Has increased nursing competence in the ambulance services impacted on pre-hospital assessment and interventions in severe traumatic brain-injured patients?

OBJECTIVE: Trauma is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in modern society, and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the single leading cause of mortality among young adults. Pre-hospital acute care management has developed during recent years and guidelines have shown positive effects on the pre-hospital treatment and outcome for patients with severe traumatic brain injury. However, reports of impacts on improved nursing competence in the ambulance services are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if increased nursing competence level has had an impact on pre-hospital assessment and interventions in severe traumatic brain-injured patients in the ambulance services. METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted. It included all severe TBI patients (>15 years of age) with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of less than eight measured on admission to a level one trauma centre hospital, and requiring intensive care (ICU) during the years 2000–2009. RESULTS: 651 patients were included, and between the years 2000–2005, 395 (60.7%) severe TBI patients were injured, while during 2006–2009, there were 256 (39.3%) patients. The performed assessment and interventions made at the scene of the injury and the mortality in hospital showed no significant difference between the two groups. However, the assessment of saturation was measured more frequently and length of stay in the ICU was significantly less in the group of TBI patients treated between 2006–2009. CONCLUSION: Greater competence of the ambulance personnel may result in better assessment of patient needs, but showed no impact on performed pre-hospital interventions or hospital mortality

Egna märkesvaror och beslut kring vertikal integration

Titel: Datum för seminarie: Kurs: Författare: Handledare: Nyckelord: Forskningsfråga: Metod: Teoretisk referensram: Empiri: Resultat: Abstrakt “Egna märkesvaror och beslut kring vertikal integration” - En fallstudie av beslutsprocessen inom ICA. 2015- 01-16 FEKH19, Kandidatarbete, 15 högskolepoäng Alexander Alm, Petra Görman, Maximilian Moëll Niklas Hallberg Egna märkesvaror (EMV), leverantörsmärkta varor LMV, vertikal integration, transaktionskostnadsteorin (TCE), resursbaserad teori (RBV). Vilka faktorer påverkar ICAs beslutsfattande vid val av egna märkesvaror? Den metod som ligger till grund för uppsatsen är en kvalitativ fallstudie på ICA. Empirin har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med ansvarig personal från ICAs avdelning för egna märkesvaror, produktutvecklingsavdelning, inköp samt en anställd hos Candy King. Vid analys av det insamlade materialet användes pattern matching närmare bestämt rival explanations as patterns. Transaktionskostnadsteorin och den resursbaserade teorin användes som två delar i vår analys av vilka faktorer som ligger till grund för vertikal integration i frånvaron av relationsspecifika investeringar. Transaktionskostnadsteorin och den resursbaserade teorin innefattar olika begrepp som vi presenterade i vårt teoretiska ramverk. Dagligvarubranschen är en bransch med en stor andel egna märkesvaror. Empirin i uppsatsen har därför samlats in genom intervjuer med anställda från två av branschens större aktörer, ICA och Candy King. Datan från intervjuerna kompletterades med data från ICAs hemsida. Det är elva olika faktorer som vi anser har påverkan på ICAs val av egna märkesvaror, även om vissa faktorer kan påverka samma beslut men ur olika perspektiv. Vidare har det även framkommit att det finns ett antal olika specifika egenskaper som produkter måste inneha för att ICA ska besluta om att införa dem som egna märkesvaror.Title: Seminar date: Course: Authors: Advisor: Keywords: Thesis purpose: Methodology: “Private label products and the decision on vertical integration” - A case study of the decision-making at ICA. 2015- 01-16 FEKH19, Degree Project Undergraduate Level, Business Administration, 15 University Credit Points Alexander Alm, Petra Görman, Maximilian Moëll Niklas Hallberg Private Labels, Brands, Vertical integration, Transaction cost theory, Resource-based view What factors influence a company's decision-making in the selection of private label products? The methodology underlying the thesis is a qualitative case study at ICA. The empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews with responsible personnel from ICA's private label products, product development department, purchasing department as well as one interview with an employee at Candy King. In the analysis of the collected material pattern matching was used, more precisely rival explanations as patterns. Abstract Theoretical framework: Transaction cost theory and the resource-based theory was used as two parts in our analysis of the factors underlying the vertical Empirical foundation: Conclusion: integration in the absence of relationship-specific investments. Transaction cost theory and the resource-based theory involves different concepts that we presented in our theoretical framework. The retail industry is an industry with a high percentage of private label products. The empirical data in the thesis has been collected through interviews with employees from two of the industry's major players, ICA and Candy King. The data from the interviews were supplemented with data from ICA's website. There are eleven different factors that we believe have some kind of impact on ICA's decision on private label products, although some factors may affect the same decision but from different perspectives. There are also a number of attributes that products must possess if ICA will decide to establish them as private label products

How threshold behaviour affects the use of subgraphs for network comparison

Motivation: A wealth of protein–protein interaction (PPI) data has recently become available. These data are organized as PPI networks and an efficient and biologically meaningful method to compare such PPI networks is needed. As a first step, we would like to compare observed networks to established network models, under the aspect of small subgraph counts, as these are conjectured to relate to functional modules in the PPI network. We employ the software tool GraphCrunch with the Graphlet Degree Distribution Agreement (GDDA) score to examine the use of such counts for network comparison

Contrasting Computational Models of Mate Preference Integration Across 45 Countries

Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate preference integration process using a large sample of n = 14,487 people from 45 countries around the world. We combine this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets. Across cultures, people higher in mate value appear to experience greater power of choice on the mating market in that they set higher ideal standards, better fulfill their preferences in choice, and pair with higher mate value partners. Furthermore, we find that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.The work of Truong Ti Khanh Ha was supported by grants 501.01–2016.02 from the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED). Anna Oleszkiewicz was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (#626/STYP/12/2017). Tis study was conducted in line with project NIR No. 01201370995 “Cross-cultural and interdisciplinary researches. Biosocial and cross-cultural analysis of models of tolerance and basic values of culture in modern society” (Marina Butovskaya and Daria Dronova). Agnieszka Sorokowska and Piotr Sorokowski were supported by the National Science Center—Poland (2014/13/B/HS6/02644). Petra Gyuris, András Láng, and Norbert Meskó were supported by the Hungarian Scientifc Research Fund — OTKA (K125437). Feng Jiang was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China, grant No. 71971225

Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world

Touch is the primary way people communicate intimacy in romantic relationships, and affectionate touch behaviors such as stroking, hugging and kissing are universally observed in partnerships all over the world. Here, we explored the association of love and affectionate touch behaviors in romantic partnerships in two studies comprising 7880 participants. In the first study, we used a cross-cultural survey conducted in 37 countries to test whether love was universally associated with affectionate touch behaviors. In the second study, using a more fine-tuned touch behavior scale, we tested whether the frequency of affectionate touch behaviors was related to love in romantic partnerships. As hypothesized, love was significantly and positively associated with affectionate touch behaviors in both studies and this result was replicated regardless of the inclusion of potentially relevant factors as controls. Altogether, our data strongly suggest that affectionate touch is a relatively stable characteristic of human romantic relationships that is robustly and reliably related to the degree of reported love between partners.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sequential treatment of ADHD in mother and child (AIMAC study): importance of the treatment phases for intervention success in a randomized trial

Background: The efficacy of parent-child training (PCT) regarding child symptoms may be reduced if the mother has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The AIMAC study (ADHD in Mothers and Children) aimed to compensate for the deteriorating effect of parental psychopathology by treating the mother (Step 1) before the beginning of PCT (Step 2). This secondary analysis was particularly concerned with the additional effect of the Step 2 PCT on child symptoms after the Step 1 treatment. Methods: The analysis included 143 mothers and children (aged 6–12 years) both diagnosed with ADHD. The study design was a two-stage, two-arm parallel group trial (Step 1 treatment group [TG]: intensive treatment of the mother including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy; Step 1 control group [CG]: supportive counseling only for mother; Step 2 TG and CG: PCT). Single- and multi-group analyses with piecewise linear latent growth curve models were applied to test for the effects of group and phase. Child symptoms (e.g., ADHD symptoms, disruptive behavior) were rated by three informants (blinded clinician, mother, teacher). Results: Children in the TG showed a stronger improvement of their disruptive behavior as rated by mothers than those in the CG during Step 1 (Step 1: TG vs. CG). In the CG, according to reports of the blinded clinician and the mother, the reduction of children’s disruptive behavior was stronger during Step 2 than during Step 1 (CG: Step 1 vs. Step 2). In the TG, improvement of child outcome did not differ across treatment steps (TG: Step 1 vs. Step 2). Conclusions: Intensive treatment of the mother including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy may have small positive effects on the child’s disruptive behavior. PCT may be a valid treatment option for children with ADHD regarding disruptive behavior, even if mothers are not intensively treated beforehand. Trial registration: ISRCTN registry ISRCTN73911400. Registered: 29 March 2007

Mechanism of adsorption of actives onto microporous functionalised calcium carbonate (FCC)

Microporous ‘functionalised’ calcium carbonate (FCC) has potential for use as a carrier for the controlled release of ‘actives’, by permeation and diffusion. We have investigated the nature of the FCC surface and the mechanism of adsorption of two typical actives, namely the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin and the flavour compound vanillin, from chloroform and aqueous ethanolic solutions. There is indirect evidence from the quantitative perturbation of Tóth isotherms that their adsorption is hindered by a stagnant diffusion layer of water trapped in the micro-porosity of the FCC. To complement previous studies of the surface of FCC, it was also tested with the cationic probe benzyltrimethylammonium bromide and the anionic probe sodium 2-naphthalenesulphonate. Experimental procedures were validated by comparison with adsorption onto ground calcium carbonate and high surface area talc

Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2