I-MATH map of company demand for mathematical technology: TransMATH

This document details a Spanish prospectus on the level of knowledge, use and demand for mathematical technology by commercial companies. It is aimed at detecting problems in the corporate field for which Mathematicians could provide the complementary or fundamental tools, determine the demand for mathematical training, and define where necessary new lines of research in Mathematics aimed at solving these problem

La ocupación ilegal de viviendas

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar la ocupación ilegal de viviendas desde un punto de vista jurídico, analizando su naturaleza jurídica y las acciones previstas en nuestro ordenamiento destinadas a proteger la propiedad. La ocupación ilegal surgió como un movimiento reivindicatorio por parte de determinados colectivos con la finalidad de que los poderes públicos escucharan a los sectores marginales, que reclamaban el hecho de que muchas personas vivían en la calle, para que se les concediera el derecho a una vivienda digna y adecuada. Esto es, el denominado “movimiento okupa”. A raíz de este movimiento, surgió lo que actualmente conocemos como ocupación- u ocupación sin título-, cuya finalidad es totalmente diferente, ya que en este supuesto las personas ocupan los inmuebles por necesidad, debido a que su situación económica no les permite pagar una vivienda en la que residir. Según fuentes estadísticas, la ocupación ilegal de viviendas ha aumentado de manera notoria en estos últimos años, lo que no llama demasiado la atención, al ser noticia constante en los diferentes medios de comunicación. Debido a que esta situación es bastante preocupante, es necesario plantear desde una perspectiva jurídica cuál es el origen de que estas situaciones ocurran, y cuál es la protección que ofrece nuestro ordenamiento jurídico. A lo largo del presente trabajo, se analizará la ocupación, estudiando los distintos métodos que tiene un propietario para recuperar la posesión de su vivienda ocupada ilegítimamente. Principalmente se abordará la solución de este problema desde un punto de vista civil, aunque también se hará una breve referencia a la vía penal, con mención de otros asuntos de interés, como el análisis de los casos más frecuentes que resuelven nuestros tribunales en esta materia, entre otras cuestiones.<br /

Coaching académico a través de las mentorías entre iguales

En este trabajo se describe una nueva experiencia llevada a cabo al añadir tareas de coaching académico dentro de nuestro programa de mentorías entre iguales. Las tareas de coaching académico consisten principalmente en una serie de entrevistas entre el mentor (estudiante de los últimos cursos) y los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso en el grado en Ingeniería Informática. Estas entrevistas se basan en cuestionarios. Esos cuestionarios son diseñados por una comisión de profesores, y además de recoger información, el punto donde se pretende incidir es la toma de conscienccia del estudiante novel, introduciendo metodología de coaching basada en el planteamiento de objetivos y un plan de acción. De esta forma, las preguntas las realiza el mentor y las contestan los estudiantes de nuevo ingreso. En la primera reunión el cuestionario se centra en mejorar la motivación y la autoconfianza del estudiante novel, descubrir sus fortalezas e intereses, determinar áreas para mejorar y finalmente diseñar un plan de acción. Las reuniones posteriores se centran en el seguimiento y revisión de estas estrategias. Esta iniciativa fue motivada por la necesidad de contar con una herramienta más efectiva para orientar, ayudar y acompañar al estudiante de nuevo ingreso en sus primeros pasos en su nueva vida universitaria, pero teniendo en cuenta que el principal objetivo es que el estudiante novel identifique e implemente sus propias soluciones para alcanzar con éxito sus retos. Esta propuesta ha tenido una gran acogida por los mentores y por los alumnos de nuevo ingreso, con un alto número de estudiantes inscritos con una participación activa y comprometida. El resultado esperado con esta propuesta de coaching académico es: mejorar la capacidad de autoconfianza y el rendimiento académico del estudiante novel, y por otro lado, potenciar la competencia de liderazgo del mentor.This paper describes a new experience carried out by adding academic coaching tasks in our peer mentoring program. The academic coaching tasks mainly consist in a series of conversations between the mentor (senior student) and the incoming students in the Computer Science Engineering Degree. These conversations are based on questionnaires. These questionnaires are designed by a teacher team and, besides colleting information, their main aim is to train, through introducing coaching methodology based on identifying a career goal and designing an action plan. In this way, the questions are asked by the mentor and answered by the incoming students. In the first meeting, the questionnaire is focused on improving the motivation and self-confidence of the novel student, to discover his/her strengths and interests, to determine areas of improvement and finally to draw an action plan. In later meetings, the focus is a monitoring and revision of these strategies. This initiative was motivated by the need to have a more efficient tool in order to orientate, help and support novel students in their first steps in their new university life, but taking into account that the main aim is that the novel student identify and implement his/her own solutions to achieve successfully his/her challenging issues. This proposal has had a warm welcome by mentor and incoming students, with a high number of enrolled students taking active participation. The goal of this academic coaching is twofold. On the one hand, to improve the self-confidence skills and academic performance of the novel students. On the other hand, to strengthen the leadership skills of the mentor students

Locating waste pipelines to minimize their impact on marine environment

A waste pipeline, considered as an undesirable facility, is to be located in a coastal region. Two criteria are taken into account, the Euclidean distance from a given set of protected areas (coral reefs and sandbanks) and a utility function related to the pipe length, both to be maximized. The paper describes a methodology to obtain an efficient set of points where the extreme of a marine pipeline should be located. Since the formulation of the model is based on the zone Voronoi diagram, the computational complexity of the solving procedure is low

Rapid Magnetic Dispersive solid phase extraction to preconcentration/determination of Cd and Pb in aqueous samples

A new magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE) method and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) have been combined for the analysis of Cd and Pb in environmental samples. For the preconcentration, a shell structured Fe3O4@graphene oxide nanospheres was synthetized and characterized. The material was suspended in the ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-metilimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM][BF4], the obtained stable colloidal suspension is named ferrofluid. GO presents excellent adsorbent properties for organic species due to the presence of the electronic π system. For this reason, the organic ligand [1,5-bis-(2-dipyridyl) methylene] thiocarbonohydrazide (DPTH) was used in order to form organic complexes of Cd and Pb. Once the DPTH ligand has been added to sample, the ferrofluid was injected and finely dispersed in the sample solution in order to extract the formed chelates. The complete adsorption of the chelates took place within few seconds then, the solid was separated from the solution with the aid of a strong magnet. Cd and Pb ions were desorbed from the material with 1 mL of acid nitric 5% solution and quantified by GFAAS. All experimental and instrumental variables were optimized. The analytical performances of the optimized method were: EF (Enrichment factor): 200 with LODs (detection limit): 0.005 and 0.004 µg L-1 and LOQs (determination limit): 0.017 and 0.013 µg L-1, for Cd and Pb, respectively. The reliability of the developed procedure was tested by relative standard deviation (% RSD), which was found to be < 5%. The accuracy of the proposed method was verified using certified reference materials (SLRS-5, SPS-SW2, and BCR-723) and by determining the analyte content in spiked aqueous samples. Sea waters and tap water samples collected from Málaga (Spain) were also analysed. The determined values were in good agreement with the certified values and the recoveries for the spiked samples were around 100% in all cases.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

New methodologies to improve the chemistry learning at University

The main objective was to improve the learning of Chemistry subject using Flipped classroom, because it makes class time more engaging. The lecture portion of General Chemistry courses in engineers degrees have been pushed outside the classroom using pre recording technology and steaming delivery of content, to make classes more interactive and participative. The Flipped classroom model has become one of the main topics in the higher education space in recent years thanks to improvements in technology. Those videos where recorded by the students about themes like radioactivity, chemistry bonds, the evolution of the atom theory, and so on. Those videos were showed on classes and after the videos were evaluated using a rubric. Statistical significance of the data has shown, and proved with, that implementing the Flipped classroom model could not only benefit professors, but also it could also help us adapt the classes to the various learning styles that exist among the students.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Cold vapour generation electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and solid phase extraction based on a new nanosorbent for sensitive HG determination in environmental samples (sea water and river water)

Reunión bianual del Grupo Regional Andaluz de la Sociedad Española de Química AnalíticaMercury is not an essential element for plant or animal life and it is a potential environmental toxic because of its tendency to form covalent bonds with organic molecules and the high stability of the Hg-C bond. Reports estimate a total mercury concentration in natural waters ranging from 0.2 to 100 ng L-1. Due to this fact, highly sensitive methods are required for direct determination of such extremely low levels. In this work, a rapid and simple method was developed for separation and preconcentration of mercury by flow injection solid phase extraction coupled with on-line chemical vapour generation electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The system is based on chelating retention of the analyte onto the mini column filled with a mesoporous silica functionalized with 1,5 bis (di-2-pyridyl) methylene thiocarbohydrazide. The main aim of this work was to develop a precise and accurate method for the determination of the Hg. Under the optima conditions and 120 s preconcentration time, the detection limit obtained was 0.009 μg L-1, with RSDs 3.7 % for 0.2 μg L-1, 4.8 % for 1 μg L-1 and enrichment factor 4, Furthermore, the method proposed has permitted the determination of Hg with a reduction in the analysis time, the sample throughput was about 18 h-1, low consumption of reagents and sample volume. The method was applied to the determination of Hg in sea water and river water. For the quality control of the analytical performance and the validation of the newly developed method, the analysis of two certified samples, TMDA 54.4 Fortified Lake, and LGC6187 River sediment was addressed. The results showed good agreement with the certified values.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Structural Phase Transitions of Hybrid Perovskites CH₃NH₃PbX₃ (X = Br, Cl) from Synchrotron and Neutron Diffraction Data

Methylammonium (MA) lead trihalide perovskites, that is, CH3NH3PbX3 (X = I, Br, Cl), have emerged as a new class of light-absorbing materials for photovoltaic applications. Indeed, since their implementation in solar-cell heterojunctions, they reached efficiencies above 23%. From a crystallographic point of view, there are many open questions that should be addressed, including the role of the internal motion of methylammonium groups within PbX6 lattice under extreme conditions, such as low/high temperature or high pressure. For instance, in MAPbBr3 perovskites, the octahedral tilting can be induced upon cooling, lowering the space group from the aristotype Pm3¯m to I4/mcm and Pnma. The band gap engineering brought about by the chemical management of MAPb(Br,Cl)3 perovskites has been controllably tuned: the gap progressively increases with the concentration of Cl ions from 2.1 to 2.9 eV. In this chapter, we review recent structural studies by state-of-the-art techniques, relevant to the crystallographic characterization of these materials, in close relationship with their light-absorption properties

Determination of Pb using F3eO4 GO join to DPTH for ferrofluid based dispersive solid phase extraction

In this work has been described a green and rapid method the synthesis of Fe3O4@GO nanospheres via chemical covalent bonding method. The Fe3O4@GO DPTH was applied to ferrofluid based dispersive solid phase extraction of lead as a model analyte using an ionic liquid carrier. The ferro fluid allows the rapid extraction of lead ions using a low amount of sorbent material. Besides, the magnetic separation greatly improved the separation rate. The presented method is highly time saving due to the high dispersion of the sorbent in the aqueous phase and also there is no need to shake the sample solution. The other benefits of the proposed methods are simplicity of operation, low cost, high sorption capacity, high recovery and high preconcentration. In order to optimize the method the following parameters were studied: sample solution pH, concentration of DPTH, extraction time, amount of sorbent, desorption conditions, influence of ionic strength, and tolerance of potentially interfering ions. The sample or standard solution containing Pb(II), DPTH (0.05% ethanol w/v), NaCl (0.5 %, w/v) and buffer (pH = 5.6) was poured into high volume. Then 240 µL of ferrofluid was injected rapidly into the sample solution through a syringe. Thereupon, a dark cloudy suspension was formed, ferrofluid was dispersed thoroughly in solution and the complex of Pb-DPTH was extracted in a few seconds. Subsequently, a strong magnet was placed at the bottom of the tube to let the extractant settle. After about 3 min, the solution became clear and the supernatant was discarded simply by decanting it. Afterwards, the magnet was removed and 1 mL of nitric acid (2.0 mol L−1) was introduced to the vial to desorb the Pb by sonication. Finally, the sorbent was separated by positioning the magnet to the outside of the tube and the concentration of Pb in acidic aqueous phase was determined by ETAAS.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Decreased Water Use in a Super-Intensive Olive Orchard Mediates Arthropod Populations and Pest Damage

In Spain, water use in agriculture is expected to become limited by resources in the future. It is pertinent to study the effect of decreased irrigation on the presence of pests, plant damage, and arthropod communities in a super-intensive olive orchard examined from 2017 to 2019. Arthropods were studied with visual and vacuum sampling methods in two irrigation treatments (T1—control and T2—Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI)). Univariate analyses showed that the total arthropod abundance was significantly greater in T1 than in T2 in 2018 and 2019, mostly due to Diptera Nematocera. Visual sampling revealed that the feeding damage produced by Eriophyidae (Trombidiformes) was significantly lower in T2 in 2018 and 2019: 10–40% of shoots were affected in the late season compared with 50–60% affected for T1. The feeding symptoms caused by Palpita unionalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Zelleria oleastrella (Milliere) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) were significantly less for T2 than for T1. Multivariate principal response curves showed significant differences between irrigation strategies in the 2018 and 2019 data for both sampling methods. In conclusion, irrigation schemes with restricted water use (T2—RDI) help to reduce the abundance of several types of pests in olive crops, especially of those that feed on the plants’ new sprouts