3 research outputs found
Effects of different arachidonic acid supplementation on psychomotor development in very preterm infants; A randomized controlled trial
Background & aims: Nutritional supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids is important in preterm infants
neurodevelopment, but it is not known if the omega-6/omega-3 ratio affects this process. This study was designed to
determine the effects of a balanced contribution of arachidonic acid in very preterm newborns fed with formula milk.
Methods: This was a randomized trial, in which newborns <1500 g and/or <32 weeks gestational age were assigned
to one of two groups, based on the milk formula they would receive during the first year of life. Initially, 60 newborns
entered the study, but ultimately, group A was composed of 24 newborns, who were given formula milk with an ω-6/
ω-3 ratio of 2/1, and Group B was composed of 21 newborns, given formula milk with an ω-6/ω-3 ratio of 1/1. The
infants were followed up for two years: growth, visual-evoked potentials, brainstem auditory-evoked potentials, and
plasma fatty acids were periodically measured, and psychomotor development was assessed using the Brunet Lézine
scale at 24 months corrected age. A control group, for comparison of Brunet Lézine score, was made up of 25
newborns from the SEN1500 project, who were fed exclusively with breast milk.
Results: At 12 months, arachidonic acid values were significantly higher in group A than in group B (6.95 ± 1.55 % vs.
4.55 ± 0.78 %), as were polyunsaturated fatty acids (41.02 ± 2.09 % vs. 38.08 ± 2.32 %) achieved a higher average. Group
A achieved a higher average Brunet Lézine score at 24 months than group B (99.9 ± 9 vs. 90.8 ± 11, p =0.028). The
Brunet Lézine results from group A were compared with the control group results, with very similar scores registered
between the two groups (99.9 ± 9 vs. 100.5 ± 7). There were no significant differences in growth or evoked potentials
between the two formula groups.
Conclusions: Very preterm infants who received formula with an ω-6/ω-3 ratio of 2/1 had higher blood levels of
essential fatty acids during the first year of life, and better psychomotor development, compared with very preterm
newborns who consumed formula with an ω-6/ω-3 of 1/1. Therefore, formula milk with an arachidonic acid quantity
double that of docosahexaenoic acid should be considered for feeding very preterm infants
Studying of lipid profile in very preterm infants, and the effects of different omega-6/omega-3 ratio supplementation
Nutritional supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids is important in preterm
infants neurodevelopment. This was a randomized trial, in which newborns <1500 g
and/or <32 weeks gestational age were assigned to one of two groups, based on the milk
formula they would receive during the first year of life. Group A were given formula milk
with an ω-6/ω-3 ratio of 2/1, and group B given formula milk with an ω-6/ω-3 ratio of
1/1. Growth, visual-evoked potentials, brainstem auditory-evoked potentials, and plasma
fatty acids were periodically measured, and psychomotor development was assessed
using the Brunet Lézine scale at 24 months. A control group was made up of preterm who
were fed exclusively with breast milk. There were no significant differences in growth or
evoked potentials between the two formula groups. Very preterm infants who received
formula with an ω-6/ω-3 ratio of 2/1 had higher blood levels of essential fatty acids during
the first year, and better psychomotor development at 24 months, compared with very
preterm newborns who consumed formula with an ω-6/ω-3 of 1/1. Therefore, formula
milk with an arachidonic acid quantity double that of docosahexaenoic acid should be
considered for feeding very preterm infants