17,383 research outputs found
Complex dynamics of elementary cellular automata emerging from chaotic rules
We show techniques of analyzing complex dynamics of cellular automata (CA)
with chaotic behaviour. CA are well known computational substrates for studying
emergent collective behaviour, complexity, randomness and interaction between
order and chaotic systems. A number of attempts have been made to classify CA
functions on their space-time dynamics and to predict behaviour of any given
function. Examples include mechanical computation, \lambda{} and Z-parameters,
mean field theory, differential equations and number conserving features. We
aim to classify CA based on their behaviour when they act in a historical mode,
i.e. as CA with memory. We demonstrate that cell-state transition rules
enriched with memory quickly transform a chaotic system converging to a complex
global behaviour from almost any initial condition. Thus just in few steps we
can select chaotic rules without exhaustive computational experiments or
recurring to additional parameters. We provide analysis of well-known chaotic
functions in one-dimensional CA, and decompose dynamics of the automata using
majority memory exploring glider dynamics and reactions
Phase diagram and influence of defects in the double perovskites
The phase diagram of the double perovskites of the type Sr_{2-x} La_x Fe Mo
O_6 is analyzed, with and without disorder due to antisites. In addition to an
homogeneous half metallic ferrimagnetic phase in the absence of doping and
disorder, we find antiferromagnetic phases at large dopings, and other
ferrimagnetic phases with lower saturation magnetization, in the presence of
disorder.Comment: 4 pages, 3 postscript figures, some errata correcte
On domain walls in a Ginzburg-Landau non-linear S^2-sigma model
The domain wall solutions of a Ginzburg-Landau non-linear -sigma hybrid
model are unveiled. There are three types of basic topological walls and two
types of degenerate families of composite - one topological, the other
non-topological- walls. The domain wall solutions are identified as the finite
action trajectories (in infinite time) of a related mechanical system that is
Hamilton-Jacobi separable in sphero-conical coordinates. The physical and
mathematical features of these domain walls are thoroughly discussed.Comment: 26 pages, 18 figure
Dynamics of zonal flow-like structures in the edge of the TJ-II stellarator
The dynamics of fluctuating electric field structures in the edge of the
TJ-II stellarator, that display zonal flow-like traits, is studied. These
structures have been shown to be global and affect particle transport
dynamically [J.A. Alonso et al., Nucl. Fus. 52 063010 (2012)]. In this article
we discuss possible drive (Reynolds stress) and damping (Neoclassical
viscosity, geodesic transfer) mechanisms for the associated ExB velocity. We
show that: (a) while the observed turbulence-driven forces can provide the
necessary perpendicular acceleration, a causal relation could not be firmly
established, possibly because of the locality of the Reynolds stress
measurements, (b) the calculated neoclassical viscosity and damping times are
comparable to the observed zonal flow relaxation times, and (c) although an
accompanying density modulation is observed to be associated to the zonal flow,
it is not consistent with the excitation of pressure side-bands, like those
present in geodesic acoustic oscillations, caused by the compression of the ExB
flow field
PREDICTING THE LONG-TERM PERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURES MADE WITH ADVANCED CEMENT BASED MATERIALS IN EXTREMELY AGGRESSIVE ENVIRONMENTS: CURRENT STATE OF PRACTICE AND RESEARCH NEEDS – THE APPROACH OF H2020 PROJECT RESHEALIENCE.
Recently, in the framework of H2020, the European Commission has funded the project
ReSHEALience (www.uhdc.eu), whose main goal is to develop an Ultra High Durability
Concrete (UHDC) and a Durability Assessment-based Design (DAD) methodology for
structures, to improve durability and predict their long-term performance under Extremely
Aggressive Exposures. The project, coordinated by Politecnico di Milano, gathers 14 partners
from 8 different countries (Italy, Spain, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Malta),
including 6 academic and research institutions together with 8 industrial partners, which cover
the whole value chain, from producers of concrete constituents to construction companies to
stake-holders and end-users. A key activity of the project will consist in the development of a
theoretical model to evaluate ageing and degradation of UHDC structures, extending the
modelling to predict the lifespan, and its incorporation in a Durability Assessment-based Design
(DAD) methodology, which will be validated against experimental tests performed in the same
project and the monitored performance of six full-scale pilots in real exposure conditions. The
paper, starting from a review of the current state of art on the modelling of advanced cement
based materials in extremely aggressive environments (EAE), will address the approach
pursued in the project
Spin-orbit induced mixed-spin ground state in NiO perovskites probed by XAS: new insight into the metal to insulator transition
We report on a Ni L edges x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study
in NiO perovskites. These compounds exhibit a metal to insulator ()
transition as temperature decreases. The L edge presents a clear
splitting in the insulating state, associated to a less hybridized ground
state. Using charge transfer multiplet calculations, we establish the
importance of the crystal field and 3d spin-orbit coupling to create a
mixed-spin ground state. We explain the transition in NiO
perovskites in terms of modifications in the Ni crystal field splitting
that induces a spin transition from an essentially low-spin (LS) to a
mixed-spin state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted as PRB - Rapid Comm. Dez. 200
First order transition and phase separation in pyrochlores with colossal-magnetoresistance
TlMnO pyrochlores present colossal magnetoresistance (CMR)
around the long range ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T). The
character of this magnetic phase transition has been determined to be first
order, by purely magnetic methods, in contrast to the second order character
previously reported by Zhao et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 219 (1999)). The
highest CMR effect, as in TlCdMnO, corresponds to a
stronger first order character. This character implies a second type of
magnetic interaction, besides the direct superexchange between the Mn
ions, as well as a phase coexistence. A model is proposed, with a complete
Hamiltonian (including superexchange and an indirect interaction), which
reproduce the observed phenomenology.Comment: 6 pages. Figures include
Distributional and classical solutions to the Cauchy Boltzmann problem for soft potentials with integrable angular cross section
This paper focuses on the study of existence and uniqueness of distributional
and classical solutions to the Cauchy Boltzmann problem for the soft potential
case assuming integrability of the angular part of the collision
kernel (Grad cut-off assumption). For this purpose we revisit the
Kaniel--Shinbrot iteration technique to present an elementary proof of
existence and uniqueness results that includes large data near a local
Maxwellian regime with possibly infinite initial mass. We study the propagation
of regularity using a recent estimate for the positive collision operator given
in [3], by E. Carneiro and the authors, that permits to study such propagation
without additional conditions on the collision kernel. Finally, an
-stability result (with ) is presented assuming the
aforementioned condition.Comment: 19 page
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