions were enrolled. The median age at initiation of CDK 4/6 inhibitors was 63.64 +/- 13.69 years, with a median follow-up of 21.33 (95% CI 14.92-27.74) months. The ORR were 84% for palbociclib and 76.2% for ribociclib. The mPFS for the entire cohort was 28.06 months (95% CI 18.70-37.42). No significant difference in PFS was observed between palbociclib and ribociclib (mPFS: 24.46 months (95% CI 11.51-37.42) vs 28.33 months (95% CI 14.77-41.88), respectively, p = 0.211). No new adverse events were reported.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that palbociclib and ribociclib are effective and safe options for first-line treatment in male patients with HR + /HER2 - metastatic breast cancer. However, further prospective studies are warranted to establish their efficacy in this population